遗迹化石--复理石中重要的示底构造

复理石相中丰富的原生生物沉积构造－遗迹化石是该地层的良好示底构造。（１）典型的遗迹化石如Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ,Ｇｒａｎｕｌａｒｉａ本身是工的极好生物成因构造,（２）浊流事件前的Ｎｅｒｅｉｔｅｓ相遗迹化石占复理相中遗迹化石总量的大多数,主要保存于浊积砂岩底面且主要为下凸良形成雕画迹,指示岩层底面,（３）泥岩层面遗迹化石以凹状、填平补状刘为主,内部纹饰较发育,指示岩层顶面,加强贵迹化石示底标志的研究应是今后值得重视的研究内容。     

西藏朗杰学群复理石粒度特征及沉积环境分析

西藏朗杰学群作为雅鲁藏布江结合带洋板块地层序列的重要组成部分,其形成的环境对研究特提斯构造运动具有重要的意义。论文系统总结了朗杰学群的岩石组合特征、构造变形特征; 通过鲍马序列的识别,建立了4种基本层序; 根据物质组成、结构构造及层序分析,认为其发育海底扇相模式,整体属浊积扇内扇-外扇亚相环境,发育少部分主水道亚相的砂砾岩沉积,具有鲍马层序由A、C段向B、C、D和C、D、E段组合转变的特点,反映了由高流态向低流态转变的特征。运用粒度分析对朗杰学群物质成分的成熟度、分选性、搬运及沉积的形式进行了探讨,认为其与哈德逊浊积扇和现代深海阿里斯托亚扇的粒度曲线相似,应属重力流沉积中的浊流沉积类型,指示其形成于大陆斜坡环境。     

川西雅江晚三叠世复理石盆地砂岩特征

雅江三叠纪复理石盆地是巴颜喀拉海盆的重要组成部分，晚三叠世沉积了厚度巨大的复理石地层，其中砂岩属特征夹层。根据1：25万区域地质调查资料和剖面研究，在详细观察描述砂岩宏观特征的基础上，通过薄片鉴定等方法，详细研究了其物质成分及结构特征，指出其成分成熟度为中等至较高，结构成熟度较低，探讨了砂岩的物质来源。     

The Northern Carpathians plate tectonic evolutionary stages and origin of olistoliths and olistostromes

The olistostromes formed in Northern Carpathians during the different stages of the development of flysch basins, from rift trough post-rift, orogenic to postorogenic stage. They are known from the Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene and Early Miocene flysch deposits of main tectonic units. Those units are the Skole, Subsilesian, Silesian, Dukla and Magura nappes as well as the Pieniny Klippen Belt suture zone. The oldest olistoliths in the Northern Carpathians represent the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rifting and post-rifting stage of the Northern Carpathians and origin of the proto-Silesian basin. They are known from the Upper Jurassic as well as Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous formations. In the southern part of the Polish Northern Carpathians as well as in the adjacent part of Slovakia, the olistoliths are known in the Cretaceous- Paleocene flysch deposits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt Zlatne Unit and in Magura Nappe marking the second stage of the plate tectonic evolution - an early stage of the development of the accretionary prism. The most spectacular olistostromes have been found in the vicinity of Haligovce village in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and in Jaworki village in the border zone between the Magura Nappe and the Pieniny Klippen Belt. Olistoliths that originated during the second stage of the plate tectonic evolution occur also in the northern part of the Polish Carpathians, in the various Upper Cretaceous-Early Miocene flysch deposits within the Magura, Fore-Magura, Dukla, Silesian and Subsilesian nappes. The Fore-Magura and Silesian ridges were destroyed totally and are only interpreted from olistoliths and exotic pebbles in the Outer Carpathian flysch. Their destruction is related to the advance of the accretionary prism. This prism has obliquely overridden the ridges leading to the origin of the Menilite-Krosno basin.

In the final, postcollisional stage of the Northern Carpathian plate tectonic development, some olistoliths were deposited within the late Early Miocene molasse. These are known mainly from the subsurface sequences reached by numerous bore-holes in the western part of the Polish Carpathians as well as from outcrops in Poland and the Czech Republic.

The largest olistoliths (kilometers in size bodies of shallow-water rocks of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age) are known from the Moravia region. The largest olistoliths in Poland were found in the vicinity of Andrychów and are known as Andrychów Klippen. The olistostromes bear witness to the processes of the destruction of the Northern Carpathian ridges. The ridge basement rocks, their Mesozoic platform cover, Paleogene deposits of the slope as well as older Cretaceous flysch deposits partly folded and thrust within the prism slid northward toward the basin, forming the olistostromes.     

西秦岭造山带中三叠统复理石相研究

文中主要论点是:1)区内中三叠统属巨厚复理石相,它清楚地显示出以浊流为主的深水块体流沉积的各种标志性特征;2 )巨厚沉积序列的粒度和层厚自下而上呈规律性变粗变厚,构成完整的进积型沉积序列;3)除块体流沉积外,还发现深水牵引流沉积与浊积岩相伴而生,如等深积岩和内波、内潮汐沉积,由其形成的沉积构造丰富多样,如不同类型,不同规模的交错层理极为常见,它们在层面上相应形成不同特征的水流波痕;4)从有否粗粒水道沉积、垂直序列有否规律性变化、古水流特征和丰富的相类型 4个方面分析认为,属于不成熟被动边缘的海底扇。     

