重力场数学拟合模型解的影响因素探究

为了提高地球重力场模型不适定方程求解的精度,该文采用谱分析方法从级数展开阶数、数据采样率及数据缺失量3个方面探索影响数学拟合效果的根本因素:从常用的三角级数及勒让德级数模型出发,引出重力场拟合模型球谐函数模型,观察在改变级数展开阶数、数据采样率及数据缺失量等情况下所对应设计矩阵谱结构的变化,并从微观上研究影响误差分配的有关因素及最小奇异值对误差的决定性作用,为探求重力场模型解不准的原因及实现更高精度的全球重力场模型的建立提供参考。     

Diagnosis of earth-fill dams by synthesised approach of sounding and surface wave method

The spatial distribution of the strength inside the earth-fill is identified by the sounding tests. In this research, the Swedish weight sounding (SWS) is employed, and the spatial high-density test is performed to identify the spatial correlation structure. Furthermore, the synthesised approach of the SWS and surface wave method, which is one of the geophysical method, is proposed to compensate the shortage of each approach. Consequently, the correlation structure of an earth-fill could be identified accurately, and the high resolution of the spatial distribution could be visualised based on the survey results.     

区块链技术在教育领域的应用现状与展望

区块链本质上的去中心化和安全特性,使得其很适合于解决目前教育领域面临的困难.本文首先介绍了区块链的基本技术原理,包括区块的结构和区块链的构成、区块链技术平台的体系结构、区块链的分类、共识算法、智能合约.接着分析了目前教育领域发展的终身教育和跨地区教育的新形势,以及传统数字化教育系统面临的主要问题.然后从教育相关信息的多方共享和验证、学习过程跟踪、激励和学习路径塑造、学习评估、教育管理与决策辅助等几个方面对区块链技术在教育领域的应用现状进行了介绍和分析.最后总结了目前区块链技术应用到教育领域的主要问题,并展望了未来的发展方向.     

New instrument for measuring water discharge by the salt dilution method

The instantaneous salt dilution method for water discharge measurements in open channels has been improved by the development of a new instrument measuring conductivity. The salt method consists of two parts: the calibration and the actual measurement in the stream. The calibration aims to calculate the linear relationship between electrical conductivity and salt concentration at various degrees of dilution in a salt solution. The original undiluted solution is injected into the water of a stream and the conductivity is measured downstream from the injection site. When measuring, the new instrument integrates the conductivity over time. From the value obtained on the instrument's display, the water discharge can easily be calculated on a hand-PC in the field. The instrument has eliminated the subsequent calculation work formerly necessary. It has increased the accuracy of the method and also reduced the need for field personnel during measurements.     

逆断层地震近场地震动影响场和地表形变模拟

本文设计了一个MW7.0级地震的简单的逆断层有限移动源破裂模型,计算了断层周围64个观测点的加速度、速度和位移时程及峰值,简单讨论了近场地震动峰值、断层附近地表永久位移(或地表形变)的分布特点,并讨论了永久位移和地面运动速度大脉冲的关系。重点研究了断层附近三分量的永久位移(或地表形变)大小、方向和地震动作用特点。     

Winkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励的主共振分析

研究W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的主共振问题。应用弹性理论和Galerk in方法建立W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的非线性动力方程。应用非线性振动的多尺度法,求得系统主共振的近似解。分析不同参数对主共振响应曲线的影响。     

Kinematic source model for simulation of near-fault ground motion field using explicit finite element method

1 Introduction The prediction of broadband near-fault ground motion is an important aspect of seismic risk analysis, and is essential for the evaluation of urban seismic safety. Many methodologies are used to model the near-fault ground motions, such as the Green function method, ?nite element (FE) / ?nite difference (FD) method and a hybrid method (Aagaard, 1999; Oprsal and Zahradnik, 2002; Oprsal et al., 2003 a and b). In the hybrid method, the FE / FD method is used to model the low fr…     

储层结构控制下的开发响应特征初探--以双河油田为例

储层结构体现在层次性和拼合性2个方面.双河油田含油层段在地质层次上划分为10级:地层段、油层组、小层、单层、单砂体、成因砂体、成因增量、层系组、层系和纹层,体现了各级次的地质作用.拼合性体现为储层由不同的要素相互镶嵌叠置而成,其中较重要的是结构要素的规模及其空间匹配.基于储层的这种层次性和拼合性,形成了相应的储层剖面和平面预测模型,在区内划分出4类剖面模型样式和6类平面模型样式.不同的模型样式体现了不同的内部结构特征,而这种结构特征影响注水开发过程中的流体流动,进而形成不同的剩余油气分布样式.     

The periodic variations of the core drift rate: global and zonal motions (Mitteilung des Zentralinstituts für Physik der Erde,Nr. 1746)

Toroidal zonal motions at the top of the Earth's core were computed from the observed secular variation and investigated with regard to their time dependence. Previously derived results for a pure westward drifting core could be re-examined. Additionally, the well-known 66.7 years period was found to be an oscillation of the zonal velocity field of third degree. With respect to periodic constituents, the total magnetic core-mantle coupling torque according to the zonal motions is comparable with that derived for a pure westward drifting core. Some differences in period lengthes and amplitudes do not remove previously stated differences between the spectra of the magnetic and mechanical torques on principle.     

不同开口比人工鱼礁体水动力特性及礁体稳定性研究

为研究方型人工鱼礁体开口比的变化对其水动力特性的影响,利用Fluent软件模拟了边长为3m、开口比为0～0.6之间7种不同方型鱼礁体周围水流场,通过分析水流场变化规律得到了礁体流场效应、阻力系数随开口比的变化情况;基于Morison方程计算了礁体在波流作用下的受力及其抗滑移、抗倾覆安全系数。研究结果表明:当礁体开口比小于0.2时,背涡区范围较大,流场效应明显;随着开口比的增大,礁体产生的上升流范围及竖直向最大速度分量逐渐减小;对于方形开口礁体,阻力系数与开口比的关系式为Cd=0.875φ+1.088(R2=0.963,P<0.01);随着开口比的增大,礁体所受最大波流作用力、抗滑移及抗倾覆安全系数逐渐减小,但礁体不会发生滑移和倾覆,可为实际礁体结构的设计提供参考。