Urban land development intensity: New evidence behind economic transition in the Yangtze River Delta,China

Over the past 20 years, China has experienced multiple economic transitions characterized by marketization, globalization, decentralization, and urbanization; as a result, urban land development intensity (ULDI) has become a significant issue for sustainable development. As China’s largest globalized urban area, the rapid socio-economic development of the Yangtze River Delta has created a huge demand for urban land. We apply a theoretical framework for a four-dimensional analysis tool to understand the dynamic evolution of the ULDI in the context of economic transition. It reveals that marketization, globalization, decentralization, and urbanization affect the ULDI in the economic transition of Yangtze River Delta. Marketization, especially the continuous improvement of land marketization, optimizes the spatial allocation of land resources and encourages urban land users to improve ULDI. Globalization promotes the rapid growth of economy and population through an increase in foreign direct investment. In the process of decentralization, local governments rely on developing a mode of land finance, resulting in a disordered urban space and low ULDI. Population growth and agglomeration during urbanization stimulates residents’ consumption capacity and promotes economic growth, thus creating a greater demand for urban land. However, a low level of development and utilization restricts the improvement of development intensity. Economic development can improve the level of land-intensive use by promoting the adjustment, optimization, and upgrade of urban industrial structures.     

基于Silverlight的区域变迁演示系统的设计

各民族、各国家的区域范围在不同的发展时期大小不一。本文提出了基于Silverlight的区域变迁演示系统设计,以江东六十四屯区域演变为例,基于Silverlight,Bing Maps,Sql Server,Visual Studio.NET等关键技术与软件平台,将历史、地理知识与测绘地理信息高度结合,设计出表现力丰富、交互能力强的区域变迁演示系统,实现让单一的历史地图以生动活泼的新面貌向世人展示等功能。     

The effect of Newtonian cooling on vertically propagating magneto-acoustic waves in a thermally conducting isothermal atmosphere (II)

In this article, we examine reflection, dissipation and attenuation of vertically propagating waves in an isothermal atmosphere under the combined effect of Newtonian cooling, thermal conduction and viscosity with a weak horizontal magnetic field. We consider the case in which the combined effect of viscosity and magnetic field is dominated by that of the thermal conduction and for small values of the Newtonian parameter. As a result, the atmosphere can be divided into three distinct regions that are connected by two transition regions. The lower and middle regions are connected by a semi-transparent barrier and the middle and upper regions are connected by an absorbing and reflecting barrier. In the connecting barriers the reflection and transmission of the waves takes place. The presence of Newtonian cooling effects on the adiabatic region, produces attenuation in the amplitudes of the waves and reduces the energy absorption in the transition regions. The reflection coefficient is determined in the lower and middle regions and the results are discussed in the context of the heating of the solar atmosphere.     

Analysis of flood propagation changes in the Kienstock—Bratislava reach of the Danube River/Analyse des changements de propagation des crues dans le tronçon Kienstock—Bratislava du Fleuve Danube

Abstract

In the first part of this study, a flood wave transformation analysis for the largest historical floods in the Danube River reach Kienstock–Bratislava was carried out. For the simulation of the historical (1899 and 1954) flood propagation, the nonlinear river model NLN-Danube (calibrated on the recent river reach conditions) was used. It was shown that the simulated peak discharges were not changed significantly when compared to their historical counterparts. However, the simulated hydrographs exhibit a significant acceleration of the flood wave movement at discharges of between 5000 and 9000 m³ s^-1. In the second part, the travel time-water level relationships between Kienstock and Bratislava were analysed on a dataset of the flood peak water levels for the period 1991–2002. An empirical regression routing scheme for the Danube short-term water level forecast at Bratislava station was derived. This is based on the measured water level at Kienstock gauging station.     

重力仪读数自动记录和数据预处理

目前在野外重力观测中普遍使用的国产重力仪,不具有自动记录和数据预处理功能,采用手工记录、人工计算方式。这种方式效率低,还容易引入一些由手工操作而带来的误差。本文所介绍的以PC-1500A袖珍计算机和数据采集接口实现的重力仪读数自动记录及数据预处理系统,可按规范要求自动记录重力观测读数,从而可防止野外记录和室内转抄计算时产生的差错,减少了大量的数据转抄、校对、复算、检查等繁琐劳动,极大地提高了重力观测的质量和效率。     

渔村社区转型管窥——湛江市遂溪县某渔村个案分析

随着渔业经济的发展，捕捞强度过大使得渔业资源严熏衰退，渔村社区面临转型的困境。以调查村为例从产业结构、管理体制、文化教育管理、生活方式等四个方面对其现实的状况与困境进行分析，并在此基础上提出转型的相应对策措施，以期为相关政府部门的决策提供参考和借鉴。     