瑞士阿尔卑斯山地质考察纪实

本文概述了瑞士地质单元基本特征和地质演化过程。详细记述的内容为:汝拉山侏罗纪地层和构造;磨拉石盆地中海相和陆相磨拉石沉积;海尔微第带的推覆构造、复理石沉积、华力西地块;平宁带中的蛇绿混杂岩、闪光片岩、低温高压变质岩(蓝闪石片岩、榴辉岩),活化基底和盖层推覆体;奥地利阿尔卑斯—南阿尔卑斯仰冲叠覆体中的基底和未受变质的南大陆边缘的浅水碳酸盐岩及断陷盆地内较深水放射虫硅质岩。笔者提出,具有典型意义的瑞士阿尔卑斯碰撞造山带的研究成果对于深入研究我国西部造山带有着重要借鉴作用。     

Calcium distribution in soils and stream sediments in Istria (Croatia) and the Slovenian littoral

For experimental geochemical mapping soil was sampled in 5×5 km regular grid in Istria and the Slovenian littoral (Croatia and Slovenia). The territory consists predominantly of karstified limestones and dolomites, and of flysch beds exposed in two basins, Istrian and Brkini. In addition to soil, stream sediment was also collected in the flysh area. Sampling was performed according to an analysis of variance design that permitted one to estimate the effects of the sample medium, geographic position, sampling error and analytical error. The analysis of variance of chemical variables indicated that soil and stream sediment as sampling media lead to similar results in producing geochemical maps. The largest differences with respect to the lithologic substrate of soil is indicated by calcium. As shown by the geochemical map, calcium in soil is high on the Istrian flysch beds, and low on limestones as well as on the flysch beds of the Brkini basin. The two soils also differ in mineralogy. The reason for this difference seems to lie in soil genesis on limestone and on flysch, and in the variable calcium content of flysch beds. The results of Q-mode factor analysis confirmed the adherence of soil and stream sediment of the two flysch basins to two differing groups. This difference was discovered by geochemical mapping. The hypothesis of differing calcium content in the rocks of the two basins was confirmed by the investigation of fresh and weathered rocks and soils in eight profiles sampled in the Brkini and Istrian flysch basin. It was found that the sandstone and calcarenitic samples from the Istrian basin contain an average factor of 3.5 more Ca than those of the investigated Brkini basin, and the samples of Istrian marls 4 times more Ca than those of the Brkini siltstones. Furthermore, the investigated weathered rocks and soils that originated from these rocks in the Istrian basin contain considerably more Ca than in the Brkini basin. In comparison with sandstone and siltstone samples of the Brkini basin, sandstone, calcarenite and marl samples of the Istrian flysch basin contain less clay minerals, quartz and feldspars and more calcite.     

川西复理石区填图方法的新进展

四川区调队在近年的区调中,应用基本层序、层序地层、海底浊积扇等理论和方法,对川西松潘－甘孜造山带复理石区的填图方法进行了新的探索。本文对其进行了初步总结。     

Mesozoic syncollision siliciclastic sediments of the Bols’shoi Lyakhov Island (New Siberian Islands)

Graywackes and shales of the Bols’shoi Lyakhov Island originally attributed to the Mesozoic were subsequently considered based on microfossils as the Late Proterozoic in age. At present, these sediments in the greater part of the island are dated back to the Permian based on palynological assemblages. In the examined area of the island, this siliciclastic complex is intensely deformed and tectonically juxtaposed with blocks of oceanic and island-arc rocks exhumed along the South Anyui suture. The complex is largely composed of turbidites with members displaying hummocky cross-stratification. The studied mineral and geochemical characteristics of the rocks defined three provenances of clastic material: volcanic island arc, sedimentary cover and/or basement of the ancient platform, and exotic blocks of oceanic and island-arc rocks such as serpentinites and amphibolites. All the rock associations represent elements of an orogenic structure that originated by collision of the New Siberian continental block with the Anyui-Svyatoi Nos island arc. Flyschoid sediments accumulated in a foredeep in front of the latter structure in the course of collision. The Late Jurassic volcanics belonging to the Anyui-Svyatoi Nos island arc determine the lower age limit of syncollision siliciclastic rocks. Presence of Late Jurassic zircons in sandstones of the flyschoid sequence in Bols’shoi Lyakhov Island is confirmed by the fission-track dating. The upper age limit is determined by the Aptian-Albian postcollision granites and diorites intruding the siliciclastic complex. Consequently, the flyschoid sequence is within stratigraphic range from the terminal Late Jurassic to Neocomian. It appears that Permian age of sediments suggested earlier is based on redeposited organic remains. The same Late Jurassic-Neocomian age and lithology are characteristic of fossiliferous siliciclastic sequences of the Stolbovoi and Malyi Lyakhov islands, the New Siberian Archipelago, and of graywackes in the South Anyui area in Chukchi Peninsula. All these sediments accumulated in a spacious foredeep that formed in the course the late Cimmerian orogeny along the southern margin of the Arctic continental block.     

青海巴颜喀拉山三叠系复理石沉积粒度 概率累积曲线的特征

巴颜喀拉山群为碎屑岩复理石沉积。粒度概率累积曲线分析结果表明,完全为悬浮总体的浊积型曲线很少．曲线主要由牵引和悬浮总体组成。碎屑流是巴颜喀拉山群砂岩主要的成因类型。粒度参数特征表明,巴颜喀拉山盆地由早到晚平均粒径变粗、分选变好。风暴岩序列不同阶段粒度概率累积曲线形态不同,粒度曲线特征与被改造砂体的组成有关。