一种公交换乘路线智能选择的新方法

公交换乘问题是公共交通信息查询的重要内容,本文首先叙述了经典Dijkstra算法,并分析了其不适合公交网络最优路径选择的原因。然后提出了一种改进的Dijkstra算法,该算法将求解最短路径获得的站点作为搜索站点,并将这些站点及经过这些站点的线路构成换乘矩阵,结合换乘次数的要求,给出了基于Dijkstra的智能选择换乘线路的实现算法。最后通过一个实际算例说明改进的Dijkstra算法在公交换乘路线选择中应用的可行性。     

Research on Bulbous Bow Optimization Based on the Improved PSO Algorithm

In order to reduce the total resistance of a hull, an optimization framework for the bulbous bow optimization was presented. The total resistance in calm water was selected as the objective function, and the overset mesh technique was used for mesh generation. RANS method was used to calculate the total resistance of the hull. In order to improve the efficiency and smoothness of the geometric reconstruction, the arbitrary shape deformation (ASD) technique was introduced to change the shape of the bulbous bow. To improve the global search ability of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm was proposed to set up the optimization model. After a series of optimization analyses, the optimal hull form was found. It can be concluded that the simulation based design framework built in this paper is a promising method for bulbous bow optimization.     

BP神经网络精度估计及其在海洋油气资源预测中的应用

在对BP算法进行深入分析的基础上,将测量数据处理与误差理论中的精度评定方法应用到BP神经网络的精度估计中,通过分别计算BP神经网络学习训练过程及预测过程的输出层中误差,实现对神经网络模型的精度评定。最后以海洋油气资源预测为例,结合实测资料建立了BP神经网络预测模型并分别进行了学习训练过程及预测过程的精度评定,以期为神经网络模型结构的优化设计提供有效参考,为提高神经网络模型的适用性提供科学依据。     

Minimal Time Ship Routing Using IRS-P4 (MSMR) Analyzed Wind Fields

Minimal time ship routing is studied between Mumbai port (India) to Mombasa port (Kenya) using model hindcast wave climate over the Arabian Sea. With the launch of IRS-P4 (OCEANSAT-I), it became possible now to carry out routine wave hindcasting over the Indian Ocean. The MSMR channel of the satellite gives scalar wind, which is analyzed at NCMRWF, India, for converting to vector winds. The same is used as input to third-generation spectral wave model WAM for regional grid system for simulating the rough weather period of July 2000. This simulated wave climate formed the basis for computing effective ship velocity in the irregular seaway. This study gives a quantitative estimation of change in ship velocity in the open Indian Ocean for a bulk carrier. The minimal time path is charted using Dijkstra's algorithm for optimum route voyage. The optimum track information has broad scope for obtaining a safer route, least time route by avoiding delay in schedule with minimum fuel consumption.     

South Africa's coastal-breeding white-breasted cormorants: population trends,breeding season and movements,and diet

White-breasted cormorants Phalacrocorax [carbo] lucidus breed around South Africa's coast and at inland localities. Along the coasts of the Northern, Western and Eastern Cape provinces, numbers breeding were similar during the periods 1977–1981 (1 116 pairs at 41 localities) and 2008–2012 (1 280 pairs at 41 localities). Along the coast of KwaZulu-Natal (not counted in 1977–1981), 197 pairs bred at nine localities in 2008–2012, when the overall number breeding around South Africa's coastline was about 1 477 pairs. Between the two study periods, numbers decreased in the Northern and Western Cape provinces following the loss of several breeding localities, but they increased in the Eastern Cape. In the Western Cape, however, numbers were stable east of Cape Agulhas and at nine well-monitored West Coast localities that were surveyed from 1978 to 2012. White-breasted cormorants breed throughout the year, with breeding at some localities more seasonal than at others and the timing of peaks in breeding varying at and between localities. In the vicinity of Saldanha Bay/Langebaan Lagoon (Western Cape), in Algoa Bay (Eastern Cape) and in northern KwaZulu-Natal, it is likely that birds moved between breeding localities in different years, although breeding often occurred at the same locality over several years. Human disturbance, presence of predators, competition for breeding space and occurrence of breeding by other waterbirds may influence movements between colonies. Securing sufficient good habitat at which white-breasted cormorants may breed will be important for conservation of the species. The species may breed at an age of 4 years, possibly younger. The bulk of their diet around South Africa's coast consists of inshore marine and estuarine fish species that are not intensively exploited by humans.     

