A Unified Variational Principle of Fluid Mechanics and Application on Solitary Subdomain or Point

-According to basic equations of fluid mechanics, this paper presents a unified variational principle of fluid mechanics (UVPFM) by using the optimization method of weighted residuals (OMWR). The advantages are as follows, the establishment of the functional and the variational principle is easy, it can change various problems of fluid mechanics derived by basic equations into a unified optimization problem, and the solution is the optimum one in some sense. According to the OMWR for the solitary subdomain, this paper uses UVPFM onto any solitary subdomain and gives the solution of the hydrodynamics equation which is suitable only for that solitary subdomain. According to the OMWR for solitary point, this paper uses UVPFM to any solitary point and gives the solution of the hydrodynamics equation (point solution) which is suitable only for that solitary point. As the solution for the solitary subdomain or solitary point is developed independently, the compatibility with other subdomain or other points, do     

遗传算法在水环境灰色非线性规划中的应用

利用常规最优化方法解水环境中的灰色非线性规划问题难度较大。尝试利用遗传算法与传统非线性规划解法相结合的混合数值算法对此类问题的求解进行了探索。在实例的应用中,该方法有效性得到了验证。     

Computer-aided design of bus route maps

The bus route map is a diagram that aims to convey necessary information for map readers to find an appropriate way of moving from an origin to a destination. Design of bus route map is a complicated and time-consuming task that requires careful consideration of readability and aesthetics. This paper proposes a new computational method for designing bus route maps. The method helps us to reduce six types of undesirable elements in bus route maps, i.e., gap, shift, crossing, overlap, misalignment, and acute bend. The method consists of two phases: line layout phase determines the relative order of bus routes on each road segment and map layout phase calculates the actual position of bus routes drawn on a map. This paper applies the method to the design of bus route maps of Chiba City, Japan. The result supports the effectiveness of the method as well as reveals open topics for future research.     

Textural and Geochemical Characteristics of Proglacial Sediments: A Case Study in the Foreland of the Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica

This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the for     

岩石声发射Kaiser点信号频带能量分布和分形特征研究

通过单轴加载岩石破坏全过程声发射试验,根据Kaiser效应原理采用参数法确定了Kaiser点.在此基础上,首先采用小波包频带分解方法,对岩石声发射Kaiser点信号的能量分布特征进行了研究,分析了砂岩声发射信号的不同频带能量分布规律,得到了Kaiser点特征频带能量百分比大于相邻点的重要结论.其次,采用G-P算法计算了声发射过程关联分维数,结果表明声发射过程不仅具有分形特征,而且Kaiser点声发射信号关联分维数小于其相邻点,其结论可作为通过波形分析识别Kaiser点的特征.     

地震多属性拟合技术在粗粒扇体沉积相图编制中的应用--以玛131井区百口泉组二段为例

由于砾岩岩石类型复杂,储层非均质性强,难以建立地震属性与储层之间的一一对应关系,导致应用地震属性常常具有不确定性和多解性。为了克服单一属性反映粗粒沉积展布的片面性,同类属性间相关信息的彼此干扰性,地震相预测扇体分布的盲目性,针对性的提出了基于地震多属性拟合技术编制粗粒扇体沉积相图的方法:1）建立岩性识别图版;2）属性优化与线性逐步回归拟合含砂砾率;3）均方根振幅属性正态分布约束砂体边界;4）应用拟合含砂砾率等值线图,结合岩相和测井相编制粗粒扇体沉积相图。并将该方法用于玛131井区百口泉组二段的沉积研究中,为研究粗粒扇体沉积提供了新的思路,为玛湖滚动勘探及井位论证提供了可靠地质依据。     

典型构造蚀变岩型金矿远景资源量数学模型与预测

数学模型是矿床深部资源量定量化预测一个重要手段,其中品位-吨位模型是一个广泛应用的数学模型,在该模型中,远景资源量为研究区源岩中成矿元素总量的函数。利用该模型,计算胶东构造蚀变岩型金矿远景资源量时,发现由于成矿源岩范围难以确定,而使模型应用准确性受到制约。基于断裂带蚀变岩型金矿的特征,修正了品位-吨位模型。在修正后的模型中,远景资源量为蚀变岩总质量的函数,另包括3个参数:蚀变区元素背景含量(由多标度分形决定)、元素工业品位及矿体品位分布分维值。利用修正后的品位-吨位模型,有效地估算了胶东大尹格庄金矿-1000m以上的理想金属量,得出远景矿石量为5.26×107t,金属量为2.89×105kg,与实际地质情况相吻合。     

将微粒群和支持向量机用于耕地驱动因子选择的研究

结合微粒群算法(PSO)具有执行速度快、受问题维数变化影响小的优点及支持向量机算法(SVM)结构风险最小化原理,构建了基于离散二进制微粒群(BPSO)与支持向量机的耕地驱动力因子选择方法,使用特征子集中确定的特征来训练支持向量回归机,用适应度函数来评价回归机的性能,指导BPSO的搜索。实验表明,该方法能有效地提取出耕地驱动因子的特征子集,从而降低了指标的维数,保留了关键信息,以获得知识的最小表达。     

基于ESPRIT算法的极化干涉SAR植被高度反演研究

由于存在着去相干分量,利用ESPRIT(旋转不变技术)算法对植被区域的极化干涉SAR(PollnSAR)数据进行反演的结果有较严重偏差.针对这一问题,结合极化干涉相干最优理论及其物理散射机制,引入新的散射矢量——相干最优化散射矢量,提出一种改进的基于ESPRIT的植被高度反算法.最后,利用欧空局(ESA)提供的模拟L波...     

水平井分段完井不同分段模式优化研究

运用势的叠加原理和镜像反映原理,导出了水平井任意分段模式下井筒与油藏渗流耦合产能计算模型,用该模型可以计算任意分段模式下来平井的产能,通过对比不同分段模式下的水平井产能,可以对分段进行优化,从而指导分段完井方案的制定.研究结果表明:当打开程度一定时,不同分段模式对产量影响不大;产量随着打开程度的提高而增加,但当打开程度大于40％时,产量增幅趋于平缓,因此,打开程度必须大于打开临界程度,这样既减小了因分段而牺牲的产量又达到了分段的目的;井筒摩阻对产量影响较大,在进行分段优化时,必须考虑井筒摩阻的影响,从而优选盲管段的位置.