Atlantic multidecadal oceanic variability and its influence on the atmosphere in a climate model

The mechanisms controlling the decadal to multidecadal variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and its influence on the atmosphere are investigated using a control simulation with the IPSL-CM4 climate model. The multidecadal fluctuations of the MOC are mostly driven by deep convection in the subpolar gyre, which occurs south of Iceland in the model. The latter is primarily influenced by the anomalous advection of salinity due to changes in the East Atlantic Pattern (EAP), which is the second mode of atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic region. The North Atlantic Oscillation is the dominant mode, but it plays a secondary role in the MOC fluctuations. During summer, the MOC variability is shown to have a significant impact on the atmosphere in the North Atlantic–European sector. The MOC influence is due to an interhemispheric sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly with opposite signs in the two hemispheres but largest amplitude in the northern one. The SST pattern driven by the MOC mostly resembles the model Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and bears some similarity with the observed one. It is shown that the AMO reflects both the MOC influence and the local atmospheric forcing. Hence, the MOC influence on climate is best detected using lagged relations between climatic fields. The atmospheric response resembles the EAP, in a phase that might induce a weak positive feedback on the MOC.     

A Study on the Mesoscale Convective Systems during the Summer Monsoon Onset over the South China Sea in 1998 Part II: Effect of Mesoscale Convective Systems on Large-Scale Fields

1. Introduction The strong convective weather is developed under the favorable large-scale circulations, which demon- strated the large-scale weather system's controlling ef- fect on strong convections. Once the convection is formed, it will produce the feedback effect on the large-scale environmental conditions by transporting momentum, heat and moisture upward, and influence or change the environmental wind, humidity, tem- perature, atmospheric stratification fields and so on, thus forming t…     

强对流风暴数值模拟及其未来预报的若干问题

运用三维弹性套网格中尺度（b-g）大气模式，对3个强雹暴过程作不同模拟试验，初步探讨了强对流风暴数值模拟及其未来预报的几个基本问题。结果表明:采用单点探空的二维暖云计算能定性预报出某些风暴过程，为强天气警报提供一定的参考信息；对风速风向垂直切变较小的风暴，二维模拟结果与三维模拟较接近；而对具有典型三维结构的超级单体，则用二维模拟或只用单向风分量的三维模拟不能模拟出其基本特征；为对不同风暴的生命、演变和降水发展等进行模式预报，不仅要求采用细致的雹云微物理参数化的三维模式，还要求用能较准确代表风暴发生处的背景     

一种新的ENSO循环负反馈机制

本文利用包含海洋表面边界层和大气辐合反馈过程的热带太平洋海气耦合异常模式的30年模拟结果，通过对模式ENSO循环演变特征和正负反馈机制的细致分析揭示出了ENSO循环形成的一种新的负反馈过程。指出:ENSO循环的正反馈机制是不稳定海气相互作用过程，且这一不稳定过程的发展在暖态中明显强于冷态；ENSO循环的负反馈机制在冷暖态中表现不同，在冷态消亡过程中，这种负反馈过程主要表现为暖的西传Rossby波经西边界反射产生的暖的东传Kelvin波来抑制冷位相不稳定发展的，但在暖态消亡过程中，不存在类似的纬向波作用过程，其负反馈过程主要表现为在海气耦合不稳定充分发展时伴随的赤道两侧冷水上翻过程的加强以及非线性过程的衰减作用共同抑制了不稳定的发展，并最终使系统从暖态恢复至冷态。本文得出的ENSO循环暖位相中的负反馈机制和近年来国外提出的“时滞振子”理论明显不同。     

控制网最小独立闭合环搜索算法研究

论述了控制网中最小独立闭合环搜索的两种算法：基于生成树的算法和基于迭代加深搜索的算法,在理论上进行了推导,并结合实际算例,对两种算法进行了比较,得出了在某些情况下,后一种算法搜索结果不是太稳定,前一种算法搜索结果稳定的结论。     

中心回线瞬变电磁法在煤矿采空塌陷区的探测应用

白山市杨树林煤矿附近的采空塌陷区,已对南侧铁路的正常运行构成危害,需对其进行治理,为此选用瞬变电磁法探测该采空塌陷区的范围。根据该区的施工条件,在充分实验的基础上,确定采用中心回线装置进行探测,其施工参数为发射回线边长50m;接收回线边长5m、20匝、接收线框面积500m^2;供电电流50A,采样率为4μs。共布设测线3条,其中2条平行铁路,线距25、点距10m;一条垂直铁路,点距25m。依据其1线、2线及3线TEM等视电阻率剖面图的低阻异常,判定该采空塌陷区在2线的在590～710m及3线的0～125m范围内。     

微机化交流电阻率仪及其应用

本文给出了交流电阻率仪的设计原理框图,讨论了同步检测技术及其特点,介绍了仪器系统压制干扰的室内测试结果和野外实验结果,指出了该仪器的应用及开发远景。     

地球失控增暖可能性的数值模拟

通过改变太阳常数引进强外辐射强迫的变化,利用NCAR气候系统模式CSM1.4,就气候系统对强外辐射强迫下的失控增暖效应进行了初步研究。结果表明:气候对于太阳常数分别增加2.5%、10%与增加25%的响应有所不同,即对于较小的强迫,气候系统的响应是线性的;而对于较大的强迫,响应很可能是非线性的。对于NCAR模式,如果强迫足够大,气候系统将会经历失控增暖。失控增暖的主要趋势并不是最初设想的正的水汽反馈增暖,至少在模式中,不只是“失控的温室效应”增暖,还有“失控的云反馈”增暖。     

海洋浮游生态系统中D MS P的来源及在食物链中的传递和转化研究进展

β-二甲基巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)是一种在海洋中普遍存在的重要生源有机硫化物,其降解产物二甲基硫(DMS)挥发到大气中会形成云凝结核,进而对大气温度产生负反馈效应.DMSP主要由浮游植物和部分细菌生物合成,在浮游食物链和微食物环中进行传递和转化,并进一步通过食物网进入更高营养级.浮游生物是驱动全球碳、硫循环的关键环节,...     

Influences of agricultural phenology dynamic on land surface biophysical process and climate feedback

Response and feedback of land surface process to climate change is one of the research priorities in the field of geoscience. The current study paid more attention to the impacts of global change on land surface process, but the feedback of land surface process to climate change has been poorly understood. It is becoming more and more meaningful under the framework of Earth system science to understand systematically the relationships between agricultural phenology dynamic and biophysical process, as well as the feedback on climate. In this paper, we summarized the research progress in this field, including the fact of agricultural phenology change, parameterization of phenology dynamic in land surface progress model, the influence of agricultural phenology dynamic on biophysical process, as well as its feedback on climate. The results showed that the agriculture phenophase, represented by the key phenological phases such as sowing, flowering and maturity, had shifted significantly due to the impacts of climate change and agronomic management. The digital expressions of land surface dynamic process, as well as the biophysical process and atmospheric process, were improved by coupling phenology dynamic in land surface model. The agricultural phenology dynamic had influenced net radiation, latent heat, sensible heat, albedo, temperature, precipitation, circulation, playing an important role in the surface energy partitioning and climate feedback. Considering the importance of agricultural phenology dynamic in land surface biophysical process and climate feedback, the following research priorities should be stressed: (1) the interactions between climate change and land surface phenology dynamic; (2) the relations between agricultural phenology dynamic and land surface reflectivity at different spectrums; (3) the contributions of crop physiology characteristic changes to land surface biophysical process; (4) the regional differences of climate feedbacks from phenology dynamic in different climate zones. This review is helpful to accelerate understanding of the role of agricultural phenology dynamic in land surface process and climate feedback.