Chemical and Isotopic Characteristics of the Kuroko‐Forming Volcanism

The Miocene northeast Honshu magmatic arc, Japan, formed at a terrestrial continental margin via a stage of spreading in a back‐arc basin (23–17 Ma) followed by multiple stages of submarine rifting (19–13 Ma). The Kuroko deposits formed during this period, with most forming during the youngest rifting stage. The mode of magma eruption changed from submarine basalt lava flows during back‐arc basin spreading to submarine bimodal basalt lava flows and abundant rhyolitic effusive rocks during the rifting stage. The basalts produced during the stage of back‐arc basin spreading are geochemically similar to mid‐ocean ridge basalt, with a depleted Sr–Nd mantle source, whereas those produced during the rifting stage possess arc signatures with an enriched mantle source. The Nb/Zr ratios of the volcanic rocks show an increase over time, indicating a temporal increase in the fertility of the source. The Nb/Zr ratios are similar in basalts and rhyolites from a given rift zone, whereas the Nd isotopic compositions of the rhyolites are less radiogenic than those of the basalts. These data suggest that the rhyolites were derived from a basaltic magma via crystal fractionation and crustal assimilation. The rhyolites associated with the Kuroko deposits are aphyric and have higher concentrations of incompatible elements than do post‐Kuroko quartz‐phyric rhyolites. These observations suggest that the aphyric rhyolite magma was derived from a relatively deep magma chamber with strong fractional crystallization. Almost all of the Kuroko deposits formed in close temporal relation to the aphyric rhyolite indicating a genetic link between the Kuroko deposits and highly differentiated rhyolitic magma.     

内蒙古狼山地区早石炭世角闪辉长岩、花岗闪长岩的岩石成因及构造意义

内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,早石炭世角闪辉长岩、花岗闪长岩体出露于潮格温都尔镇西侧。角闪辉长岩体呈岩滴状产出,被花岗闪长岩体侵入,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,角闪辉长岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为329.0±2.3 Ma,花岗闪长岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为331.1±0.9 Ma~330.0±4.2 Ma。花岗闪长岩暗色矿物以角闪石为主,富钠(Na2O=3.48%~4.46%),高钠钾比值(Na2O/K2O=1.03~2.39),钙碱性系列,P2O5-SiO_2之间存在较好的负相关性,岩石地球化学特征具Ⅰ型花岗岩的特点。Hf同位素及元素地球化学特征指示了角闪辉长岩及花岗闪长岩均来自于受地壳混染的亏损地幔,为同源岩浆演化的产物。角闪辉长岩及花岗闪长岩稀土元素配分型式一致,均为轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,具弱的负Eu异常;角闪辉长岩富集Ba、Sr,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf;花岗闪长岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb、Sr,不同程度地亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,总体反映了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合区域地质背景,早石炭世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为角闪辉长岩(闪长岩)+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩,认为狼山地区早石炭世处于大陆边缘弧构造背景。     

Continuous,Direct Gas-Geochemical Monitoring in Hydrothermal Vents: Installation and Long-Term Operation on Nisyros Island (Greece)

In this paper the installation and long-term operation of a system for continuous monitoring of fumarolic gases is described. Several physicochemical and gas-geochemical parameters such as the concentration of CO₂, H₂S and CO in the fumarolic emissions, as well as the temperatures of the hydrothermal steam and soil in close vicinity of the fumarole and steam pressure are measured in short-time intervals (typically 15 seconds). Data are logged on-site and in parallel transferred to a remote station by digital telemetry. Specially developed software enables the real-time observation of the local conditions in the crater and full bidirectional control of the monitoring system. Fluctuations in the monitored parameters are also reported. From the data presented it can be concluded that environmental conditions (direction and strength of wind, precipitation) will interact with some of the parameters monitored. These influences can only be revealed by continuously operated monitoring systems.     

