混合吸附剂分离富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中铂钯金

贵金属分析应用火试金法分离富集时,试金配料复杂、耗时较长,分析成本相对较高,空白较难控制.本文建立了采用过氧化氢-盐酸湿法分解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱同时测定地质样品中Pt、Pd、Au的分析方法.在10％的盐酸介质中,以LSC-400巯基树脂和活性炭为混合吸附剂,采用动态吸附方式对样品中的Pt、Pd、Au分离富集,用Lu作内标元素,195 Pt、197 Au、108 Pd为待测同位素消除了非谱线干扰和谱线干扰,三元素的回收率均大于96.4％.方法检出限(3σ):Pt为0.06 ng/g,Pd为0.08 ng/g,Au为0.12 ng/g,优于火试金等其他分离富集方法的检出限.应用于测定国家标准物质,Pt、Pd、Au的测定结果与标准值相符,12次测定的相对标准偏差均小于16.1％,满足区域地球化学调查样品的分析要求.该方法操作简便、成本低廉,提高了分析速度,有效地降低了测试过程的空白值.     

哌啶树脂在富集分离中应用研究——Ⅰ.岩石矿物中痕量银的分离富集及测定

本文采用410哌啶树脂分离岩石矿物中基体元素后富集痕量Ag。交换酸度为0.25—3.5mol/LHCl介质,树脂柱上的Ag用热的0.5—1.0％硫脲解脱,并以火焰原子吸收法测定。方法简便、快速,用于岩矿中痕量Ag的富集和测定结果满意。     

Spatial and temporal variations in free polyamine distributions in Uranouchi Inlet, Japan

Polyamines are an essential component of living organisms that influence normal cell growth and development. Despite the possible importance of polyamines for marine microbial ecology, concentrations of polyamines in seawater are not well known.Using HPLC analysis with a cation exchange column and OPA reagent, we determined polyamine concentrations in seawater without carrying out desalting, concentration or derivatization steps prior to chromatography.In seawater collected from Uranouchi Inlet, putrescine and spermidine were the predominant polyamines, ranging from undetectable (N.D.) to 4.4 nM and N.D. to 2.8 nM, respectively. Though other polyamines were detected, the frequency of detection was much lower than that of putrescine and spermidine; concentrations ranged from N.D. to 0.9 nM for cadaverine, and N.D. to 3.2 nM for norspermidine. Norspermine and spermine were detected in only a few samples; their concentrations varied from N.D. to 3.2 nM and N.D. to 0.5 nM, respectively. These concentrations were higher in the summer.     

D152树脂对铕(Ⅲ)的吸附作用

研究了D152树脂在NaAc-HAc缓冲体系中对Eu3 的吸附与解吸行为.结果表明:静态饱和吸附容量为340 mg/g;用0.1～2.0 mol/L HCl洗脱,洗脱率为92%以上;测得吸附热力学函数分别为:△H=14.3 kJ/mol、△G298=-1.88 kJ/mol、△S= 54.3 J/(mol·K);等温吸附曲线遵守Freundlich关系式;表观活化能Ea=9.10 kJ/mol,表观速率常数k298= 1.54×10-5s-1.用化学和红外光谱的方法探讨了树脂对Eu3 的吸附机理.     

离子交换树脂催化合成丙烯酸正丁酯

论述了以丙烯酸、正丁醇为原料,离子交换树脂作催化剂,催化合成丙烯酸正丁酯的新工艺。考察了催化剂种类、用量、原料配比、反应时间、阻聚剂用量以及催化剂使用次数等因素对酯化率的影响,确定了催化剂种类和最佳工艺条件。结果表明,７３１强酸性离子交换树脂具有良好的催化活性和选择性,可多次重复使用,酯化率可达８２．０％,产品质量符合国家标准,该工艺操作简单,条件容易控制,对环境无污染。     

Novel Polymeric Resin for Solid Phase Extraction and Determination of Lead in Waters

