基桩倾斜弹性波检测机理

阐述了基桩倾斜无损检测基本原理--惠更斯-菲涅尔原理.通过在桩侧面实施地震排列装置检测试验,证实了桩倾斜度越大,桩侧效应越强.在倾斜基桩中埋设三分量检波器检测结果说明,基桩倾斜时,桩侧界面响应主要以转换后沿界面方向的纵波与垂直于桩侧面的横波为主.     

A hydraulic invariance‐based methodology for the implementation of storm‐water release restrictions in urban land use master plans

A hydraulic invariance (HI)‐based methodology was developed as a tool to support implementation of storm flow control measures into land use master plans (LUMPs) for urban catchments. The methodology is based on the use of simple hydrologic analysis to compare predevelopment and postdevelopment catchment flow release scenarios. Differently from previous literature examples, for which the parcel scale is usually considered for the analysis, HI was pursued assuming the LUMP areas of transformation as the basic units for assigning storm water control measures in the form of flow release restrictions. The methodology was applied to a case study catchment in the southern part of the City of Catania (Italy), for which the LUMP re‐design has been recently proposed. Simulations were run based on the use of the EPA‐Storm Water Management Model and allowed deriving flow release restrictions in order to achieve HI at the subcatchment level for design events of different return period.     

地质样品中金的测定方法研究

简介了近年来地质样品中金的分析测试方法,重点对地质样品金分析中的样品加工及分解、分离富集、测定方法等方面进行概述,并对我实验测试中心在相关方面工作进行了简单介绍.     

新疆准东煤田中侏罗统煤系镓元素的分布特征及赋存机理探讨

随着大型煤系稀有金属矿产的发现,煤中伴生微量元素的研究受到广泛关注,但目前对我国西北地区的煤系地层中稀有元素的研究程度较低。选取新疆东北部的准东煤田为研究区,基于煤样的煤质分析和微量元素数据,研究了煤中镓的分布规律、赋存特征及富集成因。研究表明：(1)准东煤田的中侏罗统煤层中镓明显富集。12个矿区煤中镓平均含量在20.78~47.98 μg/g,大多高于或接近煤中镓的边界品位(30 μg/g)。(2)煤田中镓的分布规律性明显。平面上,盆地周围煤中Ga含量较中部矿区高,特别是东北部和西南部由于分别受克拉美丽山和博格达山物源区的影响,煤中Ga含量异常高,部分区域超过了60 μg/g,而中部矿区(ZD10740、ZD10464、ZD10407和ZD10841)的煤中Ga含量表现为从矿区边缘向中心逐渐富集;垂向上,大部分矿区煤中Ga含量从中侏罗统底部向上降低,而受到早燕山运动影响,靠近博格达山的矿区(ZD10740)表现相反。(3)煤中Ga主要以高岭石为载体,部分Ga也存在煤的有机质组分中。镓主要以细粒物质(胶体或有机络合物形式)搬运到沉积盆地,在潮湿覆水沉积条件下发生聚积。     

基于充分浮力理论的有效应力原理公式推导

有效应力原理奠定了土力学的基础,具有十分重要的地位,而学术界对有效应力原理的推导过程争论较多。为揭示有效应力原理所蕴含的物理力学本质,阐明基本概念、澄清认识上的误区,以饱和土体为研究对象,通过“充分浮力作用”的概念,从一个新的角度推导了土体在自重和外载作用下有效应力原理公式的得出过程,分析了“忽略颗粒接触面积从而推得有效应力原理公式”这一公认方法的不妥之处;根据有效应力原理的本质,提出了一个关于饱和岩石、混凝土有效应力原理的简明修正方法,通过该修正方法得出的有效应力公式与前人的研究成果有较好的吻合。     

秦巴地区砂金矿的分布及富集规律

本文通过对秦巴陕、甘、川、豫、鄂五省已知砂金矿床资料的整理和综合,简要的总结了区内砂金矿床的成因,形态类型,不同类型砂金矿床的地质特征及砂金矿的富集规律。对砂金矿的普查找矿工作有一定的指导意义。     

Geochemistry,Paleoenvironment and Mechanism of Organic-Matter Enrichment in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation Shale in the Sichuan Basin,China

