湖北郧县王家庄绿色纤维状石英-云母脉特征及成因--对板块构造几个问题的思考

湖北郧县王家庄有两期脉体 ,早期为纤维状石英脉 ,总体呈北北东向分布 ,平行脉壁有一中间面使其对称分布 ,显示张性裂隙持续发育过程 ;与之垂直的横向压性裂隙将它“错开”。形貌上酷似板块构造的大洋中脊和转换断层。晚期云母脉叠置在上述两组裂隙之上 ,并使原来裂隙性质发生变化。这些特征与区域应力场分布 ,特别是与两郧断裂的演化息息相关。根据分形理论 ,将王家庄石英云母脉与板块构造进行对比 ,一方面从微观的角度证实了板块构造一些基本观点的合理性。同时从微观信息得到深入研究板块构造的一些新启示 :对板块形成机制不要局限于软流圈对流 ,而应从更深层次研究地幔物质运动规律 ;要将大陆和大洋作为一个整体研究全球应力场分布规律与构造演化历史 ,其中转换断层是联系大陆和大洋的纽带 ;加强RRR型三联点研究 ,它是研究深部 (地幔 )物质运动和上部 (地壳、岩石圈 )构造应力场相互关系的重要窗口     

极低屈服点软钢阻尼器恢复力模型的研究

本文通过试验和理论分析探讨极低屈服点软钢阻尼器的恢复力特性。随着塑性变形的发展将恢复力模型中的骨架曲线进行平移,其卸载曲线用Ramberg—Osgood函数来描述,由此得到的恢复力模型定义为骨架平移模型,将其应用于描述极低屈服点软钢阻尼器的恢复力特性、为了验证该馍型的有效性并确定合理的参数,对安装极低屈服点软钢阻尼器的3层钢框架结构进行了拟动力试验．同时用该骨架平移模型模拟极低屈服点软钢阻尼器的恢复力特性进行了大量的弹塑性地震反应分析,通过取用不同平移系数时的数值计算结果与拟动力试验结果的比较,发现平移系数为0．6左右时,该模型具有较高的精度。     

Coral Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca records in Con Dao Island off the Mekong Delta: Assessment of their potential for monitoring ENSO and East Asian monsoon

The climate of the South China Sea (SCS) is dominated by the East Asian monsoon (EAM) and can be related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) owing to the interaction between ENSO and the EAM. An annually-banded coral (Porites sp.) collected from Con Dao Island in the southern SCS was measured for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios at near-monthly resolution through the annual bands of AD 1948–1999. This island is only ~ 90 km from the Mekong Delta coast and thus significantly influenced by riverine discharge, suggesting relatively severe environmental stress on corals. The Sr/Ca time series shows a clear annual cyclicity chiefly modulated by sea-surface temperature (SST), whereas the Mg/Ca time series exhibits an indistinct annual cyclicity, indicating that the previously-proposed coral Mg/Ca thermometry is greatly disturbed. An instrumental SST record in Con Dao Island (since 1980) has been compared with the Sr/Ca time series to calibrate a Sr/Ca thermometer. The Sr/Ca vs. SST comparison shows that the Sr/Ca thermometer is sometimes disturbed by some factor and that almost all of the disturbances occur around the annual-maximum SST in the warm/wet season. The Sr/Ca data around the annual-minimum SST in the cool/dry season is almost free from the disturbance and thus useful as a SST proxy. The disturbances of the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca thermometers may be ascribed to the Mekong River discharge and its accompanying phenomena (i.e., large freshwater input, suspended-sediment loads, intense phytoplankton blooms, etc.), which are likely to disturb coral physiological processes. Applying the Sr/Ca thermometer to the whole Sr/Ca time series provides a SST reconstruction from 1948 through 1999. Reconstructed annual-minimum SSTs show a clear quasi-biennial oscillation significantly correlated with ENSO, indicating that the annual-minimum SST in the southern SCS tends to be higher (lower) in El Niño (La Niña) phases. This is compatible with previous observations that the East Asian winter monsoon is weakened (strengthened) in El Niño (La Niña) phases. The reconstructed SST record suggests a warming of 1.0 °C for the latter half of the 20th century. The Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca time series exhibit similar decadal-to-bidecadal variations, which do not seem to be primarily due to SST variability but rather due to some other factor possibly related to disturbance or fluctuation of coral physiological processes. Although both of our Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca data are affected, to a greater or lesser extent, by some non-temperature factor, a part of the Sr/Ca data provides a useful SST proxy and suggests that coral-based SST reconstruction in the southern SCS may be an effective means for monitoring the EAM and ENSO.     

Modelling the initial shear stiffness of unsaturated soils as a function of the coupled effects of the void ratio and the degree of saturation

Existing models for predicting the small strain behaviour of unsaturated soil are not capable of predicting the initial shear stiffness during suction reduction under normally consolidated conditions. This problem has been addressed in the present study by combining an existing elastoplastic model and recent experimental data to provide a new model for the initial shear stiffness. The model, which is similar to that typically adopted for saturated soils, uses the average skeleton stress and an additional function of the degree of saturation. This new model not only captures the behaviour of the new experimental results, but it also describes a unique relationship between saturated and unsaturated soils.     

