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71.
《China Geology》2021,4(1):178-184
To study the current status and causes of the microplastic pollution in surface water of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this paper compared the average microplastic abundance in sediments and surface water of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the results are as follows. First, the average microplastic abundance in surface water of the independent rivers and the whole area is 247–2686 items/m3 and 856 items/m3, respectively. The average microplastic abundance in sediments of independent rivers or lakes and the whole area is 0–933 items/m2 and 362 items/m2, respectively. Meanwhile, the degree of microplastic pollution in river sediments is higher than that in lake sediments, and the rivers suffering from microplastic pollution mainly include the Brahmaputra River, Tongtian River, and Nujiang River. Second, compared with the microplastic pollution in other areas of the world, the levelof microplastic pollution in the lakes and rivers of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is not lower than that of well-developed areas with more intensive human activities. Finally, this study suggests that relevant government departments of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau should strengthen waste management strategies while developing tourism and that much attention should be paid to the impacts of microplastics in the water environment.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
72.
黄铁矿是重要的金属硫化物矿物,在多种矿床中均有产出,其标型特征对矿床成因、矿体空间分布等具有重要的指示意义.以扬子板块西缘攀西地区白草矿区黄铁矿为研究对象,利用矿相学、电子探针等分析方法来对比研究浸染状、致密块状、斑杂状、网脉状矿石中黄铁矿的标型元素特征.结果表明:白草矿区黄铁矿Fe、S平均含量(质量分数,下同)分别为... 相似文献
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74.
岩浆包裹体化学成分研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
岩浆包裹体化学成分研究难度较大,为了获得可信的数据,应当注意:1.非演化型岩浆包裹体的化学成分可以代表其初始成分。演化型岩浆包裹体应先均一、淬火后再行测定。2.均一演化型岩浆包裹体应严格遵守加热规则,否则过热作用会使包裹体壁部分熔化,造成淬火后所测包裹体成分与其真正的初始成分并不相当。3.实测资料证明,“边界层效应”对于岩浆包裹体化学成分影响微不足道。4.岩浆包裹体的化学成分只能代表其主矿物结晶时周围岩浆的成分,即仅相当于岩浆液相线上的一个点。5。把显微冷热台测温、激光喇曼探针和电子探针分析技术结合使用,对查明单个包裹体中挥发组分的性状和浓度具有很大的潜力和前途。 相似文献
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77.
Tectonic evolution of lower crustal rocks in an exposed magmatic arc section in the Hidaka metamorphic belt, Hokkaido, northern Japan 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Abstract : The Hidaka metamorphic belt consists of an island-arc assembly of lower to upper crustal rocks formed during early to middle Paleogene time and exhumed during middle Paleogene to Miocene time. The tectonic evolution of the belt is divided into four stages, D0rs, D1, D2rs, and D3, based on their characteristic deformation, metamorphism, and igneous activity. The premetamorphic and igneous stage (D0) involves tectonic thickening of an uppermost Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary accretionary complex, including oceanic materials in the lower part of the complex. D1 is the stage of prograde metamorphism with increasing temperatures at a constant pressure during an early phase, and with a slight decrease of pressure at the peak metamorphic phase, accompanying flattening of metamorphic rocks and intrusions of mafic to intermediate igneous rocks. At the peak, incipient partial melting of pelitic and psammitic gneisses took place in the amphibolite–granulite facies transition zone, the melt and residuals cutting the foliations formed by flattening. In the deep crust, large amounts of S-type tonalite magma formed by crustal anatexis, intruded into the granulite facies gneiss zone and also into the upper levels of the metamorphic sequence during the subsequent stage. During D1 stage, mafic and intermediate magmas supplied and transported heat to form the arc-type crust and at the same time, the magmatic underplating caused extensional doming of the crust, giving rise to flattening and vertical uplifting of the crustal rocks. D2 stage is characterized by subhorizontal top-to-the-south displacement and thrusting of lower to upper crustal rocks, forming a basal detachment surface (décollement) and duplex structures associated with intrusions of S-type tonalite. Deformation structures and textures of high-temperature mylonites formed along the décollement, as well as the duplex structures, show that the D2 stage movement occurred under a N-S trending compressional tectonic regime. The depth of intra-crustal décollement in the Hidaka belt was defined by the effect of multiplication of two factors, the fraction of partial melt which increases downward, and the fluid flux which decreases downward. The crustal décollement, however, might have extended to the crust-mantle boundary and/or to the lithosphere and asthenosphere boundary. The subhorizontal movement was transitional to a dextral-reverse-slip (dextral transpression) movement accompanied by low-temperature mylonitization with retrograde metamorphism, the stage defined as D3. The crustal rocks from the basal décollement to the upper were tilted eastward on the N–S axis and exhumed during the D3 stage. During D2 and D3 stages, the intrusion of crustal acidic magmas enhanced the crustal deformation and exhumation in the compressional and subsequent transpressional tectonic regime. 相似文献
78.
