内蒙古阿巴嘎旗白音图嘎地区航磁在断裂构造解译中的应用

内蒙古阿巴嘎旗白音图嘎地区为浅覆盖区,地表构造形迹难以识别。笔者以最新的高精度航磁资料为依据,论述了区内深大断裂的磁场特征,并对航磁在断裂构造解疑中的应用进行了探讨。根据区内构造磁异常特征,在航磁△T化极垂向一次导数基础上,全区共解译断裂构造15条。构造方向主要为北东、北西方向,其中F1、F2、F3、F4、F7、F8、F9位于白音图嘎幅,岩性主要为宝力高庙组,为基岩出露区,脉岩比较发育,为花岗斑岩脉、正长斑岩脉,地表出露岩脉主要呈北西向,与航磁解译构造较为吻合,经向上延拓后构造不明显,显示底部为同一岩性基底;F5、F14、F15经向上延拓构造变得更加清晰,推断该构造由深部大的构造引起。     

桥梁水下桩墩结构振动台模型试验相似律验证

模拟地震振动台模型试验是研究桥梁桩墩结构抗震设计的重要方法。振动台试验结果的有效性取决于模型结构与原型结构的相似程度,不同的试验目的对应的相似关系也有差别。桥梁水下桩墩结构动力模型试验在满足结构自身相似律的同时,也要满足结构周围动水压力的相似,水体的存在限制了试验模型的相似设计。基于目前广泛应用的Buckinghamπ定理,采用量纲分析法和方程分析法,通过对比分析,在合理假设的基础上得出了桥梁混凝土桩墩结构振动台破坏试验模型设计的实用相似关系。最后,以某实际水下桥梁桩墩结构为例,通过计算分析验证了相似关系公式并对产生的误差进行了判断。结果表明:原型结构与模型结构的地震动力响应满足预计的相似关系;推导的相似律能在一定程度上避免模型设计的困难,较适用于实际应用。     

中新生代以来中国大陆的稳定地块

中国大陆主要由塔里木、华北和扬子三个比较大的古老克拉通组成。中、新生代以来,由于受到环太平洋和喜马拉雅两大构造域的影响,这三个克拉通发生了巨大变化。从地壳和岩石圈结构来看,其中相当一部分已不具备了稳定地块的特点。从这些地块目前所处的大地构造位置、地壳及岩石圈的改造方面（主要包括：其上主要盆地和演化史、盆地结构、地壳和岩石圈（软流圈）结构、以及地球物理场、可能的动力学机制等）的对比可以看出,中国各稳     

The damped cable system for seismic protection of frame structures — Part II: Design and application

The complementary sections of the studies carried out on the damped cable system, whose experimental and numerical characterization and assessment analyses are described in the companion paper, are presented herein. The first section includes a criterion for a preliminary evaluation of the section area of cables, the second branch stiffness of spring‐dampers and the mutual installation preload, and suggestions for a simplified nonlinear dynamic computation of the damping coefficient of dissipaters. A second section follows, aimed at evaluating the influence of cable layout on damped cable system performance. A numerical enquiry is developed on a four‐story and an eight‐story RC plane frame, to assess their seismic response for several shapes of cables, and determine what geometrical configurations are the best performing ones. In the third section, a demonstrative application of the protective system, represented by the seismic retrofit of a hospital building with RC structure, is offered. The characteristics of the system designed for this case study, including locations, dimensions, layouts, and technical installation details of cables and spring‐dampers, are illustrated, and the improvement of seismic performance as compared with the original conditions, is finally assessed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造与油气聚集

