中国沿岸现代海平面变化及未来趋势分析

本文用线性回归分析方法，分１９８５年以前和１９９２年以前两个时段，对我国沿岸２５个验潮站近百年来的海平面资料进行了系统分析，计算了两个时段相对海平面变化的年速率和平均海面高度，论述了海平面变化的主要控制因素，并对未来海平面变化趋势进行了预测。计算结果表明，近百年来我国沿岸相对海平面在总体上不但持续上升，而且近年来上升速率普遍加快；根据海平面变化的主要控制因素变化趋向，预计到下世纪中叶前后，全球性海平面大幅度上升的可能性不大，我国沿岸区域性海乎面平均上升幅度不超过１５ｃｍ，不同岸段因地壳升降差异性大而有较大差别。     

珠江三角洲及珠江口海区的空气微生物含量

１９９４年６，７月，调查了广州、深圳、珠海及珠江口海区的空气微生物粒子沉降量状况。发现空气微生物粒子总量、真菌粒子量、真菌粒子数／总菌粒子数百分比在三市中不一致。这三种数据一般是陆上的高于海上。随着距陆的增加，都市影响的减弱和海面的开阔，空气微生物含量呈减少之势，显示出海洋新鲜空气对陆上污染空气的调节、净化作用。文中还分析了空气微生物有关参数与气温、风力或相对湿度间的相关关系。     

Circulations east of Taiwan and in East China Sea and east of Ryukyu Islands during early summer 1985

Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ　ｅａｓｔ　ｏｆ　Ｔａｉｗａｎ　ａｎｄ　ｉｎ　Ｅａｓｔ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｓｅａ　ａｎｄ　ｅａｓｔ　ｏｆ　Ｒｙｕｋｙｕ　Ｉｓｌａｎｄｓ　ｄｕｒｉｎｇ　ｅａｒｌｙ　ｓｕｍｍｅｒ　１９８５ＹｕａｎＹａｏｃｈｕ；Ｃｈｏ－ｔｅｎｇＬｉｕ；Ｐ...     

三门湾春季温排水增温效应数值模拟研究

采用ECOMSED模式和2012年5月份现场温盐、潮流以及气象观测资料,对三门湾核电站冷却水排放所致海水增温效应进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,在近期工程建成后,三门湾海水增温范围主要出现在排水口附近,表层增温幅度最大,底层增温幅度最小,在月度时间内,表底层增温范围有大、小极值变化。在全部工程完成后,温排水量大幅提高,三门湾表层海水增温1℃的范围将稳定影响较大面积,4℃增温范围较小。在月度时间内,表底层增温范围大、小极值变化幅度也将增大。     

IHO出版物分类及其发展展望

国际海道测量组织是海道测量领域全球唯一的国际性、政府间、技术咨询组织,长期主导着标准和技术的发展方向,先后发布了多种出版物。研究了IHO出版物的分类、出版物主要内容,分析了IHO出版物的发展趋势,最后提出了相关的工作建议。     

海底沉积物类型判别及其平面分布图绘制

介绍了用Microsoft Excel软件对海洋碎屑沉积物类型进行判别的方法,包括函数的调用和具体操作过程。该方法操作简单、快捷,使对大量样品进行沉积物类型的判别变得极其容易。同时,对传统的海底沉积物类型分布图的绘制进行了改进,形成了一套较为简便、实用的方法。     

Failure Pressure Analysis of Corroded Moderate-to-High Strength Pipelines

Based on the elastic-plastic, large-deformation finite element method, burst capacity of steel pipeline with longitudinal corrosion defect subjected to internal pressure is studied. The appropriate stress-based criterion is used to predict the failure pressure of finite element model of corroded pipeline under internal pressure. By considering the pipe steel grades and geometries of corrosion defects, a series of finite element analyses is conducted. The effects of corrosion depth, length and width on burst capacity are also discussed. A specific failure pressure solution for the assessment of corrosion defects in moderate-to-high strength pipeline is proposed on the base of numerical results. The failure pressures predicted by the proposed method are in better agreement with the experimental results than the results by the other methods.     

Application of a vanishing, quasi-sigma, vertical coordinate for simulation of high-speed, deep currents over the Sigsbee Escarpment in the Gulf of Mexico

Recent observations over the Sigsbee Escarpment in the Gulf of Mexico have revealed extremely energetic deep currents (near 1 m s⁻¹), which are trapped along the escarpment. Both scientific interest and engineering needs demand dynamical understanding of these extreme events, and can benefit from a numerical model designed to complement observational and theoretical investigations in this region of complicated topography. The primary objective of this study is to develop a modeling methodology capable of simulating these physical processes and apply the model to the Sigsbee Escarpment region. The very steep slope of the Sigsbee Escarpment (0.05–0.1) limits the application of ocean models with traditional terrain-following (sigma) vertical coordinates, which may represent the very complicated topography in the region adequately, can result in large truncation errors during calculation of the horizontal pressure gradient. A new vertical coordinate system, termed a vanishing quasi-sigma coordinate, is implemented in the Navy Coastal Ocean Model for application to the Sigsbee Escarpment region. Vertical coordinate surfaces for this grid have noticeably gentler slopes than a traditional sigma grid, while still following the terrain near the ocean bottom. The new vertical grid is tested with a suite of numerical experiments and compared to a classical sigma-layer model. The numerical error is substantially reduced in the model with the new vertical grid. A one-year, realistic, numerical simulation is performed to simulate strong, deep currents over the Escarpment using a very-high-resolution nested modeling approach. The model results are analyzed to demonstrate that the deep-ocean currents in the simulation replicate the prominent dynamical features of the observed intense currents in the region.     

海洋主体功能区划与海洋功能区划关系研究

开展海洋主体功能区划与海洋功能区划的关系和衔接研究,是保障两者在我国海洋事业中充分发挥各自作用的基础.本文从编制及实施2个方面理顺海洋主体功能区划与海洋功能区划的关系,促进两者在实际工作中的相互结合.     

井下双向流动阀防漏失技术在埕岛油田的应用

埕岛油田位于渤海西南部极浅一浅海地区,是一个大型潜山披覆构造油田。随着埕岛油田开采力度加强,地层亏空十分严重,作业过程中的地层漏失是困绕埕岛油田油层保护的一大难题。据此介绍了胜利油田海上埕岛油田油层保护的一项新技术——井下双向流动阀防漏失技术的应用情况,阐述了井下双向流动阀的结构、原理以及应用后对油层保护所起到的作用。