基于反馈线性化的多变量模糊迭代控制器设计

针对一类多变量非线性控制对象的轨迹跟踪问题,设计一种模糊迭代学习控制器,利用模糊控制器动态调节迭代学习律增益矩阵参数,通过反馈线性化算法和信息融合技术降低模糊控制器输入变量维数,实现多变量非线性系统轨迹跟踪控制.结果表明:与固定增益型迭代学习控制器相比,采用模糊迭代学习控制器学习速度提高,控制稳定性改善,两自由度机械臂的轨迹跟踪控制仿真结果也验证模糊迭代学习控制器的优越性.     

纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙片的抗震性能研究

针对低烈度区砌体结构房屋抗震的需要,本文提出利用纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙的一种廉价抗震方案。运用有限元分析软件Ansys10.0进行数值模拟分析,探讨这种加固方案的可行性,并在此基础上进行试验研究。通过纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙片在低周反复荷载作用下的试验,对墙片的破坏特征、裂缝的发展过程、滞回特性、结构延性等技术指标进行对比分析,结果表明,采用纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙有助于提高墙体的开裂荷载,增加结构的延性,改善墙体的抗震性能。     

反馈迭代法压制表面多次波效果分析

地震数据处理通常假定反射数据仅由一次波组成,地震勘探资料中的表面多次波通常被视为相干噪音予以压制.基于波动方程预测的反馈迭代法为数据驱动的方法,可有效压制复杂地下介质的表面多次波,通常可由级数展开法和迭代法两种方法实现.文中分别从理论阐述以及应用效果分析方面对基于波动方程预测的反馈迭代法的两种实现途径进行研究,并采用GPU/CPU协同并行加速计算预测表面多次波,改善以往CPU计算效率低的状况.文中对含表面多次波的炮数据和复杂的SMAART模型进行了计算,并将利用级数展开法与迭代法压制表面多次波的效果进行对比分析,结果表明,迭代形式反馈迭代法压制表面多次波的方法效果更佳.由于实现迭代法和级数展开法需要完成的自适应匹配相减的次数不同,迭代法的计算成本略高于级数展开法.     

Optimal nonlinear excitation of decadal variability of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation

Nonlinear development of salinity perturbations in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation （THC） is investigated with a three-dimensional ocean circulation model, using the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation method. The results show two types of optimal initial perturbations of sea surface salinity, one associated with freshwater and the other with salinity. Both types of perturbations excite decadal variability of the THC. Under the same amplitude of initial perturbation, the decadal variation induced by the freshwater perturbation is much stronger than that by the salinity perturbation, suggesting that the THC is more sensitive to freshwater than salinity perturbation. As the amplitude of initial perturbation increases, the decadal variations become stronger for both perturbations. For salinity perturbations, recovery time of the THC to return to steady state gradually saturates with increasing amplitude, whereas this recovery time increases remarkably for freshwater perturbations. A nonlinear （advective） feedback between density and velocity anomalies is proposed to explain these characteristics of decadal variability excitation. The results are consistent with previous ones from simple box models, and highlight the importance of nonlinear feedback in decadal THC variability.     

基于数字锁相环的GPS可驯钟系统研究

介绍了可驯钟系统的基本原理及实现的一般方法,在分析GPS可驯钟一般实现方法的不足的基础上设计了一种全数字锁相环的实现方案,并使用该方法研制了GPS可驯钟系统.实际测量结果表明,使用该方法后本地1 PPS输出稳定度优于常规方法.     

烟圈反演和视纵向电导解释方法对比

基于浮动薄板理论,研究瞬变电磁场层状介质中视纵向电导的计算方法,利用遗传算法代替常用的阻尼最小二乘法来获取关键参数。进行“烟圈”反演计算,并分别采用3层H (K)型和4层HK型地电模型对比视纵向电导曲线和电阻率—深度曲线。结果表明,“烟圈”反演具有不需初始模型、计算简便等优点,在定性反演方面,视纵向电导解释方法可以更准确地划分电性层,且能够比较直观地体现电性变化趋势。      

Embedding complex hydrology in the regional climate system – Dynamic coupling across different modelling domains

To improve our understanding of the impacts of feedback between the atmosphere and the terrestrial water cycle including groundwater and to improve the integration of water resource management modelling for climate adaption we have developed a dynamically coupled climate–hydrological modelling system. The OpenMI modelling interface is used to couple a comprehensive hydrological modelling system, MIKE SHE running on personal computers, and a regional climate modelling system, HIRHAM running on a high performance computing platform. The coupled model enables two-way interaction between the atmosphere and the groundwater via the land surface and can represent the lateral movement of water in both the surface and subsurface and their interactions, not normally accounted for in climate models. Meso-scale processes are important for climate in general and rainfall in particular. Hydrological impacts are assessed at the catchment scale, the most important scale for water management. Feedback between groundwater, the land surface and the atmosphere occurs across a range of scales. Recognising this, the coupling was developed to allow dynamic exchange of water and energy at the catchment scale embedded within a larger meso-scale modelling domain. We present the coupling methodology used and describe the challenges in representing the exchanges between models and across scales. The coupled model is applied to one-way and two-way coupled simulations for a managed groundwater-dominated catchment, the Skjern River, Denmark. These coupled model simulations are evaluated against field observations and then compared with uncoupled climate and hydrological model simulations. Exploratory simulations show significant differences, particularly in the summer for precipitation and evapotranspiration the coupled model including groundwater and the RCM where groundwater is neglected. However, the resulting differences in the net precipitation and the catchment runoff in this groundwater dominated catchment were small. The need for further decadal scale simulations to understand the differences and insensitivity is highlighted.     

FAST模型接收机中的本地振荡器

介绍了以国家半导体公司的LMX2306芯片为主要元件,构建的锁相环型振荡器.该设计具有电路简易,输出频率可由计算机实时控制,功耗小,输出稳定等优点.该振荡器用于FAST模型接收机,作为基带混频的本地振荡器.在观测实验中,证明该振荡器工作正常,性能稳定.     

Regime Behavior in the Sea Surface Temperature-Cloud Radiative Forcing Relationships over the Pacific Cold Tongue Region

Previous analyses on the estimates of water vapor and cloud-related feedbacks in the tropics usually use observations over the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) period (1985–89). To examine the sample dependence of previous estimates, the authors extend the analysis to two additional periods: 1990–94 and 1995–99. The results confirm our hypothesis, i.e., the values of the feedbacks depend on the period of data coverage. The differences in the feedbacks from cloud radiative forcings (CRFs) estimated from the three periods are particularly significant. Two possible causes for these differences are proposed. First, a regime behavior in the CRFs-Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) relationship over the cold tongue region is revealed: when SSTA is below –0.5oC, the CRFs anomalies are insensitive to the SSTA; when the SSTA is between –0.5oC and 2.0oC, the CRF anomalies are positively correlated with the SSTA; however, when the SSTA exceeds 2.0oC, the CRF anomalies decrease with the SSTA. This regime behavior is due to the regime behavior of cirrostratus and deep convective clouds. Second, the CRFs-SSTA relationship is regulated by remote forcings. Warming of the far eastern equatorial Pacific would reduce the water vapor convergence over the central Pacific by weakening the trade wind over the southeastern Pacific, thereby reducing the feeding of moisture to the convective flow. The results suggest that CRFs-SSTA relationships during ENSO events are nonlinear and strongly depend on the magnitude and the spatial distribution of the SSTA.