关于在辽宁省执行国家标准《中国地震动参数区划图》的几点看法

本文简要介绍了国家标准《中国地震动参数区划图》的内容、特点，并就如何在辽宁省执行该国家标准提出了几点看法。     

用地下水化学动力学方法计算出的水文地质参数来定量评价水文地质条件——以太原三给地垒及周围地区为例

作者根据研究区内剖分获得429个结点的原始资料，分别计算出K，T,u,U,t等5个水文地质参数各429个，利用计算结果，编制K值和T值分区图及地下水循环条件图，对研究区水文地质条件进行了定量评价，该方法为其它岩溶区水文地质条件进行定量评价提供了一条有效的新途径。     

山东苍山5.2级地震前地震学参数异常变化

研究了1995年山东苍山5.2级地震前多项地震学参数（地震空间分布,b值，C值、D值，Mf值，GL值，YH值，AC值等）的异常变化，期望从中能够找出对中强地震短临预报有意义的地震学参数和特征图像，以增加对中强地震孕育过程的认识。     

地震活动性的层次模型及推导的地震活动经验公式和分维性质

文章从一个简单的地震活动层次模型出发，推导地震活动性中几个经验公式以及地震活动的时、空和震源大小分维性质。研究结果表明：（１）震级和频度关系式即Ｇｕｔｅｎｂｅｒｇ－Ｒｉｃｈｔｅｒ公式中的比例系数ｂ值等于震级和平均震中距关系式中的比例系数ｂ１的２倍，并且ｂ值也等于震级和平均时间间隔关系式中的比例系数ｂ２。（２）平均震中距分维值为２，平均时间间隔分维值为１，震源大小分布的分维值的２ｂ。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部下奥陶统储集岩的分类评价

本文以毛管压力测试得到的岩样微观孔隙结构特征参数作为分类评价的基本定量指标，采用Ｑ型聚类法将所测试的岩样分作了５个类别；结合每一类别的地质、物性及生产特点，将鄂尔多斯盆地北部下奥陶统储集岩分成五类，并分别对各类储集岩的储集性能作出评价。     

基于关键对流参数分级的强对流潜势预报

通过对上海地区1998—2009年4—9月各类强对流天气的统计分析,选取42个对流参数及其时间变量,采用逐步回归方法建立了针对各类强对流天气的0～12h潜势预报方程。在此基础上,提出了基于关键对流参数进行分级的强对流潜势预报方法,选取K指数、SI指数、PWV(大气可降水含量)指数和θsedif85(500hPa和850hPa假相当位温差)等反映大气热力和水汽条件的关键对流参数,根据对流分布情况将各对流参数分别分为3个等级,并分级建立了针对不同强对流天气的潜势预报方程。与未分级方程对比表明:基于关键对流参数分级的预报方程对雷雨大风、强雷电和所有对流等预报效果上有明显提升,采用如下组合评分更佳:雷雨大风的预报采用SI分类方程,强雷电和所有对流采用PWV分类方程。将基于关键对流参数分级的强对流潜势预报方法在数值预报模式中进行了业务应用,取得了较好效果。     

Comparison of three types of laser optical disdrometers under natural rainfall conditions

ABSTRACT

Optical disdrometers can be used to estimate rainfall erosivity; however, the relative accuracy of different disdrometers is unclear. This study compared three types of optical laser-based disdrometers to quantify differences in measured rainfall characteristics and to develop correction factors for kinetic energy (KE). Two identical PWS100 (Campbell Scientific), one Laser Precipitation Monitor (Thies Clima) and a first-generation Parsivel (OTT) were collocated with a weighing rain gauge (OTT Pluvio²) at a site in Austria. All disdrometers underestimated total rainfall compared to the rain gauge with relative biases from 2% to 29%. Differences in drop size distribution and velocity resulted in different KE estimates. By applying a linear regression to the KE–intensity relationship of each disdrometer, a correction factor for KE between the disdrometers was developed. This factor ranged from 1.15 to 1.36 and allowed comparison of KE between different disdrometer types despite differences in measured drop size and velocity.     

Assessing parameter identifiability for multiple performance criteria to constrain model parameters

ABSTRACT

Reliable simulations of hydrological models require that model parameters are precisely identified. In constraining model parameters to small ranges, high parameter identifiability is achieved. In this study, it is investigated how precisely model parameters can be constrained in relation to a set of contrasting performance criteria. For this, model simulations with identical parameter samplings are carried out with a hydrological model (SWAT) applied to three contrasting catchments in Germany (lowland, mid-range mountains, alpine regions). Ten performance criteria including statistical metrics and signature measures are calculated for each model simulation. Based on the parameter identifiability that is computed separately for each performance criterion, model parameters are constrained to smaller ranges individually for each catchment. An iterative repetition of model simulations with successively constrained parameter ranges leads to more precise parameter identifiability and improves model performance. Based on these results, a more consistent handling of model parameters is achieved for model calibration.     

整体大地测量的理论和实际应用

本文着重介绍整体大地测量确定性参数模型的理论和整体大地测量的误差分析方法，并进一步说明整体大地测量研究的理论意义和实际应用价值。     

坝体弹模及坝基变模反演分析的研究

本文在理论分析的基础上,应用变形观测资料,系统讨论了反演混凝土坝坝体和坝基的物理力学参数(弹性模量)的原理和方法,并给出了详细的算例。