灰色优势分析在摇床操作参数优化中的应用

运用灰色优势分析法对摇床选矿过程中冲程、床面坡度、给矿浓度和给矿量等操作参数对选矿效果（精矿品位和业矿回收率）的影响进行了研究,获得了摇床选别细粒砂矿影响因素的显著性序次;对精矿品位影响的显著性依次是冲程、床面坡度、给矿量和给矿浓度;对精矿回收率影响的显著性依次是冲程、给矿量、床面坡度和给矿浓度。该结论为摇床选别细粒砂矿进一步调优试验指明了方向。     

Deterioration of the volcanic kerb and pavement stones in a humid environment in the city centre of Izmir, Turkey

?zmir is the third largest city in Turkey and has being the centre of art, culture, tourism and trade activities throughout the 5,000 years of its history. Natural stones brought from different parts of the world have been widely used for construction of the prestigious buildings, monuments and roads etc., in the past in the city. Renovation of the street pavements and public gathering areas in the city centre has been undertaken by the Metropolitan Municipality in 2000 and continued through the year of 2001. These renovation activities have mainly been carried out in the streets running parallel to the sea shore. Volcanic rocks brought from the Central Anatolia Ankara-Gölba?? (andesites) and Kayseri-?ncesu (tuffs) have been used in the renovation works. These rocks have shown extensive deteriorations within 4 years of their usage between 2001 and 2005 under the influence of different environmental factors. In this study, the deteriorations developed in the recently placed volcanic rocks used as kerb and pavement stones in the city centre of ?zmir in the light of their mineralogical, chemical, physical and mechanical properties, used locations and the environmental factors are presented.     

Accuracy and reliability-based region-specific recalibration of dynamic pile formulas

Many state departments of transportation and consulting firms continue to use dynamic formulas because they are simple and inexpensive as compared to the preferred dynamic loading test with signal matching. Efforts to reduce the error and uncertainty associated with dynamic formulas are therefore warranted until dynamic monitoring becomes standard for every driven pile. However, dynamic formulas calibrated to national test pile databases have indicated inaccuracy and high uncertainty in the capacity prediction using dynamic formulas. A region-specific dynamic load test database was used to assess the accuracy and uncertainty in the Janbu, Danish and FHWA Gates formulas, recalibrate the equations for local conditions (construction practice, geology) and to generate resistance factors for use with Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). Following recalibration, the capacity predictions became more accurate, and an observed dependence of the accuracy on the magnitude of resistance was eliminated for most driving conditions (e.g. end-of-driving, restrike). Previously reported static load test data were used to incorporate the transformation error associated with using the dynamic capacity to predict an equivalent static capacity. Resistance factors for use in Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) were developed in consideration of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials–recommended load statistics and target reliability indices. Efficiency factors were used to assess the economic performance of each dynamic formula. Comparison of the accuracy and uncertainty of the recalibrated equations to a nationwide calibration illustrated the advantage of using a geologic-specific database for the calibration of resistance factors.     

新疆乌兰乌苏物候变化规律及其对气候变化的响应

分析新疆乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站1980—2002年物候与相应气候因子资料,得出乌兰乌苏23a来气温增高,降水增多,气候增暖增湿;候鸟停留时间增长,与积温、日照时数和降水量的年变化趋势一致,除降水外,其他均存在显著正相关关系;木本植物生育期延长,与4—10月平均气温、平均相对湿度、总日照时数和总降水量趋势一致;初霜和终霜均推迟,无霜期缩短;初雪和初次积雪提前,终雪推迟,冬季雪日增长;积雪开始融化提前,完全融化推迟,融化时间增长;土壤表面开始解冻日期趋势提前,而土壤表面开始冻结日期趋势推迟。另外,通过物候与气象因子建立的最优回归方程,获得物候对气候响应的定量关系,为生态环境研究提供一定的理论依据。     

2000-2013年甘肃敦煌市土地利用变化及其驱动因素分析

将2000、2005、2010和2013年的土地利用类型数据与GIS技术结合,获取了甘肃省敦煌市近年来土地利用类型动态变化特征,并结合该地区的2000年以来社会经济和自然环境的资料,分析土地利用类型变化的驱动因素.结果表明：在2000-2013年期间,敦煌市城市化发展迅速,耕地、建设用地和水域面积明显增加,2000-2013年的14建分别增长了10.0%、42.2%和2.5%;草地和未利用土地面积呈减少趋势,分别减少了2.1%和0.1%;林地、沙地变化程度较小. 7种土地利用类型之间相互转换,主要的转移方向为草地、未利用土地向耕地转移,未利用土地向建设用地和水域转变.对影响土地利用变化的而主要驱动因素进行主成分分析,结果显示经济发展、国家政策等人类活动为主要的影响因素,自然因素为辅.     

