Slip Rate and Strong Earthquake Dislocation along the Moxi—Mianning Segment of the Xianshuihe Anighe Fault Zone

The results from interpretation of the aerophotos and in-situ seismogeological researches show that there are some obvious late-Quaternary activities along the Moxi-Mianning segment of the Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault zone, with the characteristics of sinistral-slip movement accompanied by some significant vertical slip components. Since late-Quaternary, the average horizontal slip rate of the segment at the south of Moxi along the Xianshuihe fault is 6.0～9.9mm/a and 4.7～5.3mm/a along the segment at the north of Mianning of the Anninghe fault. The results from the investigation of coseismic dislocation and ground rupture show that the ground rupture caused by 1876 Kangding-Luding earthquake with M 7 3/ 4 can extend to the south of Tianwan. The segment at the north of Mianning of the Anninghe fault has a background for producing M7.5 earthquake and the geological record of the last strong earthquake must be the proofs of the 1327 earthquake with M>6.0 with poor historical records.     

论走滑断层作用的几个主要问题

介绍了走滑断层作用研究前缘的若干主要方面。认为普遍使用走滑断层的术语外，在大陆上当断层性质不明时可使用平移断层。强调了单剪机制对大型走滑断层形成的作用，并评论了Ｘ破裂的纯剪理论。基于我国郯庐断裂带等的研究成果，提出走滑断层作用的若干新概念。指出剪曲（牵引）构造不同于雁列褶皱。认为中国地质学家从地质力学研究走滑断层的旋转构造已有卓绝的成就，只要同世界科学接轨，就会获得新的巨大生命力。文中描述了确定位移的方法，提出平移幅度与错距是两个不同的概念。强调了剪切热在大陆构造中的作用，提出走滑剪切带演化中剪切变形－断裂动热变质－重熔岩浆作用旋回。讨论了剪切成矿作用及已成矿体、矿带的走滑错移及变形。划分了三种基本走滑盆地类型及论证了大陆浅源走滑型地震机制。     

渤海莱州湾南岸平原黄土阜地貌及其古地理意义

在莱州湾南岸滨海平原上发现一种新地貌类型黄土阜。研究表明，它形成于晚更新世晚玉木冰期。在此寒冷时期，渤海曾水退为平原，由于极少植被覆盖，形成陆架荒漠。裸露的海底松散沉积物被强劲的北风向南吹扬搬运，于南岸平原有利地形位置上沉积下来，形成厚层砂质黄土，并顺风向形成了阜状黄土地貌。     

海城地震前短期宏观前兆的可能机制

依据黄海、渤海及邻近地区的实测地应力结果,探讨了活动断裂的走向与区域最大水平主应力方向的关系。结果表明:如果活动断裂的摩擦系数基本相同,则在构造应力场逐渐增强过程中地区内走向为N52°E和N64°W附近的断层面上的剪应力将首先达到摩擦强度而产生滑动(粘滑或蠕滑);走向为N33°W至N21°E附近的断层则不易滑动。海城地震前的短期宏观前兆可能是在走向有利于滑动的断层面上剪应力较早达到断层的剪切强度(τ_(12)≥τ)而产生蠕滑的结果。     

Oblique subduction, collision of microcontinents and subduction of oceanic ridge: Their implications on the Cretaceous tectonics of Japan

Abstract The Izanagi plate subducted rapidly and obliquely under the accretionary terrane of Japan in the Cretaceous before 85 Ma. A chain of microcontinents collided with it at about 140 Ma. In southwest Japan the major part of it subducted thereafter, but in northeast Japan it accreted and the trench jumped oceanward, resulting in a curved volcanic front. The oblique subduction and the underplated microcon-tinent caused uplifting of high-pressure (high-P) metamorphic rocks and large scale crustal shortening in southwest Japan. The oblique subduction caused left-lateral faulting and ductile shearing in northeast Japan. The arc sliver crossed over the high-temperature (high-T) zone of arc magmatism, resulting in a wide high-T metamorphosed belt. At about 85 Ma, the subduction mode changed from oblique to normal and the tectonic mode changed drastically. Just after this the Kula/Pacific ridge subducted and the subduction rate of the Pacific plate decreased gradually, causing the intrusion of huge amounts of granite magma and the eruption of acidic volcanics from large cauldrons. The oblique subduction of the Pacific plate resumed at 53 Ma and the left-lateral faults were reactivated.     

1988年耿马地震部分余震观测

用MCD—3X型测深地震仪改装后加入一个延时触发记录装置的仪器,在耿马Ms=7.2级地震极震区进行观测,记录到一些小余震。定位在IBM—PC计算机上进行。根据定位结果,计算了地震射线的离源角,用观测到的P波初动方向资料在SCHMIDT网上绘制了方向分布图,作出了一组节面。这是一组由北盘向上逆冲滑动为主引起的地震,破裂具有微小的走滑分量,性质为左旋。这个破裂与耿马主震的以右旋走滑为主的破裂完全不同。利用震源机制结果,结合其它资料对发震应力场和发震断裂进行了讨论和研究。