已固结岩石中不含游离气体的热流体热动力研究

结合地热地质工作所能采集的数据,在假设实验的条件下,推导出流体膨胀压表达式.它适合于一切温、压条件,并揭示了:[1]流体膨胀压是地热回灌的一个制约因素,在天津地区古近系储层膨胀压是0.53～0.61 MPa;[2]盆地中热源点流体膨胀压是推动流体向热源点、向浅部运移的基本动力;[3]重力势分压(初压)与流体密度相关,密度越小,重力势分压所占比例越少,当流体密度为初始密度一半时,重力势分压为0 MPa,其温度区间是350℃～408℃,与流体的超临界点相关,相当于低阻带深度,在天津地区该深度是8～10 km,即这一深度是流体重力循环的最大深度.     

A statistical test on the local effects of spatially structured variance

Spatial variance is an important characteristic of spatial random variables. It describes local deviations from average global conditions and is thus a proxy for spatial heterogeneity. Investigating instability in spatial variance is a useful way of detecting spatial boundaries, analysing the internal structure of spatial clusters and revealing simultaneously acting geographic phenomena. Recently, a corresponding test statistic called ‘Local Spatial Heteroscedasticity’ (LOSH) has been proposed. This test allows locally heterogeneous regions to be mapped and investigated by comparing them with the global average mean deviation in a data set. While this test is useful in stationary conditions, its value is limited in a global heterogeneous state. There is a risk that local structures might be overlooked and wrong inferences drawn. In this paper, we introduce a test that takes account of global spatial heterogeneity in assessing local spatial effects. The proposed measure, which we call ‘Local Spatial Dispersion’ (LSD), adapts LOSH to local conditions by omitting global information beyond the range of the local neighbourhood and by keeping the related inferential procedure at a local level. Thereby, the local neighbourhoods might be small and cause small-sample issues. In the view of this, we recommend an empirical Bayesian technique to increase the data that is available for resampling by employing empirical prior knowledge. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated by applying it to a Light Detection and Ranging-derived data set with height differences and by making a comparison with LOSH. Our results show that LSD is uncorrelated with non-spatial variance as well as local spatial autocorrelation. It thus discloses patterns that would be missed by LOSH or indicators of spatial autocorrelation. Furthermore, the empirical outcomes suggest that interpreting LOSH and LSD together is of greater value than interpreting each of the measures individually. In the given example, local interactions can be statistically detected between variance and spatial patterns in the presence of global structuring, and thus reveal details that might otherwise be overlooked.     

海洋资源约束与中国海洋经济增长——基于海洋资源“尾效”的计量检验

通过构建海洋资源“尾效”模型,运用面板数据分析方法对中国沿海11省份（不含港澳台）海洋资源“尾效”进行实证研究,结果表明：① 中国海洋资源“尾效”的平均水平为0.032 2,海洋资源对海洋经济增长的约束程度较高,资源利用方式整体呈粗放型。② 沿海各省份海洋资源“尾效”差异显著,其中广东、上海为海洋资源低约束型,海洋资源“尾效”值分别为0.009 4、0.009 8;山东、浙江、江苏、福建、天津、辽宁、河北为海洋资源高约束型,海洋资源“尾效”值介于0.010 0~0.050 0之间;广西、海南为海洋资源强约束型,海洋资源“尾效”值均大于0.050 0。③ 海洋资源“尾效”与涉海从业人员增长率、海洋资源消耗增长率、海洋资源弹性系数、资本弹性系数呈正相关关系,海洋资源消耗速度越快,对海洋经济增长的阻力越大,而劳动力、资本的过度供给会加大海洋资源消耗对海洋经济增长的阻碍力度。因此合理利用海洋资源、优化资源利用方式,合理分配区域人力资源、提高涉海从业人员的科技素质,并推动海洋产业结构优化调整是降低海洋资源“尾效”的关键。     

提高解吸速度是煤层气藏工业化生产的关键

煤层气开采机理是排水—降压解吸—扩散—渗流—生产。提高解吸速度是煤层气藏工业化生产的关键。解吸速度可分为单位体积解吸速度和体积解吸速度。通过井网选择,增大解吸体积、提高解吸体积是实现煤层气工业化生产的有效途径,特别是割理不发育、含气量不太高、致密低渗透煤层气藏工业化生产的可靠措施。方形井网的解吸体积、解吸速度比直线井网大。     

A Study of Eddy Viscosity Coefficient in Numerical Tidal Simulation

Based on the fluid motion equations, the physical meaning of eddy viscosity coefficient and the rationality of the Boussinesq hypothesis are discussed in this paper. The effect of the coefficient on numerical stability is analyzed briefly. A semi-enclosed rectangular sea area, with an orthogonal spur dike, is applied in a 2-D numerical model to study the effect of horizontal eddy viscosity coefficient (AH). The computed result shows that AH has little influence on the tidal level and averaged flow velocity, but has obvious influence on the intensity and the range of return flow around near the spur dike. Correspondingly, a wind-driven current pool and an annular current are applied in a 3-D numerical model respectively to study the effect of vertical eddy viscosity coefficient (Av). The computed result shows that the absolute value of Av is inversely proportional to that of horizontal velocity, and the vertical gradient value of Av determines the vertical distribution of horizontal velocity. The distrib     

复方有机疗效助长剂在日本对虾养殖中的应用效果评析

初步评估了复方有机疗效助长剂在日本对虾养殖中的应用效果。在水湿１９－２９℃、盐度１７－２８下，经４０ｄ饲养，实验池对虾的平均体长为３．９４ｃｍ，增长率为０．８ｍｍ／ｄ平均体重显０．７８ｇ，而对照池对虾的平均体长是２．５４ｃｍ，增长率为０．４３ｍｍ／ｄ，平均体重为０．２５ｇ。实验池对虾的平均体长与体重分别是对照池的１．５５倍、３．１２倍。     

Identifying regional seismic relationships by cross-correlation

The identification of relationships between seismicity in different regions is commonly based on establishing the statistical significance of the largest absolute value in the cross-correlogram between time series of seismicity. The assessment of significance typically ignores the selection of the largest absolute value in the cross-correlogram and consequently exaggerates significance. In this note, a simple method for correcting the significance level for selection is presented. The method is valid as long as the two series are each serially independent. An example concerning seismicity in Mexico and Kamchatka is presented. In this case, correcting for selection has a dramatic effect.     

塔里木盆地古新世海进特征与石膏成因模式

由塔里木及邻区古新统剖面分析,石膏层位于海侵层位的上部,并沿自西向东的海进方向渐次升高.结合生物相分析认为,石膏是在海进条件下形成的,其成因模式符合“分离盆地说”成盐理论.