子午线弧长公式的简化及通用高斯投影计算程序介绍

通过简化子午线弧长公式，给出适用于各种椭球的通用高斯投影实用公式，并简单介绍依此编制的通用高斯投影计算程序。     

白玉县炯隆寺-阿吉森多岩体成因分析

本文以同源岩浆演化序列的观点,探讨了炯隆寺-阿吉森多岩体的成因。研究结果表明,该岩体为印支晚期形成的同熔型花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩,属于岛弧深成侵入的岩浆岩。     

求解非线性有限元方程的弧长法及在工程稳定分析中的应用

本文讨论了求解非线性有限元方程弧长法的基本原理及具体实施,并应用于压杆及滑块的稳定性分析。由于弧长法具有确定并通过结构临界应力状态的临界荷载值,因此可以应用于工程稳定性分析。算例表明,弧长法确定的临界荷载值是令人满意的。     

双翼弧平式长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具工艺技术研究

通过对以往黏性土层锚杆钻具成孔出现的问题分析,查明了常规取芯钻具与短螺旋钻具在水平方向小角度成孔过程中,土体失去了原始均衡应力造成钻孔缩径,使扰土不能及时输出孔外,是产生堵孔塌孔的直接原因.为此研制了长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具,解决了成孔时扰土输出问题,创新的旋板解决了钻孔内壁土颗粒结构松弛问题,并且彻底解决了在黏性土层中锚杆成孔塌堵现象,保证锚杆成孔设计角度,形成一套较为标准的长螺旋锚杆钻具成孔操作规则.     

西藏班公湖岛弧带含硫化镍超基性岩的源区性质与基底背景

青藏高原班公湖一怒江成矿带上的超基性岩型硫化镍矿化是近年来在西藏地区发现的矿化新类型.文章根据成矿带西段班公湖地区含镍超基性岩体的岩石地球化学和Sr、Pb同位素分析结果,论述了含镍超基性岩浆的源区性质及生成条件,并根据锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄测定结果,探讨了藏西北地区的基底背景.研究发现,班公湖地区的含镍超基性岩体以富集大离子不相容元素Rb、Th、U、Sr、Pb,亏损Ba、K为特点,高场强元素亏损Nb、Ti,富集Ta;稀士元素相对球粒陨石亏损强烈,但轻稀土元素相对富集.这些特点一致反映出含矿岩浆产生于受俯冲沉积物熔体交代的富集型岩石圈地幔源区.岩浆的生成深度较浅,为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩相,源区部分熔融程度较低,大体在10%左右.岩石中集中出现一批24.79亿年的残留锆石年龄,标志着当时班公湖中特斯洋盆沉积物的物源区较为单一,主要来自太古代末-元古代初的古老基底,并且推测太古代与元古代之交(25亿年)有可能是藏西北的一个古陆壳快速生长期.     

色那金矿石英二长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学特征及其对成矿背景的约束

色那金矿是西藏多龙矿集区内发现的一个浅成低温热液型金矿点,其成岩成矿时代一直缺乏精确的年代学约束。对该金矿石英二长闪长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、主-微量元素分析和Sr-Nd同位素组成研究,首次获得了多龙矿集区色那金矿赋矿岩石的成岩时代。石英二长闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（122.0±1.8）Ma,代表岩浆的结晶年龄。石英二长闪长岩具低硅（57.26%~58.88%）、高铝（16.58%~17.50%）、富镁（2.65%~2.98%）特征,铝饱和指数（A/CNK）为0.93~1.09,富集轻稀土元素（LREE/HREE=6.28~7.25）,δEu为0.85~1.05,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、U、La、Sr、Sm,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等,相对于原始地幔具高Sr\[(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 023~0.705 453\]、低Nd\[ε_Nd(t)=-0.18 ~ 2.43\] 的同位素组成和古老的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2=0.78~1.03 Ga）,属于偏铝质-过铝质岛弧型花岗岩。多龙矿集区色那金矿早白垩世末岩浆活动与成矿作用很可能是班公湖-怒江洋向北俯冲诱发洋壳物质部分熔融,并有少量俯冲沉积物（3.1%~5.1%）和幔源岩浆参与部分熔融混合形成母岩浆,再经一定程度的分异结晶作用和接触交代作用而形成。