Modal Identification of Offshore Platforms Using Statistical Method Based on ERA

Identification of modal parameters of a linear structure with output-only measurements has received much attention over the past decodes. In the paper, the Natural Excitation Technique (NEXT) is used for acquisition of the impulse signals from the structural responses. Then Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) is utilized for modal identification.For disregarding the fictitious ‘computational modes’, a procedure, Statistically Averaging Modal Frequency Method (SAMFM), is developed to distinguish the true modes from noise modes, and to improve the precision of the identified modal frequencies of the structure. An offshore platform is modeled with the finite element method. The theoretical modal parameters are obtained for a comparison with the identified values. The dynamic responses of the platform under random wave loading are computed for providing the output signals used for identification with ERA. Results of simulation demonstrate that the proposed method can determine the system modal frequency with high precision.     

Development of a Neural Network Algorithm for Retrieving Concentrations of Chlorophyll, Suspended Matter and Yellow Substance from Radiance Data of the Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner

An algorithm is presented to retrieve the concentrations of chlorophyll a, suspended pariclulate matter and yellow substance from normalized water-leaving radiances of the Ocean Color and Temperature Sensor (OCTS) of the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS). It is based on a neural network (NN) algorithm, which is used for the rapid inversion of a radiative transfer procedure with the goal of retrieving not only the concentrations of chlorophyll a but also the two other components that determine the water-leaving radiance spectrum. The NN algorithm was tested using the NASA's SeaBAM (SeaWiFS Bio-Optical Mini-Workshop) test data set and applied to ADEOS/OCTS data of the Northwest Pacific in the region off Sanriku, Japan. The root-mean-square error between chlorophyll a concentrations derived from the SeaBAM reflectance data and the chlorophyll a measurements is 0.62. The retrieved chlorophyll a concentrations of the OCTS data were compared with the corresponding distribution obtained by the standard OCTS algorithm. The concentrations and distribution patterns from both algorithms match for open ocean areas. Since there are no standard OCTS products available for yellow substance and suspended matter and no in situ measurements available for validation, the result of the retrieval by the NN for these two variables could only be assessed by a general knowledge of their concentrations and distribution patterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一种基于道路网分层的最短路径算法

D ijkstra算法是求解最短路径的经典算法,A*是目前最流行的启发式搜索算法,分析了这两种算法的搜索空间和时间复杂度。在此基础上,提出了一种基于道路网分层最短路径算法。实验证明:该算法是一种效率好、实用性强的最短路径算法。     

间接平差与矩阵QR分解

间接平差是最常用的平差方法,在采用法方程式进行解算时,由于各种客观原因可能会导致病态性的产生。主要探讨了采用QR分解进行误差方程式进行直接解算的算法,给出了等精度情况下、不等精度情况下和附有限制条件下间接平差的解算公式和精度评定公式,得出的计算公式对于测量平差的直接解算具有一定的参考意义。     

Estimation of characteristic parameters m region-time-length algorithm and its application

On the basis of gap＇s temporal-spatial characteristics in and around source area before an earthquake, we propose a method to estimate characteristic parameters （characteristic distance and time） in the region-time-length （RTL） algorithm and introduce the method of correlation coefficient developed by some authors in 2006 to determine the characteristic parameters. The anomalous seismic activities before four moderately strong earthquakes occurred in the northwestern and southwestern China in recent years are studied by the two methods. The results show that the method to estimate characteristic parameters advanced in this paper is a simple one, which possesses a physical meaning and is well applicable to the four moderately strong earthquakes studied.