晚期强烈构造反转是十屋断陷构造发育的一个重要特色。本文以高分辨率三维地震资料为基础,结合相干技术和三维可视化技术等先进地震资料处理和解释技术,对研究区反转构造进行了精细构造解释和研究。将研究区反转构造划分为四个反转构造带,在对反转构造样式再认识的基础上在十屋乃至松辽地区新发现了欺压式断层和截断型反转构造两种反转构造样式。进而将反转构造样式除坳陷层滑脱褶皱外,依据反转过程中形成的逆断层与早期伸展断层的组合关系归纳为五种类型:复活型、前展型、后展型、欺压型、截断型。并对反转构造与油气聚集之间的关系作了深入探讨,研究认为区内反转构造具有十分有利的成藏条件且四个反转构造带具有不同的圈闭类型和油气聚集特点。初步建立了十屋断陷基于反转构造的油气成藏模式,为进一步油气勘探提供了依据。     

Subsurface geological-geotechnical modelling to sustain underground civil planning

The aim of the paper was to document the use of 3D subsurface geological-geotechnical modelling to optimise the planning and development of subsurface structures in city areas. The proposed procedure was applied to the analysis of the subsoil of the City of Turin (Northern Italy). The results of more than 300 boreholes were analysed to develop a model of the geological setting up to a depth of 60 m from the surface. The cementation variability of the alluvial sediments was also spatially described and the influence of this aspect on the soil excavation resistance was highlighted. In order to face the need of archiving, correlating and analysing a large amount of data, a 3D GIS (Geographical Information System) was used to better manage the model and to achieve a useful methodological reference that would be available for the planning and construction of future underground works.

A portion of the geological model, related to the centre of the city of Turin (Italy), was chosen to set up a more detailed geotechnical model, based on laboratory tests and back-analysis procedures, as data input for some engineering applications.

Two case studies were performed concerning:

– analyses used to forecast the subsidence induced on the ground surface by the excavation of the metro line;

– the influence of the works of the metro line on the new Underground Railway Link (interference between two important underground works).

A comparison between the forecasts of the degree of cementation, supplied by the 3D model along a metro tunnel tract, and the excavation specific energy effectively absorbed by the head of the boring machine is reported to testify the reliability of the model of the subsoil of Turin centre. This comparison shows the good reliability of the model and its potential to choose of the optimal boring machines for the future development of the Underground Metro System in Turin.     

个旧高松矿田层间锡石-硫化物矿床构造控矿特征

从矿体空间展布特征、产状、顶底板及边缘形态可以看出，个旧层间锡石-硫化物矿床明显的受到构造的控制；从断裂构造的含矿性可以看出，断裂(裂隙)中的成矿元素含量远高于围岩，是层间氧化矿的有利赋存部位。此类型矿床具有热液充填(交代)成因，属于燕山晚期花岗岩岩浆期后热液矿床。     

Dynamic analysis of structures using modified Lanczos co‐ordinates

An efficient dynamic analysis method using the modified Lanczos co‐ordinates is presented. The proposed method is obtained by applying the modified Lanczos algorithm using Lanczos vectors that satisfy the stiffness‐orthonormality condition to the conventional Lanczos co‐ordinates method. The modified Lanczos co‐ordinates method is more efficient than the conventional method in the case of structures under multi‐input loads. The effectiveness of the modified Lanczos co‐ordinates method is verified by analysing a numerical example. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

铜陵矿集区燕山期地壳浅部成矿流体活动的构造控矿

为查明铜陵矿集区在燕山期不同层次、不同部位和不同类型的构造的导流-一控矿作用，作者完成了3个构造物理模拟实验，分别模拟了中-深层次断裂系统、浅表部褶皱．断裂系统与中部褶皱系统的应力性质与应变景观；依次分析了不同方向、不同部位和不同层次控矿断裂及褶皱的导流作用，讨论了特定构造部位多种构造形迹复合而成的三维控流系统对流体运输的控制作用。分析表明，在区域地壳浅部的中-深层次，褶皱作用较弱，主要由盖层岩系断裂系统及基底断裂共同组成导流断裂系统，为成矿流体的浅部运输提供了通道；在中-浅层次，褶皱作用较强。褶皱及其相伴生的断裂系统为流体提供了就位空间。