大岗山水电站地下厂房稳定性的流固耦合计算分析

地下水对岩体的强度和变形有显著的影响,由于地下裂隙水的渗流作用,岩体强度降低,围岩稳定性减弱。为了有效反映地下裂隙水对大岗山地下洞室群围岩稳定性的影响,根据岩体流固耦合作用机理,采用FLAC3D计算程序对该工程体稳定进行了计算分析。计算结果表明,渗流的作用虽然致使围岩稳定性更加不利,但由于加固措施得当,运行期的洞室群整体已趋于稳定。     

辽河盆地荣兴屯地区中生界火山岩储集性能研究

运用火山岩岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、孔、渗及压汞分析等多种分析测试手段研究了辽河盆地荣兴屯地区中生界火山岩储集性能, 认为: (1) 火山岩储集空间以次生孔缝为主, 原生孔缝大多已被充填; (2) 孔喉狭窄, 平均连通孔喉半径一般在0.100~ 0.500 μm左右.孔喉分布主要有单峰型和平峰型两种; (3) 孔隙组合类型有微裂缝型、微裂缝-孔隙型和孔隙型3种, 并以前两种类型为主; (4) 孔隙度值在1.0 %~ 16.3%之间, 渗透率在0.0 12× 10-3 ~12×10-3 μm2, 属低孔特低渗储集层; (5) 储层非均质性强, 渗透率级差为10 0 0, 突进系数为12.41, 变异系数为2.3.根据上述特点提出了火山岩储集层划分方案; (6) 由于孔/喉比值较小, 火山岩储集层的压汞退出效率较高, 平均达47.9%, 预示了较高的油气产能.      

广西原状红粘土力学性状与水敏性特征

对广西原状红粘土的力学指标、胀缩特性与孔径分布随脱湿过程的演化规律进行了较为系统的室内试验研究。结果表明：广西原状红粘土为裂隙发育的硬塑性粘土,不同脱湿阶段的力学指标与胀缩性能在较高含水量范围内受基质吸力控制,在较低的含水量范围内主要受控于裂隙性;转折点处含水量与重型击实(干法备样)最优含水量相接近;原状红粘土的孔隙主要以孔径从0.01 μm～0.05 μm的小孔隙为主,在脱湿过程中,干密度增大,总孔隙体积减小,以0.01 μm～0.05 μm与0.1 μm～1.0 μm两个区间内孔隙体积减小最为明显。     

徐州矿区地裂缝成因机制的探讨

调查了徐州矿区几类非采矿沉陷造成的地裂缝的形态和环境,认为因构造、采矿、不均匀沉降产生的隐伏张裂隙是地裂缝的基础,干旱和超采浅层地下水使第四系浅部失水收缩激活和扩大了隐伏张裂隙。大雨后地裂缝显现,雨水沿裂隙面下渗时,发生潜蚀、刷大、贯通而造成塌陷。      

Ground fissure hazards in USA and China

IntroductionGround fissures are very popular each surface phenomena showing the discolltinue or broken of the earth surface. Usually, they occur accompanying with other geological hazards. Thereare many kinds of ground fissures: tectonic fissures, including fault fissures, eathquake fissures,volcanic fissures; slip-collapse fissures, including landslide fissures, mining fissures. Ground fissures have long history in China. The earliest ground fissures were recorded aboUt five thousandyears a…     

Frozen Ground Phenomena in the Vicinity of Terra Nova Bay, Northern Victoria land, Antarctica: A Preliminary Report

Frozen ground phenomena in the Northern Foothills, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, include large–scale polygons, 15–20 m in diameter, and small frost mounds, 1–5 m high. The polygons are most widespread on terrain formed upon Younger Drift and are usually surrounded by interpolygon furrows or troughs, 10–30 cm deep and 10–100 cm wide. The troughs contain shallow wedges of sandy gravel (sand wedges) near the surface but excavations into underlying permafrost indicate that small ice wedges or ice veins are locally present. Field and anecdotal evidence suggest that thermal contraction cracking is active under today's climate. Frost mounds occur in association with a number of perennially frozen lakes in the region. In most cases they appear related to frost and icing blister activity caused by the episodic injection of free water from below. The debris–covered nature of the centre of Enigma Lake is best explained in terms of basal ice accretion beneath the lake–ice cover.     

三维地震勘探在地裂缝探查中的应用

根据地裂缝改变层状地层的几何结构,破坏地层界面的连续性,引起地球物理场的变化等特征,应用三维地震勘探方法探查地裂缝。以长江三角洲WYGA地区三维地震勘探为例,论述了三维地震探查地裂缝数据采集方法、资料数字处理、资料解释等问题,结果显示,地质效果良好。      

电位法井间监测技术

在简要阐述电位法井间监测技术的基本理论及测试方法的基础上 ,通过大庆油田采油四厂杏 7- 2更 2 4井调剖工艺效果评价、大港油田港西三区一断块注水井注水推进方位测试及山西吉试 1井煤层压裂裂缝方位测试等现场应用实例 ,证实了电位法井间监测技术在油田开发、工艺措施评价及在煤层气勘探开发领域所发挥的重要作用 ,同时也进一步说明了该技术的实用性及今后的推广前景     

Horizontal aquifer movement induced by groundwater pumping and its applications to the analysis of some geological disasters

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河北涞源白石山地质公园“1.5Ga前地裂缝”新解

梁定益等(2002)研究认为太行山北段河北省涞源县白石山地质公园内存在一条与中元古代雾迷山组沉积时代相当的地裂缝构造,且地裂缝内填充由地震触发,重力垮塌形成的震积岩(含软沉积变形)。近期实地考察后,笔者等得出与上述观点不同的认识,即先前认为的地裂缝实为一条断裂带:震积岩为断裂带构造岩;断层主滑移带内发育S—C面理构造;断层角砾复杂结构是构造变形和压溶作用的结果;断裂整体表现为含正断层分量的走滑断层。结合太行山北段区域构造演化历史,本文提出该断裂最早形成于燕山运动期间,此后在区域构造应力作用下可能多次活动。