Determination of groundwater availability in shallow arid region aquifers utilizing GIS technology: a case study in Hada Al-Sham, Western Saudi Arabia

A simple, physically based method is developed in this paper to assist in the allocation of areas with high groundwater potential and for the determination of maximum allowed pumping rate to ensure proper groundwater management. This method utilizes the aquifer physical properties as well as GIS technology to accomplish this purpose. The design of this method was considered to be applicable in areas with little data, such as in most arid regions. This technique was applied to a catchment in an arid environment where qualitative as well as quantitative analyses of the results were undertaken. Locations of available groundwater and rates of maximum allowable pumping were compared with observations and experiments in the field and a good agreement was found. It was concluded that the best groundwater location was in the alluvial area, which represents only 16% of the total aquifer, which is a typical case in arid region catchments. The rate of maximum pumping was estimated to be 65 m³/h. However, to benefit 55% of the area, the maximum pumping rate should only be 40 m³/h with an average rate throughout the area (55%) of about 24 m³/h.This revised version was published online in December 2004 with corrections to the category.     

Impact of human activity on the estuary of the Qiantang River and the reclamation of tidal flats and river regulation

The swing of the main channel of the Qiantang River is controlled by the high-water and low-water changes in the river, as well as the impact of large-scale reclamation of tidal flats. Its evolution in modern times is the result of the combined functions of natural and man-made factors. This paper analyzes the cause of the formation of the South Channel and Xisan Tidal Furrow and proposes the regulation principle of “To regulate the river and reclaim tidal flats by taking the advantage of local topography”. It is suggested to cut off the South Channel and Xisan Tidal Furrow completely to restrict the swing of the main channel and to increase the reclamation area of the tidal flat at the same time.     

海底地下水排放:重要的海岸带陆海相互作用过程

沿海地区海底地下水排放在北美和欧洲等发达地区受到了越来越多的重视,被认为是一个重要的海岸带陆海相互作用过程。但这一过程在我国尚未引起足够认识,有关研究极少见。海底地下水排放的研究历史不长,只是近十多年才有了快速的发展,有了越来越多的定量研究成果。其研究方法主要有水文计算法、现场实测法和地球化学示踪法,各种方法之间的对比实验是目前的热点问题。沿海地下水排放具有重要的环境意义,它可以是陆地营养物质和污染物质的一个重要排放通道,可以对海岸带环境产生一定影响。我国沿海地区应该加强有关的研究工作,为海岸带环境管理作出贡献。     

形变数字化观测曲线畸变与处理——兼论资料预处理中遇到的一些问题

数字化形变台站日常下载、处理直至管理数据,都应用《数字化通讯控制软件》、《形变前兆台站(网)数据处理系统》及《形变前兆数据库服务软件(台站版)》等三个软件交互进行,在实际使用过程中会遇到一些棘手的问题。本文结合我台的观测工作的实践,总结经验,以供台站同行共享。     

Development of an integrated conceptual model for the rational management of the transboundary Nestos River, Greece

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the geologic, hydrologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of Nestos River basin, which is formed within the Greek mountainous part of the river. The quantitative analysis was mainly based on the data of the river flow in different gauging points across the rivercourse as well as on the data of groundwater discharge from karst springs of the mountainous area while important conclusions were made regarding the hydraulic connection between the surface waters of the river and the groundwater of the karst aquifers of the basin. The qualitative analysis has shown that the quality of both surface waters and groundwaters of the investigated basin is high, whereas, no sources of contamination were indicated during this research. The possible effects of the two large dams of Platanovrisi and Thesavros are also analysed as they strongly affect the quantitative and qualitative regime of the river delta.     

喀斯特地区旅游开发的自然景观保护--以贵州省绥阳县为例

该文以贵州省绥阳县为例，针对我国西南喀斯特地区旅游开发中自然环境的特点，探讨溶洞景观的保护、喀斯特地表生态环境保护、水体的保护与综合治理等问题。     

试论生态环保厕所技术在云南旅游业发展中的可行性

云南省地处高原,鉴于缺水严重、自然环境脆弱的实际情况,同时,为了突破制约旅游业发展的“旅游厕所”这一瓶颈,云南省现已在走“科技兴旅”的道路,坚持使用高科技、节能环保的生态厕所技术,以确保云南省旅游业持续、快速、健康的发展。由于并非每一种生态环保厕所技术都适用于旅游业,因此,对现今市场上出现的纷繁复杂的生态环保厕所技术进行归类、分析、总结,提出了适应于云南省旅游业发展的生态环保厕所技术类型以及具体的适用场所,进一步指出在选择技术的过程中应考虑的问题。     

贵州喀斯特山区墓地利用管理与耕地保护

通过对贵州亮岩峰丛山地的墓地进行随机抽样调查和统计分析,显示出墓地在一定坡度上的特定地段有集中趋势;在对墓地选址与土层厚度进行显著性检验后表明:喀斯特地区土层厚度著性影响墓地分布。以至于绝大多数墓地集中分布在日照较好、排水畅通、土层较厚的阳坡山麓地带,以占用土层较厚的优质耕地为主。在现实的墓地利用管理实践中,实施统一规划、集中管理,建立有偿使用制度、严格用地指标,加强墓地绿化,实行墓地园林化建设等措施,以期综合性多元化开发利用墓地,有效保护耕地资源。     

洱海环境演变与大理城市发展的关系研究

针对洱海特殊的生态环境和对大理城市发展所起的举足轻重的作用，2002年通过实地环境调查和系列历史及动态资料分析进行了洱海和大理城市之问人地关系的互动研究。概括出大理城市发展的5个阶段，结果表明人类生存场所发展的总趋势是从高处往低处下移，从山前台地向下迁往山缘冲积洪积扇平原，直至湖滨平原地带。并着重分析了变迁的原因和人类活动的影响状况，从而使人们在开发利用洱海的同时，促进人类活动和城市发展建设相得益彰，并建议选择旅游和供水为主的和谐可持续发展道路，强化政府的宏观管理，增大科技投入。     

海峡两岸旅游管理比较研究

中国大陆和台湾的旅游业都有良好的发展前景,由于体制和区情的不同,两地在旅游发展和旅游管理上有着诸多差异;由于文化上的同根同源,两地在旅游发展与管理上也存在着互补共融的关系.如何处理好竞争与合作、经济利益和可持续发展之间的关系,成为两岸学术界和旅游业工作者共同关注的课题.通过重点比较两岸在旅游管理方面的特点,找出了两岸的差异及差异存在的部分原因,以期能为两岸旅游业取长补短、互相促进、共同发展提供有价值的参考.