全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1244篇 |
免费 | 204篇 |
国内免费 | 195篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 492篇 |
大气科学 | 197篇 |
地球物理 | 325篇 |
地质学 | 275篇 |
海洋学 | 158篇 |
天文学 | 30篇 |
综合类 | 133篇 |
自然地理 | 33篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 27篇 |
2020年 | 42篇 |
2019年 | 67篇 |
2018年 | 50篇 |
2017年 | 74篇 |
2016年 | 50篇 |
2015年 | 66篇 |
2014年 | 75篇 |
2013年 | 93篇 |
2012年 | 92篇 |
2011年 | 111篇 |
2010年 | 96篇 |
2009年 | 83篇 |
2008年 | 82篇 |
2007年 | 84篇 |
2006年 | 76篇 |
2005年 | 73篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 38篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 23篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1643条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
132.
由于GPS不能满足用户对室内定位的需求,研究并开发基于Wi-Fi和Android平台的室内定位系统,利用位置指纹匹配算法和Kalman滤波实现室内定位。实验结果表明,该系统具有良好的实时动态定位效果。 相似文献
133.
134.
在GPS/MEMS-INS(Micro-electromechanical System-Inertial Navigation System)组合导航中,当载体处于恶劣环境下或者载体处于大机动运动情况下,会导致GPS失锁。此时单独工作的低精度MEMS-INS会由于其位置和速度误差随着时间的变化而迅速积累最终无法导航。针对此问题,设计了一种结构简单易于实现的神经网络辅助的GPS/MEMS-INS组合导航系统。通过模拟实验,与标准卡尔曼滤波(KF)和无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)框架下组合导航相比,所提出的结构简单容易实现的神经网络辅助的组合导航系统具有较高的稳定性,并且组合导航整体过程中经纬度与速度精度均提高了65%左右。 相似文献
135.
Haishen Lü Xiaoli Li Zhongbo Yu Robert Horton Yonghua Zhu Zhenchun Hao Long Xiang 《水文研究》2010,24(25):3648-3660
Root zone soil water content impacts plant water availability, land energy and water balances. Because of unknown hydrological model error, observation errors and the statistical characteristics of the errors, the widely used Kalman filter (KF) and its extensions are challenged to retrieve the root zone soil water content using the surface soil water content. If the soil hydraulic parameters are poorly estimated, the KF and its extensions fail to accurately estimate the root zone soil water. The H‐infinity filter (HF) represents a robust version of the KF. The HF is widely used in data assimilation and is superior to the KF, especially when the performance of the model is not well understood. The objective of this study is to study the impact of uncertain soil hydraulic parameters, initial soil moisture content and observation period on the ability of HF assimilation to predict in situ soil water content. In this article, we study seven cases. The results show that the soil hydraulic parameters hold a critical role in the course of assimilation. When the soil hydraulic parameters are poorly estimated, an accurate estimation of root soil water content cannot be retrieved by the HF assimilation approach. When the estimated soil hydraulic parameters are similar to actual values, the soil water content at various depths can be accurately retrieved by the HF assimilation. The HF assimilation is not very sensitive to the initial soil water content, and the impact of the initial soil water content on the assimilation scheme can be eliminated after about 5–7 days. The observation interval is important for soil water profile distribution retrieval with the HF, and the shorter the observation interval, the shorter the time required to achieve actual soil water content. However, the retrieval results are not very accurate at a depth of 100 cm. Also it is complex to determine the weighting coefficient and the error attenuation parameter in the HF assimilation. In this article, the trial‐and‐error method was used to determine the weighting coefficient and the error attenuation parameter. After the first establishment of limited range of the parameters, ‘the best parameter set’ was selected from the range of values. For the soil conditions investigated, the HF assimilation results are better than the open‐loop results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
136.
实现了BDS/GPS/GLONASS三系统组合RTK定位算法,介绍了BDS/GPS/GLONASS三系统组合RTK数学模型,解决了多模融合导航定位时空基准统一问题,并针对附加模糊度参数的卡尔曼滤波函数模型,提出了一种确定实时动态定位中卡尔曼滤波参数的方法。编制了BDS/GPS/GLONASS RTK定位程序,并对28 m超短基线及31 km短基线实测数据进行了解算。对比分析了BDS、GPS、GLONASS、BDS/GPS、BDS/GLONASS、GPS/GLONASS、BDS/GPS/GLONASS七种模式下的定位结果。 相似文献
137.
采用蒸汽平衡法测定了4种温度(T=5、25、40、60℃)条件下Whatman No.42滤纸的率定曲线,建立了考虑温度影响的双线性率定曲线方程,发现滤纸的持水性能随温度升高而降低,且温度对率定曲线高吸力段滤纸持水性能的影响要弱于低吸力段。在此基础上,以南宁膨胀土为研究对象,使用滤纸法测定了不同温度作用下膨胀土试样的土-水特征曲线。试验结果表明,随着温度的升高,膨胀土持水性能下降,但温度的影响幅度会随着吸力的增大而减弱,当基质吸力达到40MPa时,不同温度下试样的体积含水率并没有明显变化,即此时温度对膨胀土的持水性能变化几乎无影响。为解释上述宏观现象,选取部分试样进行了压汞试验和吸附结合水试验,并根据试验结果从土体中各相及各相界面相互耦合作用的物理机制角度阐述了南宁膨胀土持水性能的温度效应及微观机制。 相似文献
138.
