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191.
Assessment of reliability in water distribution networks using entropy based measures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
K. Awumah I. Goulter S. K. Bhatt 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1990,4(4):309-320
Entropy based expressions for measurement of reliability and redundancy have recently been reported. These measures approach assessment of the reliability of the distribution network from the intrinsic redundancy of the network layout. The paper extends earlier work on entropy functions by including a more explicit statement of the alternate paths available in the network and by recognizing that under certain circumstances, e.g., failure of some part of the network work, an outflow link from a node under normal working condition may become an inflow link to the same node. The measures are assessed by comparison with parameters measuring Nodal Pair Reliability and percentage of flow supplied at adequate pressure for a range of networks and link failure conditions in this networks. The entropy measures are shown to reflect changes in the network reliability, as measured by these two comparative parameters, very well. 相似文献
192.
Cost-effective network design for groundwater flow monitoring 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The extensive use of groundwater resources has increased the need for developing cost-effective monitoring networks to provide an indication of the degree to which the subsurface environment has been affected by human activities. This study presents a cost-effective approach to the design of groundwater flow monitoring networks. The groundwater network design is formulated with two problem formats: maximizing the statistical monitoring power for specified budget constraint and minimizing monitoring cost for statistical power requirement. The statistical monitoring power constraint is introduced with an information reliability threshold value. A branch and bound technique is employed to select the optimal solution from a discrete set of possible network alternatives. The method is tested to the design of groundwater flow monitoring problem in the Pomona County, California. 相似文献
193.
Results from a new model of river basin evolution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper briefly describes a model of the erosional development of catchments and their channel networks. The model differentiates between the dominant transport processes in hillslope and channels. The development of channels and hillslopes occurs in an integrated manner as a function of physically observable mechanisms. The growth of a river basin is qualitatively described. The model concepts are used to study the basin during periods of growth (transient periods), as well as during dynamic equilibrium. This leads to hypotheses about the relationship between slopes, relief, tectonic uplift, erodability, runoff, and catchment area. It is shown that the model leads to very reasonable and desirable behaviour of hillslopes during retreat and degradation. 相似文献
194.
(姜效典,张维岗)Applyingartificialneuralnetworkstoachievequantitativedivisionofpotentialfocalregions¥Xiao-DianJIANGandWei-GangZHANG(... 相似文献
195.
人工神经网络在天气预报中的应用研究 总被引:14,自引:4,他引:14
介绍了将人工神经元网络用于灾害性天气(暴雨)预报研究的情况,分析了天气预报问题的数学提法及困难所在,神经元网络用于天气预报的原理,暴雨预报的特点及我们对网络模型的改进。结果表明,神经风格确可通过学习从原始数据中提取足够的分类信息,达到较好的预报准确率,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
196.
本文把神经网络方法引进地震预报研究当中。使用地震频次,最大震级,平均震级,等价地震次数等多项地震活动性指标作为神经网络的输入,未来时段内的最大地震震级作为其输出,可以对某一固定地区的最大地震震级作出中近期预报。选用的神经网络模型为含两个中间层的前向模型,并采用BP算法。所得结果表明,用神经网络方法可以在一定精度范围内使震级预报的内检符合率达到100%,在本文的例子中,外推预报准确率达到60%以上。 相似文献
197.
介绍了BP网络的特点,阐述了它在位场资料解释中应用的方法、特点和可行性。通过模型计算证实了该方法在位场异常识别中的效果,正确率达97%。此外,通过修改网络单元的激发函数,增强网络的稳定性和内插功能,使BP网络在多层密度界面反演中得到满意的结果,模型和实例计算证明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
198.
膨胀土判别与分类的人工神经网络方法 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
提出了运用神经网络理论对膨胀土进行判别与分类的方法。通过对安康膨胀土的实测数据分析,建立了研究膨胀土判别与分类的计算机智能专家系统。结果表明,用人工神经网络方法对膨胀土进行判别与分类的准确率很高,它无需在判别因子与预测目标之间建立基于某种理论的经验统计关系,该方法具有重要的实用价值。 相似文献
199.
The Heihe River drainage basin is one of the endangered ecological regions of China. The shortage of water resources is the bottleneck, which constrains the sustainable development of the region. Many scholars in China have done researches concerning this problem. Based on previous researches, this paper analyzed characteristics, tendencies, and causes of annual runoff variations in the Yingluo Gorge (1944–2005) and the Zhengyi Gorge (1954–2005), which are the boundaries of the upper reaches, the middle reaches, and the lower reaches of the Heihe River drainage basin, by wavelet analysis, wavelet neural network model, and GIS spatial analysis. The results show that: (1) annual runoff variations of the Yingluo Gorge have principal periods of 7 years and 25 years, and its increasing rate is 1.04 m3/s·10y; (2) annual runoff variations of the Zhengyi Gorge have principal periods of 6 years and 27 years, and its decreasing rate is 2.25 m3/s·10y; (3) prediction results show that: during 2006–2015, annual runoff variations of the Yingluo and Zhengyi gorges have ascending tendencies, and the increasing rates are respectively 2.04 m3/s·10y and 1.61 m3/s·10y; (4) the increase of annual runoff in the Yingluo Gorge has causal relationship with increased temperature and precipitation in the upper reaches, and the decrease of annual runoff in the Zhengyi Gorge in the past decades was mainly caused by the increased human consumption of water resources in the middle researches. The study results will provide scientific basis for making rational use and allocation schemes of water resources in the Heihe River drainage basin. 相似文献
200.
神经网络作为一种新的方法体系,具有分布并行处理、非线性映射、自适应学习和鲁棒容错等特性,在模式识别、控制优化和智能信息处理等方面有着广泛的应用。利用MatLab的神经网络工具箱,建立了江苏矿山地质环境质量的评估模型,评估结果经过实际验证,具有较高的可信度和实用性。 相似文献