高应变动力试桩技术的现存问题与改进方向

作为一种简便、经济,同时相对精确的检测方法,高应变检测技术在房屋建筑、市政桥梁、港口水工等工程的基桩承载力、完整性检测及打桩监测中得到了广泛地应用,但是无论是仪器设备等硬件抑或是信号采集、数据分析等软件,仍然存在许多局限性与不足。为了改进检测方法,提高准确度,从多个方面介绍了高应变检测技术的现存问题与改进方向,以期推动该项技术的进一步完善。     

Vertical dynamic response of a pipe pile in saturated soil layer

An analytical solution is developed in this paper to investigate the vertical time-harmonic response of a pipe pile embedded in a viscoelastic saturated soil layer. The wave propagation in the saturated soil is simulated by Biot’s 3D poroelastic theory and that in the pipe pile is simulated by 1D elastodynamic theory. Potential functions are applied to decouple the governing equations of the soil. The analytical solutions of the outer and inner soil in frequency domain are obtained by the method of separation of variables. The vertical response of the pipe pile is then obtained based on the continuity assumption of the displacement and stress between the pipe pile and both the outer and inner soil. The solution is compared with existing solutions to verify the validity. Numerical examples are presented to analyze the vibration characteristics of the pile.     

Prediction of ultimate axial load-carrying capacity of piles using a support vector machine based on CPT data

The support vector machine (SVM) is a relatively new artificial intelligence technique which is increasingly being applied to geotechnical problems and is yielding encouraging results. In this paper SVM models are developed for predicting the ultimate axial load-carrying capacity of piles based on cone penetration test (CPT) data. A data set of 108 samples is used to develop the SVM models. These data were obtained from the literature containing pile load tests and each sample contains information regarding pile geometry, full-scale static pile load tests and CPT results. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to examine the relative significance of each input variable with respect to ultimate strength prediction. Finally, a statistical analysis is conducted to make comparisons between predictions obtained from the SVM models and three traditional CPT-based methods for determining pile capacity. The comparison confirms that the SVM models developed in this paper outperform the traditional methods.     

交联型低固相泥浆在武汉绿地中心桩基工程中应用

[摘 要]结合武汉绿地中心超高建筑桩基工程钻孔施工中所遇到的松散砂及风化泥岩、风化砂岩等破碎层出现的孔壁坍塌问题,进行了交联型低固相泥浆的现场应用试验。交联型低固相泥浆性能指标优良：密度1.02~1.05g/cm3、漏斗黏度25~40s、API失水量（0.7MPa压差）8~20ml/30min;动切力2.5~4.0Pa、动塑比0.48左右,属于宾汉型流体,具有良好的剪切稀释作用,对松散砂及泥岩、风化砂岩等破碎层的胶结能力强,能起到“下套管”的固壁作用,具有良好絮凝钻屑聚沉的能力,维持体系无固相。使用该泥浆能显著提高风化、破碎、水敏性等复杂地层桩孔的钻进效率、成孔质量与单桩承载力。     

建筑桩基技术规范修订实施以来的若干思考

《建筑桩基技术规范》（JGJ 94-2008）于2008年10月1日起实施,至今已有5年多时间。从施工角度阐述了规范修订实施几年来在实际工程中的符合性、适宜性以及有关思考。     

高压循环注浆结合钢管托换在桩基补强中的应用探讨

灌注桩施工过程中,经常遇到不良地层,导致在灌注桩身混凝土的过程中,孔壁局部坍塌,使得土体进入混凝土中,造成灌注桩断桩、桩身混凝土存在缺陷及桩端承载力不足等情况。而高压循环注浆结合钢管托换补强技术可以很好地对上述问题进行处理。结合桩基补强工程实例,对其设计、计算和应用进行探讨和分析,并对高压循环注浆结合钢管托换补强技术加固效果进行抽心检测,检测结果表明：经补强加固后的桩基承载力满足设计要求。     

中钢天津响螺湾工程后压浆钻孔灌注桩施工技术

中钢天津响螺湾工程基础桩采用后压浆钻孔灌注桩,最大桩长达76 m,设计单桩承载力特征值达15000 kN。阐述该工程钻孔桩的施工工艺、施工中出现的问题和解决方法、孔口钢筋笼直螺纹对接技术、后压浆施工工艺。通过现场试验,全部桩为Ⅰ类桩,单桩承载力达到设计要求,极限承载力实测值最大为35000 kN,为工程桩的设计提供了可靠的技术参数。     

海上风机超大直径单桩竖向抗压承载力理论计算及实测方法对比评价

超大直径单桩基础在应用过程中,存在钢管桩沉桩的选锤、防溜桩等关键问题.为解决以上问题,研究超大直径单桩的竖向抗压承载力是有必要的.分别利用《码头结构设计规范》规定的设计做法、圆孔扩张理论法、UWA-05方法、GRLWEAP模型方法对超大直径钢管桩的竖向抗压承载力进行了分析计算并结合工程实例进行比较,发现现行规范规定的钢管桩承载力计算公式对于超大直径钢管桩承载力的估计偏于保守,高应变检测法对于超大直径单桩基础承载力的评估同样偏于保守.     

复杂地质条件下桩基础施工难点分析

随着北京地区基坑深度及单桩承载力要求的提高,基础施工面在不断向下移动,桩深度也在不断加深,使得施工情况也越来越复杂,如承压水的处理,相对水位的变化、地层的变化、施工设备的选择、场地的局限性等,针对这些问题,以北京地区某工程深桩基施工为例,介绍了承压水条件下,砂层、粉粘土层和卵石层多层互层复杂地质条件下的深桩基现场施工设备的选择和现场管理工作。介绍施工过程中的一些难点、要点及其解决方法。本研究可为类似工程提供参考。     

Field testing of stiffened deep cement mixing piles under lateral cyclic loading

Construction of seaside and underground wall bracing often uses stiffened deep cement mixed columns (SDCM). This research investigates methods used to improve the level of bearing capacity of these SDCM when subjected to cyclic lateral loading via various types of stiffer cores. Eight piles, two deep cement mixed piles and six stiffened deep cement mixing piles with three different types of cores, H shape cross section prestressed concrete, steel pipe, and H-beam steel, were embedded though soft clay into medium-hard clay on site in Thailand. Cyclic horizontal loading was gradually applied until pile failure and the hysteresis loops of lateral load vs. lateral deformation were recorded. The lateral carrying capacities of the SDCM piles with an H-beam steel core increased by 3-4 times that of the DCM piles. This field research clearly shows that using H-beam steel as a stiffer core for SDCM piles is the best method to improve its lateral carrying capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity.