CISK-related Rossby Waves in the Tropical Atmosphere

In terms of a baroclinic quasi-geostrophic wave-filtering technique in connection with a dimensionless paramet-er, η(z), of condensation-released latent heat that indicates the CISK mechanism, a model is established for des-cribing tropical atmosphere CISK-Rossby waves alongside its analytical solution. Theoretical study shows that there exists pronounced difference between Rossby waves, CISK-involving and classic, and the former can be used to in-terpret some aspects of the low-frequency oscillation in the tropical atmosphere     

全球变化研究的新思维

地球系统及其各圈层都是个复杂系统。全球变化研究需要针对此种特点 ,运用中国传统文化的精髓———整体观方法论 ,开展整体地球以及更大整体系统的整体研究 ,从中找出关键因子和关键性物理过程 ,力戒“瞎子摸象”。文中探讨了多种时间尺度的全球变化与相应的天文参数变化的密切联系 ,认为天地耦合有可能是引起全球变化的重要途径。同时 ,讨论了有关全球变化的若干新观点和新的物理机理。     

Applications of graph theory to gross error detection for GPS geodetic control networks

1　ＧｒａｐｈｔｈｅｏｒｙａｎｄｄｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎｓＡｇｒａｐｈＧｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆｐｏｉｎｔｓ (ＮＯＤＥＳ)ａｎｄｌｉｎｅｓ (ＥＤＧＥＳ)ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｅｐｏｉｎｔｓ .Ｔｈｅｐｏｉｎｔｓａｒｅｃａｌｌｅｄｎｏｄｅｓａｎｄｌｉｎｅｓａｒｅｅｄｇｅｓ .Ａｄｉｒｅｃｔｅｄｇｒａｐｈｉｓａｇｒａｐｈｉｎｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｅｄｇｅｓｃｏｎ ｎｅｃｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｎｏｄｅｓａｒｅｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｅｄ .Ａｔｒｅｅｉｓａｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｅｄｇｒａｐｈｗｉｔｈｏｕｔａｎｙｌｏｏｐ .Ａｌｏｏｐｉｓａｃｌｏｓ…     

Hybrid platform for vibration control of high‐tech equipment in buildings subject to ground motion. Part 1: experiment

This paper presents an experimental study, while a companion paper addresses an analytical study, to explore the possibility of using a hybrid platform to mitigate vibration of a batch of high‐tech equipment installed in a building subject to nearby traffic‐induced ground motion. A three‐storey building model and a hybrid platform model are designed and manufactured. The hybrid platform is mounted on the building floor through passive mounts composed of leaf springs and oil dampers and controlled actively by an electromagnetic actuator with velocity feedback control strategy. The passive mounts are designed in such a way that the stiffness and damping ratio of the platform can be changed. A series of shaking table tests are then performed on the building model without the platform, with the passive platform of different parameters, and with the hybrid platform. The experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid platform is very effective in reducing the velocity response of a batch of high‐tech equipment in the building subject to nearby traffic‐induced ground motion if dynamic properties of the platform and control feedback gain are selected appropriately. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

反馈网络对地震计性能的影响

通过对地震计数学模型的详细分析，阐明了不同形式的反馈网络在地震计中的不同作用，结果表明：①机械部分对反馈式地震计频率特性的影响在一定条件下可以忽略。②地震计的类型和通频带由反馈网络决定。③反馈扩大地震计的动态范围，降低了地震计的分辨率。④反馈系统对地震计的信噪比没有影响。     

X形和三角形钢板阻尼器的阻尼力模型（Ⅱ）——基于R-0本构关系

利用软钢的Ramberg-Osgood本构关系(R-O模型)，依据经典力学原理推导建立了X形和三角形钢板阻尼器的阻尼力滞回模型。首先，给出了循环加载下软钢材料的应力-应变R-O本构关系；其次，推导建立了基于R-O本构关系的钢板阻尼器的阻尼力模型；最后，将该阻尼力模型及其参数与试验结果和双线性强化模型进行了比较，验证了R-O理论模型的有效性，并分析了误差存在的原因。     

设计速度传感反馈地震计的新方案新思路

在深入分析研究了速度传感反馈地震计传统设计方案的基础上，提出了技术性能更优的传递函数两步实现方案。两步方案为反馈环路设计带来的巨大灵活性，又促使我们跳出传统的“延长周期”模式的思路束缚，提出了单纯阻尼反馈环的设计新思路。理论计算表明，两步方案与阻尼环结合的设计可以使速度传感反馈地震计的技术性能达到更高境界。反馈深度大、环路稳定性好，动态范围大和极点稳性高使它明显优于传统设计方案。     

Swiches, pulses and grazing in arid vegetation

This paper examines the possible effect of plants of drylands on their own environment and on neighbouring individuals, in particular the potential for positive feedback between individuals and populations. There are many examples both in shrubby desert vegetation and in desert grassland, but it is in the grassland that feedback is especially associated with small rainfall pulses. I suggest that boundaries between grassland and shrubland are likely to be abrupt in space and time because desert grassland vegetation has a more positive reaction to rainfall change and to its own effects on its environment. Grazing has an important part to play in this relationship.     

近百年来气候变化

根据当前气候变化研究中的新发现和新观点,综述了近百年来气候变化的属性成因和机制。阐述了气候是一个高度复杂的非线性系统,内部充满着错综复杂的耦合过程和反馈循环。重点介绍了CO_2含量在大气中的增加、火山喷发和海气异常等在近百年气候变化中所起的重要作用,并把气候变化与冷圈波动联系起来。