Interest in preconcentration techniques for the determination of metals at ultratrace levels still continues increasingly because of some disadvantages of flameless atomic absorption spectrometry and the high costs of other sensitive methods in compared to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Among preconcentration techniques, solid‐phase extraction is the most popular because of a number of advantages. In this work, thiol‐containing sulfonamide resin was synthesized, characterized, and applied as a new sorption material for solid phase extraction and determination of lead in natural water samples. The optimization of experimental conditions was performed using the parameters including pH, contact time, and volumes of initial and elution solutions. After preconcentration procedure, FAAS was used for determinations. The synthesized resin exhibits the superiority in compared to the other adsorption reagents because of the fact that there is no necessity of any complexing reagent as well as high sorption capacity. Consequently, 280‐fold improvement in the sensitivity of analytical scheme was achieved by combining the slotted tube atom trap‐atomic absorption spectrometry (STAT‐FAAS) and the developed preconcentration method. The limit of detection was found to be 0.15 ng mL^?1. The Pb²⁺ concentrations in the studied water samples were found to be in the range of 0.9–6.7 ng mL^?1.     

树脂分离富集质谱法测定矿石中痕量铂、钯、金

讨论了王水溶矿、树脂分离富集、在硝酸介质中用质谱法测定铂、钯、金。     

铀试剂螯合形成树脂分离富集极谱连测样品的贵金属元素

采用2-邻胂酸偶氮苯-1, 8-二羟基-3, 6-二磺酸钠(铀试剂) 作为螯合剂制备螯合形成树脂, 并研究了该树脂的性能及对分离富集和测定结果的影响因素。实验发现, 用pH = 1.0的盐酸溶液做淋洗剂、柱高为8 cm、流速为1.00 mL /min、pH = 1.0的3%的硫脲-盐酸40 mL洗脱时, 贵金属离子能和常见的金属离子分离, 定量富集于树脂上。用极谱法测定贵金属元素的标准回收实验表明, 其回收率为94% ～106%。     

紫菜中类菌孢素氨基酸纯化工艺的优化及其抗紫外辐射作用研究

为了筛选纯化紫菜类菌孢素氨基酸(mycosporine-like amino acid,MAAs)的离子交换树脂,优化纯化工艺,并研究纯化后MAAs体外抗紫外辐射活性,本研究通过静态动力学吸附及解析实验,筛选纯化树脂;结合动态动力学吸附及解析单因素实验建立响应面法对SA-2型阳离子树脂纯化MAAs的二次多项式模型,对MAAs的纯化工艺进行优化;通过建立大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的复合紫外线(UVA+UVB)损伤模型,分析纯化后MAAs样品的体外抗辐射活性。结果表明:静态动力学吸附及解析实验筛选出SA-2型阳离子树脂为纯化MAAs的最佳树脂,吸附率和解析率分别为86.01%和56.63%;吸附的最佳工艺条件为:上样液质量浓度3 g/L、上样流速1 m L/min、上样液pH为6、洗脱液体积分数为3%、洗脱流速为1.5 m L/min、洗脱液pH为6;在此条件下吸附率为79.21%,洗脱率为64.02%;纯化后的MAAs样品能有效抑制紫外辐射而造成的损伤,将菌种失活速度分别降低了39.10%和40.58%,表现出显著的抗紫外辐射活性。     

球状壳聚糖树脂对NO_2~-吸附特性的研究

以壳聚糖粉末为原料,采用反相悬浮交联法制备了球状壳聚糖树脂(MCR)。通过静态吸附实验,研究了pH和温度对MCR吸附NO-2的影响以及MCR对水溶液中NO-2的吸附热力学和动力学特性。结果表明,在酸性条件下,313~328K时,MCR对NO-2有较好的吸附性能。吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线模型,属于单分子层吸附。吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型,受粒子内扩散和液膜扩散联合控制。