中国东部新生代碱性玄武岩中的流体组成及其碳,氧同位素地球化学特征

利用热分解质谱法测定了中国东部新生代碱性玄武岩中流体挥发分的组成,并对不同温度段释放出的ＣＯ２气体测定了Ｃ,Ｏ同位素值,流体组成和ＣＯ２的Ｃ,Ｏ同位素值表明中国东部上地幔源区的不均一性,与其中所含幔源岩捕体相比,碱性玄武岩浆发育在相对氧化的环境中,并有外来流体组分的加入。     

用储层岩石抽提物的饱和烃色谱指纹识别油气层

利用储层岩石抽提物的饱和烃色 质总离子图的指纹特征判识储层的流体（油、气）类型。油层或油饱和的储层,饱和烃色 质总离子流图的特征是正构烷烃碳数分布宽,碳数分布在C₁₅～C₃₈之间,与原油样品的正构烷烃碳数分布相似;凝析气层的正构烷烃碳数分布略窄一些,碳数分布在C₁₅～C₃₅之间,低碳数（小于C₂₁）的正构烷烃相对于油层富集,高碳数（大于C₂₁）的正构烷烃丰度明显低于油层;干气层的正构烷烃碳数分布最窄,碳数分布在C₁₅～ C₂₈之间,只有低碳数的正构烷烃,高碳数的正构烷烃丰度极低。据此可用来识别油层、凝析气层和干气层,也可用于一些测井资料不全或测井质量差的老井的油气层复查、测井难以识别的火成岩油气层的识别,还可用于地层评价,为油气酸化层位的优选提供科学依据。     

板内橄榄玄粗岩(shoshonite)地幔流体交代作用及成因的元素地球化学证据:以赣南会昌橄榄玄粗岩为例

根据稀土元素和微量元素ICP-MS分析结果,通过对流体作用敏感的元素对比值(U/Th、Pb/Ce、Ba/La、Cs/Rb和Ce/Y等)的研究对比,为赣南会昌橄榄玄粗岩的形成有地幔流体交代作用参与提供了重要的地球化学证据.应用主元素氧化物(K2O、Na2O、FeOT、CaO、MgO和TiO2)与SiO2的变异分析,判明会...     

文13西块油藏岩石形变对采收率影响研究

低渗透、异常高压油藏弹性能量充足,储层欠压实,岩石易发生弹塑性变形。根据这些油藏特性,从达西定律的角度推导出了室内一维岩芯中最终采出程度与岩石物性变化的近似关系式,并引入渗透率变化因子分析采收率的影响因素,进而以文13西块油藏岩石为例,通过不同流体介质的渗透率压敏性试验,以及不同加压方式下渗透率变化试验,结合降压弹性开采试验和水驱物理模拟试验,以渗透率变化因子为基础,分析并讨论该类油藏的开采方法。结果表明：该类油藏在保持较慢降压速度、较高孔隙压力水平时,能够获得较高的油藏采收率。     

Numerical simulation of migration–accumulation of oil resources

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value to the evaluation of oil resources and to the determination of the location and amount of oil deposits. This thesis discusses the characteristics of petroleum geology and permeation fluid mechanics. For the three-dimensional problems of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, it puts forward a new model and a kind of modified method of upwind finite difference fractional steps implicit interactive scheme. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration–accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus, the well-known problem has been solved.     

Geochemisty and tectonic setting of igneous rocks in the Glenrock Station area,N.S.W.

In the Upper Murray Valley, Victoria, Late Silurian, high‐Si igneous rocks, which are closely associated with alkalic, basaltic dykes, were emplaced at high crustal levels following the peak of the Benambran Orogeny, which deformed and metamorphosed the Wagga Zone in Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian times. These rocks, which are informally termed ‘the Upper Murray high‐Si magmatic suite’, include leucogranites, rhyolite dykes and flows, and ash‐flow tuffs characterised by the following features. They are transitional from mildly peraluminous to mildly metaluminous; they represent relatively anhydrous magmas, in which halides were important volatile constituents; they have high Si, total alkalies, Rb, Th, U, Nb, Sn and heavy rare earth elements; and they are relatively repleted in Mg, Ca, Sr, Eu, V, Cr and Ni. In these respects and in their post‐orogenic setting and close association with alkalic basalts, they resemble many post‐orogenic granitoids from elsewhere. Such granitoids appear to have formed as partial melts during crustal extension following major episodes of deformation and high‐Si magmatism. A residual granulitic crust, from which an earlier generation of granitoid magmas had been extracted, is argued to be the source rock‐type for these post‐orogenic magmas. Tectonic extension, affecting such a crust, was accompanied by deep fracturing and basaltic vol‐canism. Mantle‐derived, CO₂‐ and halide‐rich fluids moved into the residual crust, causing widespread metasomatism, and emplacement of basaltic magma caused temperatures to rise until melting took place and a second group of magmas was produced. This model explains most aspects of the trace and major element chemistry of post‐orogenic, high‐Si igneous rocks and, for the Upper Murray high‐Si suite it also provides an explanation for variations in trace elements and isotopic characteristics. Other processes, such as crystal fractionation, magma mixing, thermogravi‐tational diffusion, and separation and loss of a volatile phase, provide explanations for variations within individual units of the suite, but they do not explain overall variations or the highly fractionated nature of the suite.     

