森林沼泽区矿产资源地球化学勘查

通过景观调查和中大比例尺化探方法试验,对我国东北森林沼泽区景观地球化学特征、元素存在形式、迁移富集机制、影响因素、采样介质、采样粒度、采样方法等理论和方法技术问题进行研究,提出该类地区元素表生分散富集的某些地球化学规律和中大比例尺化探工作方法.     

宝鸡簸箕山滑坡地震勘探

宝鸡簸箕山滑坡是宝鸡市区的一个大型滑坡,危及许多市民及建筑的安全。为进一步了解滑坡体的细微结构及其滑面形态,中奥双方于1999年和2000年两次对簸箕山滑坡进行了地震勘探。本文详细介绍了地震勘探测线布设、各条测线的勘探及分析、解释结果,为该滑坡的科学治理提供了背景性参考资料。     

矿山工程裂隙破碎带的三维地震模式识别原理及应用效果

本文从时间域、频率域、三维空间域介绍了矿山工程裂隙破碎带主要的地震运动学、动力学属性参数,包括相对振幅、波峰相位时间、相似系数、主频带能量、三维空间时间梯度和相干系数等,提出了矿山工程裂隙破碎带三维地震属性的去噪平滑、归一化、相关分析、特征变换的处理方法以及裂隙破碎带的模式识别原理与方法,并用实例说明了该方法的应用效果。结果表明:模式识别法对于解释矿山工程的裂隙破碎带是有效的,并具有广阔的应用前景。     

对地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的可行性和需求的初步分析

运用软件工程的可行性、需求分析基本理论和方法，较为详细地对地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的经济可行性和技术可行性进行分析，并对该系统的需求从问题分析、需求描述、需求规格简要说明三个方面进行初步分析。证明了地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统是可行的；地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的需求分析细化后形成的需求规格说明是可以预见的；本软件系统的市场潜力巨大，值得进一步研究分析。     

济阳坳陷横波速度研究及应用

随着多波勘探的发展,横波已越来越多地应用在实际勘探生产中,横波速度参数研究对于指导勘探是十分必要的.笔者利用纵横波VSP测井得到的纵横波速度,根据最小平方误差建立的速度模型,建立了济阳坳陷的纵波、横波、转换波速度参数,应用转换波速度参数提高了盐家地区的多波资料解释精度;利用多种资料总结出纵横波速度关系,为本区今后开展多波勘探提供基础资料.     

论油气化探精查技术及其应用

油气化探精查技术是在盆地有利聚集区(带)进行化探和石油地质详查的基础上,对圈闭进行含油气性评价并优选钻探目标的化探精细调查技术.它是包含样品采集、实验测试、信息提取和解释评价等为一体的系列技术.简述精查技术产生的背景,在论述化探精查技术及其在中国中东部地区的应用效果的基础上,展望该项新技术在西部油气勘探中的应用前景.     

从洛杉矶地区地震实验计划说起

简要介绍了美国洛杉矶地震实验计划(LARSE)的研究目的、科学思路以及一些重要的研究成果。受LARSE计划实践的启发，文章对我国即将开展的城市活断层探测研究思路提出了几点科学认识：①进行深浅活动构造相结合的探测，建立直到震源深度的活动断裂立体图像；②实施折射／反射相结合的综合性探测，发展高分辨折射技术，弥补数百米-数千米深度范围成像的不足；③重要的活动断层常常具有一定的规模，在空间上构成复杂的构造格局，因此，活断层探测不能局限在城市，而应在一定的空间范围中进行。     

A STUDY ON THE FLOOD STORAGE CAPACITY IN DONGTING LAKE

1 INTRODUCTION Dongting Lake lies south of the middle reach of the Yangtze River in Hunan and Hubei provinces (Fig. 1). On the north side of Dongting Lake, there are the three diversion openings of the Yangtze River named Songzi, Taiping, and Ouchi, and, on the south and west sides, there are the four tributary streams named Xiang, Zi, Yuan, and Li Rivers. The flow of the three diversion openings and the four tributary streams runs into Dongting Lake, and runs out at Chenglingji a…     

Practical VTI approximations: a systematic anatomy

Transverse isotropy (TI) with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) often provides an appropriate earth model for prestack imaging of steep-dip reflection seismic data. Exact P-wave and SV-wave phase velocities in VTI media are described by complicated equations requiring four independent parameters. Estimating appropriate multiparameter earth models can be difficult and time-consuming, so it is often useful to replace the exact VTI equations with simpler approximations requiring fewer parameters. The accuracy limits of different previously published VTI approximations are not always clear, nor is it always obvious how these different approximations relate to each other. Here I present a systematic framework for deriving a variety of useful VTI approximations. I develop first a sequence of well-defined approximations to the exact P-wave and SV-wave phase velocities. In doing so, I show how the useful but physically questionable heuristic of setting shear velocities identically to zero can be replaced with a more precise and quantifiable approximation. The key here to deriving accurate approximations is to replace the stiffness a₁₃ with an appropriate factorization in terms of velocity parameters. Two different specific parameter choices lead to the P-wave approximations of Alkhalifah (Geophysics 63 (1998) 623) and Schoenberg and de Hoop (Geophysics 65 (2000) 919), but there are actually an infinite number of reasonable parametrizations possible. Further approximations then lead to a variety of other useful phase velocity expressions, including those of Thomsen (Geophysics 51 (1986) 1954), Dellinger et al. (Journal of Seismic Exploration 2 (1993) 23), Harlan (Stanford Exploration Project Report 89 (1995) 145), and Stopin (Stopin, A., 2001. Comparison of v(θ) equations in TI medium. 9th International Workshop on Seismic Anisotropy). Each P-wave phase velocity approximation derived this way can be paired naturally with a corresponding SV-wave approximation. Each P-wave or SV-wave phase velocity approximation can then be converted into an equivalent dispersion relation in terms of horizontal and vertical slownesses. A simple heuristic substitution also allows each phase velocity approximation to be converted into an explicit group velocity approximation. From these, in turn, travel time or moveout approximations can also be derived. The group velocity and travel time approximations derived this way include ones previously used by Byun et al. (Geophysics 54 (1989) 1564), Dellinger et al. (Journal of Seismic Exploration 2 (1993) 23), Tsvankin and Thomsen (Geophysics 59 (1994) 1290), Harlan (89 (1995) 145), and Zhang and Uren (Zhang, F. and Uren, N., 2001. Approximate explicit ray velocity functions and travel times for P-waves in TI media. 71st Annual International Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Expanded Abstracts, 106–109).     

辽宁义县—北票地区义县组地层层序——义县阶标准地层剖面建立和研究之一

义县地区广义的义县组可解体为王家屯组 (暂命名 )和义县组 ;分属王家屯和义县火山旋回 ,前者为偏酸、偏碱性 ,后者主体为中基性、末期为中酸性火山岩系 ,并广泛发育潜火山岩相的玄武玢岩、安山玢岩和火山集块角砾熔岩筒。该区有七个主要沉积层 ,自下而上分别为王家屯组马神庙层、义县组老公沟层、业南沟层、砖城子层、大康堡层、朱家沟层和金刚山层 ;产有较丰富的无脊椎动物、脊椎动物和植物化石。以砖城子层、大康堡层和金刚山层为界 ,义县火山旋回可划分为 4个亚旋回 ,分别代表火山活动的初始期、主期、晚期和末期。北票四合屯地区的义县组相当义县地区义县组的第一和第二亚旋回 ,含鸟类化石的主沉积层 (尖山沟层和上园层 )可与砖城子层对比