Excel 在坐标法测设曲线中的应用

利用Excel软件计算带有缓和曲线的圆曲线放样数据,可有效解决坐标的计算问题,提高内业工作效率,并提出坐标法测设曲线的方法,分析了在不同的情况下,如何选择合适的坐标放样方法保证曲线测设的精度。     

利用新方法确定的30′×30′全球大地水准面模型及其精度评估

利用不同于Stokes、Molodensky等经典理论的新方法确定了30′×30′全球大地水准面。该方法充分利用了高精度地球重力场模型EGM2008、数字高程模型DTM2006.0以及全球地壳密度模型CRUST2.0。计算的30′×30′全球大地水准面与同分辨率的EGM2008大地水准面及美国、澳大利亚GPS水准数据进行了比较,结果表明,计算大地水准面与截断至360阶的30′×30′EGM2008大地水准面的精度相当,在全球范围,两者差值的标准差为2.9cm;在美国、澳大利亚区域,计算大地水准面的精度分别为28cm和14cm。     

基于时间序列分析和灰色理论的建筑物沉降预测模型研究

基于时间序列分析方法建立建筑物沉降预测模型,其中通过二次移动平均法提取出沉降监测序列中的趋势项,并在此基础上采用灰色系统理论动态GM（1,1）模型进行趋势项预测。实际算例结果表明,该模型能够较好地预测沉降变化的发展趋势,并具有较高的预测精度,证明了该预测模型具有一定的可行性和有效性。     

一种GIS空间知识分析的影像纹理尺度提取算法

本文提出了一种基于GIS领域空间知识的影像纹理尺度提取方法:该方法分析了GIS领域知识辅助下人类对纹理特征的认知过程,对4个步骤的具体实现算法进行探讨;并选取海南省昌江县作为研究区域,实验证明了本方法的有效性,且与传统的枚举法相比,在性能相近的情况下其效率显著提高,更适合于大数据量遥感影像分类运算。     

基于坐标差分的山体变形监测方法探讨

在本文中提出了全站仪自由设站坐标差分的观测方法,论述了该方法的原理、误差分析,以及其在山体变形监测中的应用。对在特殊环境下的变形观测有一定的指导意义。     

PTrees: A point-based approach to forest tree extraction from lidar data

This paper introduces PTrees, a multi-scale dynamic point cloud segmentation dedicated to forest tree extraction from lidar point clouds. The method process the point data using the raw elevation values (Z) and compute height (H = Z − ground elevation) during post-processing using an innovative procedure allowing to preserve the geometry of crown points. Multiple segmentations are done at different scales. Segmentation criteria are then applied to dynamically select the best set of apices from the tree segments extracted at the various scales. The selected set of apices is then used to generate a final segmentation. PTrees has been tested in 3 different forest types, allowing to detect 82% of the trees with under 10% of false detection rate. Future development will integrate crown profile estimation during the segmentation process in order to both maximize the detection of suppressed trees and minimize false detections.     

A multi-index learning approach for classification of high-resolution remotely sensed images over urban areas

In recent years, it has been widely agreed that spatial features derived from textural, structural, and object-based methods are important information sources to complement spectral properties for accurate urban classification of high-resolution imagery. However, the spatial features always refer to a series of parameters, such as scales, directions, and statistical measures, leading to high-dimensional feature space. The high-dimensional space is almost impractical to deal with considering the huge storage and computational cost while processing high-resolution images. To this aim, we propose a novel multi-index learning (MIL) method, where a set of low-dimensional information indices is used to represent the complex geospatial scenes in high-resolution images. Specifically, two categories of indices are proposed in the study: (1) Primitive indices (PI): High-resolution urban scenes are represented using a group of primitives (e.g., building/shadow/vegetation) that are calculated automatically and rapidly; (2) Variation indices (VI): A couple of spectral and spatial variation indices are proposed based on the 3D wavelet transformation in order to describe the local variation in the joint spectral-spatial domains. In this way, urban landscapes can be decomposed into a set of low-dimensional and semantic indices replacing the high-dimensional but low-level features (e.g., textures). The information indices are then learned via the multi-kernel support vector machines. The proposed MIL method is evaluated using various high-resolution images including GeoEye-1, QuickBird, WorldView-2, and ZY-3, as well as an elaborate comparison to the state-of-the-art image classification algorithms such as object-based analysis, and spectral-spatial approaches based on textural and morphological features. It is revealed that the MIL method is able to achieve promising results with a low-dimensional feature space, and, provide a practical strategy for processing large-scale high-resolution images.     

基于改进的Kriging法区域似大地水准面精化分析

区域似大地水准面精化研究主要是用于测绘学科,将精化结果应用到绘制地形图中,减少户外工作量,降低人力成本。传统采用的Kriging法在精化时会出现误差,精度值不达标。所以,改用了一种基于已知的拟合残差进行计算的改进方法重新精化研究。将改进的Kriging法与传统的Kriging法对比后,改进后的方法精化结果的拟合精度明显要高于传统方法。     

农村土地确权勘测定界中界址点测量方法探讨

界址点测量是土地确权勘测定界的重要工作之一。文中介绍了界址点的不同测量方法,主要包括全站仪坐标测量法、常规GPS-RTK测量法、单基站CORS测量法和网络CORS测量法,并以实例分析了这四种不同测量方法的精度,得出了有益的结论。