Late Glacial fluvial response of the Niers‐Rhine (western Germany) to climate and vegetation change

The Niers valley was part of the Rhine system that came into existence during the maximum Saalian glaciation and was abandoned at the end of the Weichselian. The aim of the study was to explain the Late Pleniglacial and Late Glacial fluvial dynamics and to explore the external forcing factors: climate change, tectonics and sea level. The sedimentary units have been investigated by large‐scale coring transects and detailed cross‐sections over abandoned channels. The temporal fluvial development has been reconstructed by means of geomorphological relationships, pollen analysis and ¹⁴C dating. The Niers‐Rhine experienced a channel pattern change from braided, via a transformational phase, to meandering in the early Late Glacial. This change in fluvial style is explained by climate amelioration at the Late Pleniglacial to Late Glacial transition (at ca. 12.5 k ¹⁴C yr BP) and climate‐related hydrological, lithological and vegetation changes. A delayed fluvial response of ca. 400 ¹⁴C yr (transitional phase) was established. The channel transformations are not related to tectonic effects and sea‐level changes. Successive river systems have similar gradients of ca. 35–40 cm km^?1. A meandering river system dominated the Allerød and Younger Dryas periods. The threshold towards braiding was not crossed during the Younger Dryas, but increased aeolian activity has been observed on the Younger Dryas point bars. The final abandonment of the Niers‐Rhine was dated shortly after the Younger Dryas to Holocene transition. Traces of Laacher See pumice have been found in the Niers valley, indicating that the Niers‐Rhine was still in use during the Younger Dryas. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Factors controlling the chemical evolution of travertine‐depositing rivers of the Barkly karst,northern Australia

Groundwaters feeding travertine‐depositing rivers of the northeastern segment of the Barkly karst (NW Queensland, Australia) are of comparable chemical composition, allowing a detailed investigation of how the rate of downstream chemical evolution varies from river to river. The discharge, pH, temperature, conductivity and major‐ion concentrations of five rivers were determined by standard field and laboratory techniques. The results show that each river experiences similar patterns of downstream chemical evolution, with CO₂ outgassing driving the waters to high levels of calcite supersaturation, which in turn leads to widespread calcium carbonate deposition. However, the rate at which the waters evolve, measured as the loss of CaCO₃ per kilometre, varies from river to river, and depends primarily upon discharge at the time of sampling and stream gradient. For example, Louie Creek (Q = 0·11 m³ s^?1) and Carl Creek (Q = 0·50 m³ s^?1) have identical stream gradients, but the loss of CaCO₃ per kilometre for Louie Creek is twice that of Carl Creek. The Gregory River (Q = 3·07 m³ s^?1), O'Shanassy River (Q = 0·57 m³ s^?1) and Lawn Hill Creek (Q = 0·72 m³ s^?1) have very similar gradients, but the rate of hydrochemical evolution of the Gregory River is significantly less than either of the other two systems. The results have major implications for travertine deposition: the stream reach required for waters to evolve to critical levels of calcite supersaturation will, all others things being equal, increase with increasing discharge, and the length of reach over which travertine is deposited will also increase with increasing discharge. This implies that fossil travertine deposits preserved well downstream of modern deposition limits are likely to have been formed under higher discharge regimes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

渔村社区转型管窥--湛江市遂溪县某渔村个案分析

随着渔业经济的发展,捕捞强度过大使得渔业资源严重衰退,渔村社区面临转型的困境.以调查村为例从产业结构、管理体制、文化教育管理、生活方式等四个方面对其现实的状况与困境进行分析,并在此基础上提出转型的相应对策措施,以期为相关政府部门的决策提供参考和借鉴.     

GNSS/地磁组合的室内外无缝定位平滑过渡方法

针对室内外无缝定位在室内外过渡点精度低、不能平滑自动切换等问题,结合GNSS定位技术以及室内地磁指纹节点的组合方法来实现室内外无缝定位及导航。由于从室外至室内时接收机接收到的卫星星数减少、GDOP值逐渐增加、定位的误差增大,因此室内地磁定位精度逐渐优于GNSS定位精度,在两个定位精度临界点通过分析计算得出GDOP最优转化范围值,进行平稳切换。此次试验仿真结果表明,GDOP在3~3.5进行切换与单一GNSS或地磁方法定位的精度相比,分别提高85.7%和82.6%,从而达到了室内外的高精度无缝定位,填补了国内外在室内外无缝定位上没有合适的切换界定的空白。