Petrology and geochemistry of Early Tertiary volcanism of the Mendejin area,Iran, and implications for magma genesis and tectonomagmatic setting

The Mendejin area, NW Iran, is part of the western Alborz-Azarbaijan zone which is one of the most structurally—and magmatically-active zones of Iran. Volcanic rocks with calc-alkaline and, locally, alkaline features cover an extensive part of this zone. The Mendejin volcanic rocks, Eocene-Oligocene in age, include tuffs and volcanoclastic rocks of dacite, andesite, basaltic andesite, and basalt composition. Felsic (andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite) and basic rocks (basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite) commonly occur in successive layers. This alternation along with multiple occurrences of various types of tuffs suggests prolonged and successive magmatic activity during Eocene-Oligocene in NW Iran. Fractional crystallization has been the most important factor controlling geochemical characteristics of the magma. However, absence of linear correlations on variation diagrams of some immobile elements (such as Al₂O₃, TiO₂, P₂O₅ and Ga) and poorly-developed trends on variation diagrams of Na₂O, MgO, MnO, CaO, Fe₂O₃, Nb, Nd, Y, La, Ce, Th, Hf, Sc, Zn, V, Ni and Co versus SiO₂ indicate that, other than crystal (olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende, zircon, monazite and apatite) fractionation, crustal processes (such as assimilation) have also affected the chemistry of the Mendejin magma. It appears that the basic magma has originated from the mantle whereas the felsic magma resulted from modification in the mantle-derived magma by assimilation in an active continental margin.     

Association of Late Paleozoic Adakitic Rocks and Shoshonitic Volcanic Rocks in the Western Tianshan, China

The late Paleozoic adakitic rocks are closely associated with the shoshonitic volcanic rocks in the western Tianshan Mountains, China, both spatially and temporally. The magmatic rocks were formed during the period from the middle to the late Permian with isotopic ages of 248-268 Ma. The 87Sr/86Sr initial ratios of the rocks are low in a narrow variation range (-0.7050). The 143Nd/144Nd initial ratios are high (-0.51240) with positive εND(t) values (+1.28-+4.92). In the εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i diagram they fall in the first quadrant. The association of the shoshonitic and adakitic rocks can be interpreted by a two-stage model: the shoshonitic volcanic rocks were formed through long-term fractional crystallization of underplated basaltic magma, while the following partial melting of the residual phases formed the adakitic rocks.     

Distribution Characteristics of Effective Source Rocks and Their Control on Hydrocarbon Accumulation: A Case Study from the Dongying Sag, Eastern China

The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing     

酒西盆地南缘旱峡早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

酒西盆地旱峡和红柳峡等地有基性火山岩产出,它们曾一度被认为是新生代构造运动的产物。旱峡火山岩作为夹层产于早白垩世新民堡群下沟组地层中,火山岩气孔、杏仁构造发育。局部发育枕状构造,具明显的水下喷发特征。旱峡火山岩SiO2相对较低,K2O+Na2O不高,但钾相对较高。稀土总量为(211．875～237．454)×10^-6,轻稀土富集,(La/Yb)N为12．47—13．79;稀土配分曲线右倾、平滑,Ce为弱的负有异常,无Eu异常。在原始地幔标准化的微量元素蛛网图上,各元素均表现为相对富集,大离子亲石元素富集程度最高．有Nb,Ta槽,但相对于原始地幔不亏损;曲线表现为整体上隆的特征,表明其源区为富集地幔。旱峡火山岩与红柳峡粗玄质熔岩的稀土和微量元素的配分模式几乎完全相同,表明它们同源同期：运用多个玄武岩大地构造环境判别图解,最终确定洒西盆地早白垩世火山岩形成于大陆拉张环境。这与酒西盆地及其周围地区(酒泉盆地群)下白垩统构造特征和盆地群热演化特征一致。对酒西盆地火山岩形成构造背景的研究,对于深化酒西盆地构造演化特征有较为重要的意义。