Emplacement Mechanism of the Akebasitao Pluton: Implications for Regional Tectonic Evolution of West Junggar, NW China

Late Carboniferous to Early Permian A-type granites are extensively distributed throughout the West Junggar region, NW China, and the Akebasitao pluton is extremely distinguished among these plutons. In this paper, we reported new anisotropy of magnetic susceptible (AMS) data combine with detailed field study and audio magnetotelluric (AMT) sounding to assess the three-dimensional shape and magmatic emplacement mechanism of the Akebasitao pluton. The geological features and the AMT sounding indicate that the pluton had a slightly oblique movement of magma from northwest to southeast, which was most likely to correspond to an asymmetrical torch with a laccolith-shaped upper part, and a lower part formed by sub-vertical “root” that was located within its northwestern part, probably controlled by the NE-trending Anqi fault. The AMS fabrics of all the specimens reveal a low Pj value (mean of 1.02) and a low T value (mean of ?0.024), suggesting that the deformation of the AMS ellipsoid is relatively weak. The specimens exhibit both oblate and prolate shapes of the AMS ellipsoid. Magnetic lineations and foliations are randomly distributed throughout the pluton without any preferred orientation. These AMS patterns indicate that the pluton formed in a relatively stable structural environment with no regional extrusion. Therefore, we propose a complex emplacement process in which the magmas reached the shallower crust levels via deep-faults and subsequently occupied the room created by doming, accompanied by stoping near the pluton roof. Additionally, the regional tectonic setting was relatively stable during the emplacement of the Akebasitao pluton, indicating the termination of compressional orogeny during the late Late Carboniferous in the West Junggar region. This conclusion perfectly coincides with the regional tectonic paleogeography, magmatic system, and paleostress field.     

秦岭沙沟街韧性剪切带的岩石磁学、磁组构和运动学涡度分析

秦岭商丹构造带内发育的晚三叠世沙沟街韧性剪切带蕴含大量地质信息,很好地记录了秦岭印支期碰撞造山过程。为了探究该剪切带的运动学特征及其动力学背景,在野外观测、显微构造分析的基础上,对其中发育的糜棱岩进行了磁组构和运动学涡度研究。岩石磁学和磁组构分析结果显示:样品的平均磁化率Km值总体较高,载磁矿物主要为磁铁矿等铁磁性矿物;磁化率各向异性度PJ值较大,表明构造变形较为强烈;形态参数T值多大于0,反映磁化率椭球体以扁球体为主;磁线、面理优势产状与野外观测到的矿物线、面理较为一致。结合磁组构、边界断层以及C面理产状,认为沙沟街韧性剪切带具有左行走滑挤压的运动学特征。运动学涡度Wk值及其分布特征表明,沙沟街剪切带中纯剪切作用所占的比重总体大于简单剪切作用,并且剪切带的核部应位于北界断层附近。综合分析认为,沙沟街韧性剪切带的运动学特征反映了总体斜向汇聚背景下的局部走滑挤压,与商丹带西段发育的同期韧性剪切带具有完全反向的运动学指向,这可能与碰撞导致的侧向挤出构造有关     

大别地块超高压变质省的构造变形研究

构造解析的基本目的是建立构造事件造成的地质体几何学、运动学、动力学和流变学。大陆碰撞造山带内含柯石英及微粒金刚石等矿物组合的超高压（ＵＨＰ） 变质岩的形成和折返,是极为复杂的地球动力学过程。与世界上已知大多数超高压变质带相似,中国大别地块内超高压变质省现今观察到的主体构造形式,主要是在碰撞或超高压变质峰期后伸展体制下形成的。通过对大别超高压变质省内伸展组构及挤压（ 碰撞） 组构的鉴别、分析,结合有关超高压变质带构造学研究领域的简略综述指出,在揭示超高压变质带的形成及折返动力学过程中,构造解析的思维和工作方法是行之有效的     

龙门山南段邛西断层转折褶皱磁组构及其有限应变

龙门山南段位于四川盆地以西,其新生代构造变形特征对于认识青藏高原东缘的变形机制具有一定的指示意义。磁组构是一种灵敏的应变指示计,在变形微弱的沉积岩地区尤为适用。在龙门山南段邛西断层转折褶皱不同构造部位选取48个采样点开展磁组构研究,分析断层转折褶皱的有限应变特征及区域构造变形机制。实验结果表明,邛西地区上白垩统中主要载磁矿物为高矫顽力的赤铁矿,背斜整体应变较弱,且存在3种类型的磁组构,以沉积磁组构和初始变形磁组构为主,铅笔状磁组构少见,主要存在于靠近褶皱中段的前翼部位,说明断层转折褶皱前翼较后翼和核部应变强,且中段地层应变较其他部位更为强烈。此外,各采样点磁线理的优势方位为近南北向（N10°E）,表明邛西断层转折褶皱的形成与龙门山南段晚新生代近东西向的地壳水平缩短有关,暗示龙门山南段的最大主压应力方向在晚新生代存在转变的可能。     

Assessment of rock geomechanical quality by quantitative rock fabric coefficients: Limitations and possible source of misinterpretations

Rock microfabrics were quantified by image measurement system (petrographic image analysis) of thin sections. Along with common measured parameters (grain area and size, length of major and minor axes and their orientation), some quantitative parameters (aspect ratio, grain boundary smoothness) and fabric coefficients (micropetrographic quality index (K), “texture” coefficient (TC), indexes of interlocking (t) and grain size homogeneity (g)) were determined. The reliability of these parameters for the evaluation of geomechanical properties was tested on the set of granitic rocks showing pronounced variability in rock mechanical properties. None of the tested rock fabric coefficients or parameters proved a close correlation to rock mechanical properties except grain size. Based on experimental findings, the grain size is, along with porosity, the controlling factor of rock mechanical properties of genetically and mineralogically similar rocks. Obliteration of the real effects of rock fabric parameters on the mechanical properties of rocks by application of complex fabric coefficients disables their practical use in petrography applied to geomechanics.     

