Hydrothermal Gold Mineralization at the Rodnikovoe Deposit in South Kamchatka, Russia

Abstract. The Rodnikovoe gold deposit situated in a presently active hydrothermal system located north of the Mutnovsko-Asachinskaya geothermal area in southern Kamchatka, Far Eastern Russia, consists of typical low-sulfidation quartz-adularia veins in a host rock of diorite. The age of the mineralization was dated by the K-Ar method as 0.9 to 1.1 Ma based on adular-ia collected from the veins. Representative ore minerals in the deposit are electrum, argentite, aguilarite, polybasite, pearceite and lenaite. Dominant alteration minerals are adularia, α-cristobalite, chlorite, illite and kaolinite. Hydrothermal solutions of neutral pH were responsible for the mineralization, which is divided into six stages defined by tectonic boundaries. Gold mineralization occurred in stages I and III. Hydrothermal brecciation occurred during stages III, IV and VI. Stages II, IV, V and VI were barren. The estimated ore formation temperature based on a fluid inclusion study is 150 to 250 °C at a depth of approximately 170 m below the paleo-water table. Boiling of hydrothermal fluids is hypothesized as the cause of the intermittent deposition of gold ore. The sulfur and oxygen fugacities during the deposition of anhydrite prior to the hydrothermal brecciation were higher than those during the gold mineralization stages. The occurrence in the hydrothermal breccia of fragments of high grade Au-Ag and polymetallic ores suggests that higher grade mineralization of these metal ores might have occurred in a deeper portion of the deposit.     

~(40)/Ar~(39)Ar Ages of Auriferous Quartz Veins from the Fengyang and Zhangbaling Regions and Their Geological Significance

1IntroductionAuriferousquartzveinsarecommonintheFengyangandZhangbalingregionsofAnhuiProvinceandtheyconstitutetheRongdu ,Zhuding ,Dagongshan ,MaoshanandShangchenggolddepositsandalotofgoldperspectives .TheRb SrisochronagesofalterationmineralsfromtheRongduandDagongshangolddepositsare (10 9.0± 4 .4 )Maand (15 3.76± 11.2 )Ma ,respectively (Dongetal .,1995 ) .Thereisalargedifferenceinagebetweenthetwogolddeposits ,butitcanbeseenthatthegolddepositswereformedinLateJurassictoEarlyCretaceous .A…     

福建福清黄塘硅质岩时代讨论及其意义

前人区调资料将福清黄塘地区发育的硅质岩划分为晚侏罗世长林组,但没有确切的时代证据。经调查研究,从岩石面貌、岩性组合、地球化学特征及沉积背景等方面进行区域对比,将该套硅质岩划为早三叠世溪口组角岩段。该地区早三叠世地层的发现对重新认识福建沿海乃至台湾海峡地区古生代一早三叠世的地质构造背景意义重大。     

腾冲、长白山年轻火山岩铀系不平衡热电离质谱法年代学研究

在国内首次建立了铀系不平衡热电离质谱法年轻火山岩年龄测定的试验流程,并研究了云南腾冲、吉林长白山天池火山岩的年龄。划分出腾冲晚更新世以来的5个喷发期次：220 ka、80 ka、20 ka、12.8~13 ka、0.75~0.79 ka和长白山天池全新世以来的3次喷发：5.3 ka、1.0 ka、0.75 ka。这些年龄值和其他的方法所得的结果基本一致,表明本方法的可靠性。此外,还介绍了铀系不平衡法火山岩年代学的基本原理,讨论了样品的封闭性、火山岩中钍同位素初始组成均一性等问题。     

滇中南中元古代撮科蛇绿混杂岩地质特征及构造背景

撮科蛇绿混杂岩出露于元江县撮科大寨及周边地区,受到后期构造作用影响发生一定的变质和变形。蛇岩性较为复杂,岩块与基质之间为断层接触。基质以硅质岩、熔结凝灰岩和花岗质砾岩为主,岩块的类型主要有辉石岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、闪长岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩等。其中,撮科蛇绿混杂岩中熔结凝灰岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb龄为(1 170±7) Ma(MSWD=0.54,n=12),花岗质砾岩基质具有单一的年龄,为(1 151±5) Ma(MSWD=1.3,n=17);辉长岩岩块的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(1 168±8) Ma(MSWD=0.72,n=17),斜长花岗岩岩块的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(1 163±9) Ma(MSWD=1.83,n=15),花岗斑岩岩块的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(1 186±6) Ma(MSWD=0.92,n=17)。这些年龄指示该蛇绿混杂岩形成于中元古代晚期。撮科蛇绿混杂岩中辉长岩REE标准化曲线整体表现较为平坦的右倾趋势,具有与E-MORB相似的稀土元素特征。在MORB标准化图解中Nb、Ta没有出现明显的负异常,极低的Zr/Nb(8.65)、La/Nb(1.05)、Ba/Nb(10.72)、Th/Nb(0.10)、Th/La(0.09)、Ba/La(10.56)、Zr/Hf(43.4)平均值,且微量元素判别投点主要落入板内玄武岩范围,指示撮科蛇绿混杂岩应属于MORB型蛇绿岩,可能形成于板块伸展的构造环境。熔结凝灰岩锆石的ε_Hf(t)值为-8.7 ~-4.7,平均值为-6.6,所有ε_Hf(t)均为负,Hf同位素模式年龄(t_DMC)为2 534~2 296 Ma,平均为2 408 Ma,指示熔结凝灰岩来自古元古代结晶基底的重熔。撮科蛇绿混杂岩的厘定,对重新认识原大红山群老厂河组的属性,研究扬子陆块西南缘中—新元古代岩浆和构造事件,划分扬子陆块基底大地构造单元具有重要意义。     