准噶尔盆地中拐地区下侏罗统层序地层特征与聚煤控制因素分析

在分析前人对准噶尔盆地层序地层学研究成果的基础上,综合应用岩心、测井和地震资料,对准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐地区下侏罗统进行层序地层划分,总结了层序和体系域界面的识别标志,将下侏罗统划分为4个三级层序和7个体系域,同时叙述了各三级层序的结构特征。通过对层序内含煤岩系的发育特点分析,发现其主力煤层主要发育在JSQI和JSQ3湖侵体系域中,本文作者认为研究区内湖侵时期为有利的聚煤时期,聚煤作用主要受构造沉降、物源供给、气候和沉积环境等因素的控制。     

Rain-induced debris and mudflow triggering factors assessment in the Santiago cordilleran foothills,Central Chile

Debris and mudflows are some of the main geological hazards in the mountain foothills of the Chilean capital city of Santiago. There, the risk of flows triggered in the basins of ravines that drain the range into the city increases with time due to the city growth. A multivariate statistical study based on the logistic regression method is presented. The model provides equations that allow the computation of combined meteorological triggering factors associated with a probability of rain-induced flow occurrence. Daily rainfall, accumulated rainfall and the snowfall level, traditionally considered as the relevant factors, are analysed for a 25-year period. The results show a strong relevance of the rainfall on the day of the flow event over the other factors. However, the relatively low probabilities returned for some real flow events suggest that the model does not capture all the significant variables and the problem is more complex than as it has been traditionally assumed, and further investigations are needed to develop predictive models of flow triggering.     

石油污染对冻土热传导的影响

Complex experimental research of thermal properties of oil-contaminated frozen soils was carried out. On the basis of the obtained results the influence of the various factors connected with oil pollution on heat transfer in frozen soils was analyzed. And the model of heat transfer in frozen soils was offered.     

湖北省土壤侵蚀景观空间异质性及驱动因子分析

地域分异是地球表层大小不等、内部具有一定相似性地段之间的相互分化以及由此产生的差异。为了研究不同区位土壤侵蚀问题，从土壤生态景观及系统论出发，运用地质学、地理学、景观生态学、环境学的理论和研究方法，研究湖北省土壤侵蚀景观空间格局及其驱动因子，使土壤侵蚀问题研究提高到一个新的水平。湖北省土壤侵蚀景观具有南北分带、东西分区，为一不对称的断块一环组合，土壤流呈现向长江、江汉盆地中心轴带辐聚、单流向特点。景观空间异质性形成的首要驱动因子是大地构造背景，以房县一襄樊一广济断裂带为界，南北两侧地壳物质组成和构造发展史存在较明显的差异，现代气候带、降雨量、温热程度及土地利用等差异，造成了湖北省区域土壤地理、土壤生态的分异，形成湖北省土壤生态带、区具有南北分带，东西分区的宏观格局；其次大兴安岭一武陵山深部构造陡变带两侧新构造运动强度差异、大别造山带构造强烈隆升，导致土壤侵蚀强度的西强东弱、南北强中间弱的态势；成土母岩差异性决定了土壤可蚀性的多变；空间上“土壤侵蚀内城区”分布在湖北省的周边地区，经济贫困、管理落后，这一地区的经济水平与水土流失间形成“自反馈作用”，这一现象在我国水土保持、生态建设工作中应该引起重视。     

三江平原西部土壤硒分布特征及其影响因素

近年来在黑龙江三江平原局部地区发现有珍贵的富硒土地,但对三江平原土壤硒的分布以及土壤硒含量的控制因素研究较少.三江平原西部地区土地质量地球化学调查发现,该区表层土壤主要以足硒为主,未见硒中毒土壤,富硒土壤主要分布于完达山山前至沿挠力河之间的冲湖积低平原地区,少量分布于萝北县城北部的湖成剥蚀台地,硒不足或硒潜在不足地区主...