工程渣土在水洗砂过程中产生的洗砂泥浆存在脱水效果差、不稳定的问题,这与泥浆的脱水性能密切相关。通过模拟现场洗砂工艺获得不同脱水性能的洗砂泥浆,开展了改进滤失试验及模拟压滤试验,研究了洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂工艺的影响规律,获得了一种能够快速表征泥浆脱水性能的指标,用以指导优化渣土洗砂工艺。结果表明:洗砂泥浆脱水性能受洗砂粒径和加水量影响明显,滤失量及渗透系数与脱水性能有较好的相关关系;而30 min滤失量与最终滤失量、最终泥饼含水率呈现较好的相关性,能够较准确地反映泥浆脱水性能;经模拟压滤试验进一步验证,30 min滤失量可以作为洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速表征指标。基于此提出了一套洗砂泥浆脱水性能的快速检测及工程渣土洗砂工艺优化方法,能够及时为洗砂工艺参数调整提供指导,以获得脱水性能较优的洗砂泥浆,最终使脱水效果得以改善和稳定。 相似文献
139.
泥水盾构工法被广泛应用于高压富水复杂地质环境中修筑隧道,其中开挖面稳定控制是工程成败的关键,在盾构掘进时,由于刀盘不断旋转切削地层,开挖面上的泥膜处于“形成―破坏―再形成”的动态循环过程,泥膜透水性增强,这种动态泥膜作用下开挖面的稳定如何评价有待于进一步探索。对此,对泥水盾构掘进过程中的动态泥膜进行了分类,提出了考虑盾构运动和泥浆渗滤特征的动态泥膜理论。在此基础上,采用空间离散法将泥水压力引入旋转体模型,建立了考虑动态泥膜效应的开挖面稳定力学模型,提出了泥水盾构动态掘进过程中开挖面临界泥浆压力及泥浆支护效率评估方法,研究指出:当盾构在强渗透性地层中掘进时,在尽量提高泥浆成膜率的同时,应注重泥浆黏度调节,充分发挥渗透力支护作用,同时可适当提高盾构掘进速度并降低刀盘转速,有利于开挖面稳定控制。以泥浆成膜率、等效渗透系数为依据给出了泥浆支护效率设计图,研究工作对盾构掘进支护压力控制和泥浆配置有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
140.
Widespread magmatic activity developed in the Middle Miocene in the Cappadocian Region of Central Anatolia in Turkey. Despite several previous studies that focus on the geochemical features of the magmatic rocks, the source components and development of melting conditions are still a matter of debate.Recent basaltic rocks from Karaburna and Gül?ehir (1228 and 96 Ka, respectively, Dogan, 2011) are considered as a part of the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province, situated at the northernmost end of the Cappadocian Region. These lavas have similar large ion lithophile (LIL) (except Rb) and high field strength (HFS) element abundances, however, Karaburna samples are more enriched in HFS elements, and both of the rocks suites reflect HFS depletions relative to the OIB signature.Karaburna and Gül?ehir basalts have low Nb/La (0.45–0.5; 0.35–0.5), Nb/Th (2.75–4.61; 1.26–2.85) values, respectively, suggesting contributions from crustal sources, whereas Zr/Ba ratios of these samples range between 0.32–0.93 and 0.4–0.88 and imply that these rocks appear to be derived from asthenospheric sources. These incompatible element ratios can be attributed to either different geochemical processes, or are related to melting from different source component(s).The ambient mantle source of the Cappadocian region appears to be consistent with spinel peridotite, but this domain is not solely satisfactory to represent the melting conditions in the light of new elemental data. Values of Tb/Yb(N) and Zn/Fe provide new constraints suggesting the magmas were generated from the asthenosphere. Tb/Yb(N) ratio separates garnet – spinel transition Tb/Yb(N) (>1.8) and Zn/Fe ratio displays separation between the peridotite-derived (Zn/Fe <12) and pyroxenite-derived (13?20) melts.A melting model based on REE ratios and Zn/Fe, Co/Fe, Tb/Yb(N) values indicates that basaltic rocks were not derived from a single source component (peridotite). Instead, those values suggest substantial melting contributions from a pyroxenite source domain, which has not been discussed as a source component in previous studies. Melts, from both of the source domains, with the result of asthenospheric upwelling linked to the downgoing Aegean and Cyprean slabs, are distinct from the alkaline character frequently observed as the final products of recent volcanic activity in the Cappadocian region and also explains the different trace element variations observed in such a small scale. 相似文献