基于磁组构特征的江汉平原全新世古洪水事件

在对江汉平原江陵剖面全新世沉积物的沉积环境和年代学分析的基础上, 利用由现代洪水沉积所建立的洪泛沉积物磁组构参数标志, 对江汉平原全新世以来的古洪水事件进行了初步研究.结果表明: (1) 江汉平原全新世以来(有史料记载前), 共有55个特大洪水沉积层(事件). (2) 全新世以来特大洪水(期) 演化可分为两个大的阶段: 第一阶段(9875~3000aBP) 低频期, 该阶段洪水发生频率不高, 且洪水周期比较稳定, 主要以近千年和500~625a周期为主; 第二阶段(3000aBP~现在) 为洪水频发期.洪水发生的周期以300~200a为主, 反映出洪水发生的频率具有加快的趋势.      

青藏高原东缘鲜水河断裂带磁组构特征及构造意义

为了探究鲜水河断裂带的几何学、运动学特征,在野外构造、显微构造分析基础上,研究了鲜水河断裂带296块构造岩定向样品的磁组构特征和热磁特征,结果显示样品的平均磁化率km值总体较小,属微弱磁性到弱磁性;热磁实验及其显微构造表明顺磁性的页硅酸盐(如黑云母)等矿物对糜棱岩类样品磁化率贡献较大;磁化率各向异性度PJ总体较大,表明鲜水河断裂带构造变形强烈;磁化率椭球体形状参数T总体大于0,扁率E总体在1附近分布,说明鲜水河断裂带磁化率椭球体以扁圆形为主,整体上磁面理较磁线理发育,进一步显示出鲜水河断裂带构造变形样式以剪切、压扁为主,伴有拉伸的构造变形,同时也反映出鲜水河断裂带多次变形的综合特征;最小磁化率主轴Kmin方位表明鲜水河断裂带北段和南段分别受近EW向和NE-SW向主压应力控制;同时Kmin方位及其倾伏角特征显示鲜水河断裂带总体以左行走滑剪切为主,北段两侧块体在鲜水河断裂带两次不同的构造活动时期,各自有一定的相对抬升,但抬升幅度均不大;南段则是SW块体相对NE块体抬升,抬升幅度较大;整个断裂带特征显示出鲜水河断裂带在向南发展逐渐转化为挤压构造,这可能与青藏高原物质的向东逃逸受阻以及鲜水河断裂带与龙门山断裂带在此交接的地质背景不无关系.     

滇黔桂金三角区微细浸染型金矿床的盆地流体成因模式

对滇黔桂金三角区二叠纪和三叠纪沉积岩系中微细浸染型金矿床系统的组构学和矿床地球化学研究表明，这类矿床具有大量的同生沉积-准同生成岩阶段的成因特征，是在沉积物沉积-成岩期间就已经成矿。硫、铅、碳等稳定同位素以及稀土元素和其它微量元素均一致显示，矿石及其主岩具有统一的物源并经历了一致的地质作用过程。氢氧和碳氧同位素组成反映了沉积盆地流体的特征。沉积有机质在成矿过程中起了重要的作用。综合各方面的研究，作者提出了全新的盆地流体成因模式。     

斜长石组构与下地壳各向异性

着重阐述了下地壳各向异性特征与成因,研究内容和方法,各向异性动力学意义,并强调指出斜长石在下地壳物理环境下的塑性变形过程中形成的组构或晶格优选方法（ＬＰＯ）是下地壳地震波各向异性之主因。     

新疆西准噶尔地区唐巴勒超基性岩体地幔岩残体的超微构造与组构特征

用弗氏台及透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ），对唐巴勒超基性岩体中碎斑状纯橄岩及糜棱岩化斜辉橄榄岩内主要造岩矿物──镁橄榄石的组构与超微构造进行了研究，两种手段所获结果基本一致。它们的位错组态各具特色；碎斑状纯橄岩内的幔成镁橄榄石表现出位错列特征，根据单根位错及位错列得出的布氏矢量为α［１００］，滑移系为（０１０）［１００］。在糜棱岩化斜辉橄榄岩内的幔成镁橄榄石表现出典型的多层结构，而且滑移方向明显，测定的速线方向为［２１１］，进一步还形成了许多出溶物。它们的位错密度、应力或活动性表现出前者小于后者，根据中粗粗幔成镁橄榄石及细粒重结晶或微粒变晶壳成镁橄榄石的组构特征分析它们的滑移系，前者为（０１０）［１００］，后者为（０１０）［００１］。再结合它们的赋存部位及其形成机理分析，北部与南部，深部与浅部或幔成与壳成矿物的组构或组态特征存在差异是理所当然的。这些特征之研究，对于分析铬铁矿等矿产的成矿与找矿具有一定的地质意义。