乳腺病变伴发生物矿化的类型及机制研究

乳腺病变伴发生物矿化的类型多样、机制复杂。本试验对手术切除或粗针穿刺获得的乳腺脂肪坏死标本5例、乳腺增生症8例、乳腺纤维腺瘤7例及乳腺浸润性癌或原位癌6例分别进行常规HE（苏木素-伊红）染色、普鲁士蓝、茜素红S、Masson三色特殊染色及Ⅲ型胶原、Ⅳ型胶原免疫组织化学染色,以观察各种病变伴发矿化的常规病理学改变及无机、有机成分的差异。染色结果显示各种矿化物的主要无机成分均为钙盐。脂肪坏死和纤维腺瘤伴发的矿化均与Ⅲ型胶原有关,乳腺增生症伴发的矿化与Ⅳ型胶原有关,而乳腺导管原位癌矿化与上述两种胶原的关系不大。根据形态可将乳腺病变伴发的生物矿化分为坏死相关性矿化及非坏死相关性矿化。前者又可分为肿瘤性坏死相关性矿化和非肿瘤性坏死相关性矿化。非坏死相关性矿化可分为上皮相关性矿化及间质相关性矿化。乳腺病变类型不同,其伴发矿化的机制也不尽相同。     

重庆老鼓楼衙署遗址四川短尾鼩(Anourosorex squamipes)研究报告

2012年中国十大考古发现项目、重庆市老鼓楼衙署遗址发掘中(遗址位于29°33 ′13″N,106°34 ′46″E),通过使用筛选法、水洗法提取小哺乳动物骨骼标本的考古实践,成功提取到四川短尾鼩(Anourosorex squamipes)、贵州菊头蝠(Rhinolophus rex)等小哺乳动物骨骼标本.在我国古代城市遗址考古中,第一次发现了四川短尾鼩骨骼.四川短尾鼩标本的发现和研究,确认该动物在宋代时期已进入西南地区城市环境中与人类伴栖,对研究该动物适应人类城市环境、分析古代城市生态特征等具有重要意义.四川短尾鼩生态特征的综合分析工作,揭示出重庆老鼓楼衙署遗址古气候环境湿热;衙署庭院里具备有较大水源,有高大的阔叶树木遮荫,庭院地表面松软潮湿;衙署居室内采光偏少(光线较暗),可能有多种昆虫及软体动物会常进入人类居室活动;有多种小哺乳动物(如短尾鼩)伴栖于人类居室内、外,等等.该项研究工作,还从小哺乳动物骨骼标本提取、骨骼观测与鉴定方法等方面,为以后在动物考古中开展小哺乳动物研究积累了重要资料.     

利用空白区域骨架线网眼匹配多源面状居民地

多源大比例尺城市地图中,同名居民地数据间往往存在较大几何位置偏差,从而增加了居民地匹配的难度和不确定性。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种利用空白区域骨架线网眼进行居民地匹配的新方法。首先,提取空白区域骨架线,并建立空白区域骨架线网眼和居民地之间的一一映射关系,将居民地匹配转换为骨架线网眼匹配;然后,根据骨架线网眼之间的相接拓扑关系构建对偶图,计算对偶图中每个节点的各项中心性指标,并利用极化变换和层次分析法建立骨架线网眼匹配模型,获取骨架线网眼匹配结果;最后,将骨架线网眼匹配结果按照映射关系进行传递,从而得到居民地匹配结果。将居民地匹配转换为空白区域骨架线网眼匹配,并对骨架线网眼进行对偶图构建和极化变换,为匹配增加拓扑约束和相对位置约束,从而弥补几何位置的较大偏差对匹配造成的影响。对比试验及分析表明本方法能够有效解决大比例尺城市地图中几何位置偏差较大的面状居民地的匹配问题。     

基于ANUDEM与山脊抬升的DEM简化

为在DEM简化过程中充分保留地形骨架信息,提出一种基于ANUDEM与山脊抬升的DEM简化方法。利用ANUDEM插值法获得顾及水文要素的DEM简化表面,并对简化DEM实施山脊抬升,从而得到顾及地形骨架的简化表面。实验表明,在简化DEM中实施山脊抬升能够更大程度地增强简化表面山体结构的保留程度,且随着地形简化程度的降低,山脊抬升法的作用也逐渐增大。     

出租车轨迹数据快速提取道路骨架线方法

文章就如何利用出租车GPS轨迹数据提取道路信息展开研究:首先运用角平分线算法生成轨迹线的缓冲区,再利用点水平切割中点线法从缓冲区中提取道路骨架线的方法。该方法快速、简单、实用,对大多数道路的结构情况都能够很好地进行描述。最后利用昆明市出租车数据进行实验,并将实验结果与影像数据对比,证明提取的道路骨架线与影像吻合较好。     

Growth and concentration of fibrous sillimanite related to heterogeneous deformation in K-feldspar-sillimanite metapelites

Abstract In foliated K-feldspar-sillimanite metapelites, fibrous sillimanite is commonly concentrated in folia that anastomose between lenticular pods of coarser-grained aggregates rich in quartz, feldspar and biotite, with or without garnet, cordierite and residual andalusite. Many of the folia appear to be limbs of crenulation microfolds. The sillimanite concentrations may be due largely to the ability of fibrous sillimanite aggregates to undergo strong non-coaxial deformation by grain-boundary sliding ('fibre sliding';) without appreciable build-up of dislocations, whereas other minerals are unstable in these zones and so concentrate in lower-strain interfolial zones. Initiation, and especially concentration of the sillimanite in folia, may be assisted by fluid flow and local base-cation leaching, whereby minerals unstable in zones of strong non-coaxial strain are dissolved and removed from these zones.