云开大山云开群地层时代和层序的研究现状与新认识

本文系统分析了目前确定云开群地质年代的同位素年龄数据和微古植物化石的可利用性和存在的问题,根据云开群牛辰坳组/兰坑组中化学沉积成因硅质岩测得的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄872.8±8.6 Ma,并结合云开群罗罅组变质英安斑岩中颗粒锆石分层蒸发法年龄922～940 Ma,确定了云开群的地质年代为新元古代青白口纪.按其时代和岩性序列特征将其与丹洲群和板溪群进行对比.文中指出前人建立并命名作为岩石地层单位的高州岩群和黄岭岩组不符合地层划分命名原则,因而是不恰当的.根据野外观察,对比研究岩性和追索构造展布,本文认为黄岭岩组中的沉积变质岩残留体可能就是云开群兰坑组地层.高州群其余两个组地层的地质年代和对比则还有待进一步的研究.     

青藏高原中段晚喜马拉雅期地壳综短量分析

通过共／轭剪切角变化及其与地壳缩短量的函数关系,计算了青藏高原中段晚喜马拉雅期地壳构造变形量。结果表明,晚喜马拉雅期青藏高原中段地壳在近南北方向发生了巨量缩短,平均缩短量达３０％;在近东西方向发生了巨量伸长,平均伸长量约７４％。青藏高原中段晚喜马拉雅期地壳应变量尚表现出明显的分区性与自北向南逐步减少的变化趋势。     

甘肃北山西涧泉子富碱高钾花岗岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS定年及其构造意义

位于甘肃北山南带的西涧泉子花岗岩体锆石的LA-ICP-MS年龄为266.1±2.2Ma、其Hf同位素的模式年龄为746～871Ma,εHf(t)=+1.3～+4.7,平均+2.7。西涧泉子花岗岩体以二长花岗岩为主,具有较高的SiO2含量(74.33%～76.67%)和Na2O+K2O含量(9.26%～9.57%),NK/A=0.9～1.08,富钾(Na2O/K2O1),属碱性系列;球粒陨石标准化分配模式图整体呈V字型,具相对平缓的富集轻稀土元素稀土配分模式,重稀土元素分馏不明显且相对亏损,Eu具有明显的负异常,δEu=0.10～0.16。在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图上,亏损Nb、Ba、Sr、Ti,富集Rb、Th、K。结合区域地质背景,认为西涧泉子富碱高钾花岗岩体受音凹峡二叠纪裂谷带的影响强烈,为壳幔混合成因,是后碰撞环境裂谷作用阶段的产物,进而确定该地区在中二叠世进入裂谷作用阶段。     

基于森林详查与遥感数据降尺度技术估算中国林龄的空间分布

森林的林龄结构及空间分布是评估区域尺度森林生态系统碳汇潜力的重要参数.以第五次全国森林详查获取的省级优势树种的平均林龄及分布面积为基础,以同期生长季节的NOAA/AVHRR NDVI遥感数据为辅助,在空间降尺度统计技术的支持下,得出了全国8km分辨率下的森林林龄的定量分布.结果表明:中国林龄在空间分布具有很大异质性.东...     

Assessment of widely used methods to derive depositional ages from detrital zircon populations

The calculation of a maximum depositional age(MDA)from a detrital zircon sample can provide insight into a variety of geological problems.However,the impact of sample size and calculation method on the accuracy of a resulting MDA has not been evaluated.We use large populations of synthetic zircon dates(N≈25,000)to analyze the impact of varying sample size(n),measurement uncertainty,and the abundance of neardepositional-age zircons on the accuracy and uncertainty of 9 commonly used MDA calculation methods.Furthermore,a new method,the youngest statistical population is tested.For each method,500 samples of n synthetic dates were drawn from the parent population and MDAs were calculated.The mean and standard deviation of each method ove r the 500 trials at each n-value(50-1000,in increments of 50)were compa red to the known depositional age of the synthetic population and used to compare the methods quantitatively in two simulation scenarios.The first simulation scenario varied the proportion of near-depositional-age grains in the synthetic population.The second scenario varied the uncertainty of the dates used to calculate the MDAs.Increasing sample size initially decreased the mean residual error and standard deviation calculated by each method.At higher n-values(>~300 grains),calculated MDAs changed more slowly and the mean resid ual error increased or decreased depending on the method used.Increasing the p roportion of near-depositional-age grains and lowering measurement uncertainty decreased the number of measurements required for the calculated MDAs to stabilize and decreased the standard deviation in calculated MDAs of the 500 samples.Results of the two simulation scenarios show that the most successful way to increase the accuracy of a calculated M DA is by acquiring a large number of low-uncertainty measurements(300300)approach is used if the calculation of accurate MDAs are key to research goals.Other acquisition method s,such as high-to moderate-precision measurement methods(e.g.,1%-5%,2σ)acquiring low-to moderate-n datasets(50300).Additionally,they are most susceptible to producing erroneous MDAs due to contamination in the field or laboratory,or through disturbances of the youngest zircon’s U-Pb systematics(e.g.,lead loss).More conservative methods that still produce accurate MDAs and are less susceptible to contamination or lead loss include:youngest grain cluster at 1σunce rtainty(YGC 1σ),youngest grain clusterat 2σuncertainty(YGC 2σ),and youngest statistical population(YSP).The ages calculated by these methods may be more useful and appealing when fitting calculated MDAs in to pre-existing chronostratigraphic frameworks,as they are less likely to be younger than the true depositional age.From the results of our numerical models we illustrate what geologic processes(i.e.,tectonic or sedimentary)can be resolved using MDAs derived from strata of different ages.