To investigate the mechanism of the organic-matter enrichment in the Lower Longmaxi Formation shale, the geochemistry and total organic carbon(TOC) of the Longmaxi Formation black shales in the Jiaoshiba, Zhaotong, and Weiyuan areas of the Sichuan Basin were analyzed. Paleoproductivity proxy parameters(Babio, Siex, and Ni/Al), clastic influx proxies(TiO_2 and Ti/Al), redox indices(V/Cr, Ni/Co, V/(V+Ni), and U/Th), and hydrothermal indicators(Fe, Mn,and Y concentrations; Fe/Ti ratio and a Ni-Zn-Co diagram) were employed to decipher the paleoenvironment of the Lower Longmaxi Formation shales. TiO_2 and Ti/Al indicated low terrigenous detrital influx in all three areas. However, Babio, Siex,and Ni/Al indicated high productivity in the Jiaoshiba area. V/Cr, Ni/Co, and U/Th indicated higher oxygen content with larger fluctuations in the Zhaotong and Weiyuan areas. Fe, Mn, and Y concentrations and the Fe/Ti ratio implied greater active hydrothermal activity in the Weiyuan area. These heterogeneities were considered to be closely related to the paleoenvironment and paleogeography, and the large basement faults that developed during the Chuanzhong paleo-uplift could have provided vents for deep-hydrothermal-fluid upwelling. The redox indices(V/Cr, Ni/Co, and U/Th) and a paleoproductivity proxy(Ni/Al) displayed a significant correlation with the TOC, suggesting that both excellent preservation conditions and high paleoproductivity were the controlling factors for the enrichment of organic matter in the Longmaxi Formation shale. There was no obvious correlation between the clastic influx proxy(Ti/Al) and the TOC due to the extremely low supply of terrigenous debris. The hydrothermal indicator(Fe/Ti) was negatively correlated with the TOC in the Weiyuan area, indicating that hydrothermal activity may have played a negative role in the accumulation of organic matter. This study suggests that the enrichment of organic matter in the Longmaxi Formation marine shale varied according to the paleogeography and sedimentary environment.     

滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿床成因探讨

矿化剂和沉淀富集剂是成矿物质中的重要组成部分，也是人们分析成矿作用和建立成矿模式的基础。在分析滇黔桂地区金矿地质特征和成矿流体的基础上，提出该类矿床的矿质主要来源于被动陆缘沉积建造，促使金活化、迁移的矿化剂主要是盆地热卤素流体和有机质流体，促使金局部沉淀富集的沉淀富集剂则主要是沉积建造内和深源富硫的流体和热液改造的有机质。认为矿质、矿化剂和沉淀富集剂在有利容矿空间的耦合是形成滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿的主要成矿机制，并在此基础上讨论了卡林型金矿的成因和成矿模式。     

川北砂岩-泥岩系混合作用地球化学特征

根据沉积岩混合作用判别原理,应用元素铬－钍判别法,判明川北砂岩－泥岩系为二元混合成因。再根据二元混合元素丰度关系定律,由混合变换式求出丰度关系常数,认为川北砂岩－泥岩系既具有互稀释混合作用,又具有稀释混合作用,进而可以对沉积岩端员物质组成进行估算。     

基于H-B准则的公路桥梁桩基嵌岩深度计算

基于Hoek-Brown强度准则,推导了在微小转动下嵌岩段桩侧法向应力及水平摩阻力计算模型,采用静力平衡原理建立了水平荷载作用下公路桥梁桩基嵌岩深度的计算公式,提出了嵌岩深度计算的新方法。参数敏感性及影响因素分析表明： （1）水平荷载引起的力矩 、桩径d、岩层上覆压力 、岩石单轴抗压强度 、岩体类别参数 、岩体地质力学分类指标RMR均对嵌岩深度有一定影响,在 、d不变的情况下,岩体质量和岩石单轴抗压强度对嵌岩深度的确定最为敏感; （2）岩体质量越差,所需嵌岩深度越大;岩体质量越好,岩层上覆压力对嵌岩深度影响越小,反之越大。（3）嵌岩深度随岩石单轴抗压强度的提高呈非线性缓慢地减小,在相同的单轴抗压强度下,岩体质量越好,嵌岩深度越小,反之越大。