Quantitative tests for stratigraphic cyclicity

Periodic Milankovitch (M-) orbital forcing provides an explanation for subjectively recognized short-term repetition of lithofacies-‘cycles’-in the stratigraphic record. Tests of this explanation often find no order in the lithofacies and/or no regularity in the recurrence of lithofacies. This does not disprove the influence of M-forcing, but a sedimentary response in terms of irregular M-forced ‘cycles’ is indistinguishable from one in which repetition of facies is not M-forced. Use of such cycles in time calibration is correspondingly suspect. Stricter, dimensional cyclicity invokes Sander's Rule, which suggests periodicity in sedimentation, for which M-forcing provides an obvious explanation. Time calibration on the basis of strict cyclicity thus appears more dependable. Objective tests for regular M-forced stratigraphic cyclicity commonly depend upon spectral analyses. Such tests are not unambiguous. Bilogarithmic thickness/frequency plots derived from objective layer thickness inventories (LTI) provide an alternative. Commonly, such plots show power-law relationships that preclude dimensional M-cyclicities. By contrast, a model data series that perfectly encodes the M-cyclic fluctuations in terrestrial insolation generates a strongly inflected, non-power-law LTI plot. Power-law plots result where the model data series is decimated by random hiatuses, with numbers and durations tuned to M-cycle frequencies. It seems improbable that natural data series record such tuning. The general absence of strict cyclicity in the M-frequency range is more likely to reflect the nonlinear response of sedimentary systems to cyclic M-forcing of insolation. Interestingly, when applied to the classically cyclic lacustrine Triassic sediments of the Newark Basin, USA, the LTI test suggests a decimated record, preserving some evidence of M-cyclicity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

内蒙古二连盆地不同岩性潜山储层特征及其影响因素

二连盆地古生界潜山岩性分布具有多样性,利用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、物性分析、常规测井和伽玛能谱测井等技术对二连盆地不同岩性潜山储集层发育特征进行分析。结果表明灰岩潜山、凝灰岩潜山和动力变质岩潜山储集层较发育,以溶蚀型储集层为主,孔缝组合类型为洞穴型、孔洞-裂缝型、孔隙-裂缝型和裂缝-孔隙型;花岗岩潜山和区域变质岩潜山储层欠发育,储集空间主要为构造缝,孔缝组合类型为裂缝型和裂缝-孔隙型;不同岩性储集层纵向分布具有分带性,储集层主要发育于岩溶带、风化淋滤带、强风化碎石带和内幕溶蚀带;灰岩潜山和凝灰岩潜山储集层纵向分布广,具有纵向随机发育的特征,花岗岩潜山和花岗碎裂岩潜山存在风化壳储集层和内幕储集层。综合分析认为潜山储集层发育的影响因素主要包括岩性、距离潜山顶面的深度、构造运动及断裂分布和热液活动。不同岩性的储集层主要分布在距离潜山顶面80m深度范围内;裂缝发育带沿断裂呈带状分布,而且随着与断裂距离的增加,构造裂缝分数维值逐渐减小;热液活动对储集物性起着改善和破坏双重作用。