综合应用模型正演及地震瞬时属性预测薄层展布——以平湖油气田某薄层油藏为例

应用地震储层预测技术检测薄层一直是地震技术中的难题之一,薄层展布能否检测受很多因素影响。以平湖油气田某薄层油藏为例,应用模型正演及与实际地震反射特征对比的方法研究了该薄层油藏地震响应特征,应用地震瞬时属性预测了薄层平面展布。结合沉积背景及单井相分析认为,该薄层为小型河流三角洲沉积体系,沉积相带分布清楚。预测结果与实钻结果吻合良好,为油藏经济有效开发奠定了基础。     

基于H.264编码标准的远程视频采集系统的设计与实现

通过对如何构建远程视频采集(监控)系统的关键技术进行了较深入的研究,解决了非宽带环境下视频数据连续性和视频数据丢包等问题,视频编解码使用H.264压缩卡完成。     

Relative sea-level control on the building of two distinct shelf-margin clinothems on the late-Quaternary Pearl River margin: Insights from numerical stratigraphic forward modelling

As one of the most important forcing factors, relative sea-level changes exert a major influence on the building of shelf-margin clinothems. However, it is still not well understood how these changes control the growth of shelf edges and the condition of sediments transporting into deep water, especially over the individual-clinothem scale of several 100 ky. On the late-Quaternary Pearl River margin, there are two distinct shelf-margin clinothems: SQ3 and SQ4. They have different shelf-edge trajectories (slight rising vs. steep rising) and different styles of deep-water deposition (fan lobes consisting mainly of MTDs vs. fan lobes consisting mainly of turbidites). This work takes those SQ3 and SQ4 as study objects and runs a total of 136 experiments from the Dionisos stratigraphic forward model to investigate how relative sea-level changes control the trajectories of shelf edges and the volumes of MTDs in deep water over the individual-clinothem scale. Our quantitative results suggest that under the geological background of high sediment supply on the late-Quaternary Pearl River margin, the duration of highstand systems tracts (HST) relative to lowstand systems tracts (LST) or forced regressive systems tracts (FST) has a significant influence on the building of individual shelf-margin clinothems. If the relative duration of HST is either very short or very long, slight-rising shelf-edge trajectories and large-volume MTDs would be formed, whereas if the relative duration of HST is comparable with LST or FST, steep-rising shelf-edge trajectories and limited MTDs would be formed. Through the constrains of the model set to the real geological condition of the SQ3 and SQ4 clinothems, it is found that SQ3 was caused by the quite long relative duration of HST, which made highstand deltaic systems advance over the pre-existing shelf-slope break, leading to significant accretion and instability of the shelf edge and thus, giving rise to the formation of slight-rising shelf-edge trajectories and fan lobes with high MTDs contents. SQ4, however, formed as a result of the comparable durations of HST, LST, and FST, which made highstand deltaic systems advance to but not beyond the previous shelf-slope break allowing the subsequent FST to be directly perched on the clinoform slope. Such building processes did not drive pronounced accretion and instability of the shelf edge and thus, caused the formation of steep-rising shelf-edge trajectories and fan lobes with low MTDs contents.     

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GNSS掩星电离层的三频观测数据模拟与反演

由三维射线追踪微分方程推出掩星三维直角坐标射线追踪的矩阵方程,对实现射线追踪的具体步骤进行讨论。采用NeQuick 作背景模拟夜间和白天的掩星电离层三频载波相位延迟观测数据,采用双频绝对TEC反演法对白天模拟数据进行反演,并比较3种不同频率组合对反演结果的影响。结果表明,在附加相位延迟等精度观测条件下,L1 L5组合获得的反演结果与模式值最为吻合。     

有限元直接迭代算法及其在线源频率域电磁响应计算中的应用

采用有限元直接迭代算法实现了线源频率域测深电磁响应的二维正演计算. 首先给出了线源正演问题的有限元直接迭代格式,然后由迭代法进行求解. 在处理奇异源问题上,采用向内递推的组合网格技巧,在源点附近可进行局部加密,并实现粗细网格的对接,从而较好地解决了奇异源附近的计算问题. 还提出一种迭代求取全区视电阻率的方法,避免了远近区的划分. 通过对均匀半空间、层状介质和二维模型电磁响应的计算,获得了与大地电磁测深相似的视电阻率曲线,验证了算法的正确性;通过对计算结果的分析,在理论上说明了线源频率域近区测深的可行性.     

线圈耦合距对坑道瞬变电磁场的影响与校正方法

目前,地面瞬变电磁法凭借其优势已被广泛用于煤矿水文地质勘查中,然而,在野外实际勘探中,复杂地形环境常导致发射源几何形状的改变与信号接收偏差,降低了勘探精度。为此,采用理论分析、数值模拟和实际地形数据分析相结合的方式,系统研究了复杂地形条件下电性源与磁性源瞬变电磁场的响应特征。首先,基于二阶后退欧拉离散的矢量有限元正演模拟技术,详细探讨了山峰和山谷地形位于接收点和发射源位置时,对两种源系统的影响规律。结果表明：电性源系统会出现响应变号现象,源导线位置高于周围地形时响应增强,反之则被削弱;而磁性源无变号现象,但响应变化规律与电性源类似。其次,利用实测地形数据,采用四面体网格建立与实际地形高度吻合的三维正演模型。模拟结果显示：早期响应曲线能够清晰反映地形细节,曲线形态与地形特征一致;而晚期响应则逐渐趋于平缓,体现了深部背景的影响。研究成果可为复杂地形条件下瞬变电磁法的勘探装置布设、数据采集、处理和解释提供理论指导,对提高煤矿水文地质勘探精度具有重要意义。

     

三维前方交会法在圆形高耸建筑物变形监测中的应用

介绍用三维前方交会法对圆形高耸建筑物变形进行全面监测的原理和方法,以实例说明该法是可行的。