胶东金矿成矿系列硫同位素研究 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
胶东金矿的早晚两期成矿系列中,岩浆成因或在岩浆期即有天然水和表生矿质加入的矿床,δ^34S值均有自早而晚依次降低的规律。为重熔岩浆分异成矿理论和成矿系列的建立提供了重要证据。焦家式和某些晚期矿床,在形成矿液后有表生硫加入,扰乱了这一规律性。胶东群中的硫同位素没有达到均匀化,副变质岩偏重,而斜长角闪岩偏轻,接近陨石硫值,是近似原始岩浆的产物。 相似文献
79.
Francisco Núñez-Cornú F. Alejandro Nava Servando De la Cruz-Reyna Zenón Jiménez Carmen Valencia Rosalía García-Arthur 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1994,56(3):228-237
Ten years after the last effusive eruption and at least 15 years of seismic quiescence, volcanic seismic activity started at Colima volcano on 14 February 1991, with a seismic crisis which reached counts of more than 100 per day and showed a diversity of earthquake types. Four other distinct seismic crises followed, before a mild effusive eruption in April 1991. The second crisis preceded the extrusion of an andesitic scoriaceous lava lobe, first reported on 1 March; during this crisis an interesting temporary concentration of seismic foci below the crater was observed shortly before the extrusion was detected. The third crisis was constituted by shallow seismicity, featuring possible mild degassing explosion-induced activity in the form of hiccups (episodes of simple wavelets that repeat with diminishing amplitude), and accompanied by increased fumarolic activity. The growth of the new lava dome was accompanied by changing seismicity. On 16 April during the fifth crisis which consisted of some relatively large, shallow, volcanic earthquakes and numerous avalanches of older dome material, part of the newly extruded dome, which had grown towards the edge of the old dome, collapsed, producing the largest avalanches and ash flows. Afterwards, block lava began to flow slowly along the SW flank of the volcano, generating frequent small incandescent avalanches. The seismicity associated with the stages of this eruptive activity shows some interesting features: most earthquake foci were located north of the summit, some of them relatively deep (7–11 km below the summit level), underneath the saddle between the Colima and the older Nevado volcanoes. An apparently seismic quiet region appears between 4 and 7 km below the summit level. In June, harmonic tremors were detected for the first time, but no changes in the eruptive activity could be correlated with them. After June, the seismicity decreasing trend was established, and the effusive activity stopped on September 1991. 相似文献
80.
青岛榴辉岩及胶南群片麻岩的锆石U-Pb 年龄——胶南群中晋宁期岩浆事件的证据 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
研究表明,苏鲁地体是扬子与华北陆-陆碰撞造山带的一部分(东段)。其主要变质岩系——胶南群,是扬子陆块北缘俯冲陆壳的基底。在已有的文献中,人们均将胶南群划为早、中元古代地体。组成胶南群的主要岩石是长英质片麻岩,在其中间包含有少量斜长角闪岩、大理岩、超镁铁岩和榴辉岩。大量的Sm-Nd 及 40Ar/39Ar 同位素定年已证明了,胶南群在三叠纪时,经历了与华北和扬子陆块碰撞有关的高压或超高压变质作用,原岩的时代缺乏可靠的年龄测定,被认为是早、中元古代岩石。然而最近我们对青岛附近仰口的退变质榴辉岩及胶南群片麻岩的 相似文献