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91.
92.
全球气候变化下青藏公路沿线冻土变化响应模型的研究 总被引:16,自引:17,他引:16
利用英国Hadley气候预测与研究中心GCM模型HADCM2预测的气温变化背景,分别提取青藏公路沿线地区在2009年,2049年和2099年的气温参数,考虑年平均气温和年平均地温的关系及年平均地温与海拔,纬度的关系模型,多年冻土下界分布模型和地温带分带,建立青藏公路沿线多年冻土下界分布的响应模型和多年冻土地温带的响应模型,研究结果表明,2009年青藏公路沿线的冻土变化较小,多年冻土极稳定带,稳定带和基本稳定带仅发生微弱的变化,基本稳定过渡带和不稳定带变化较大,多年冻土,逐渐退化,2049年青藏公路沿线多年冻土各地温带变化较大,但仍以基本稳定过渡带和不稳定带变化最大,多年冻土发生较大范围的退化;2099年后青藏公路沿线冻土发生了很大的变化,多年冻土发生大面积的退化,融区面积逐渐增大,多年冻土地温带也发生了较大的变化,其中多年冻土上带仅保留了稳定带,极稳定带全部消失,稳定带和基本稳定带全部转化为不稳定带。 相似文献
93.
黑北公路冻土路基设计原则及病害特征 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
依据位于小兴安岭地区的黑北公路沿线退化多年冻土特征,以及地质、水文、气候等工程环境条件,分析了黑北公路路基可能会发生的病害和发展过程,提出了适合于黑经公路的路基设计与病害防治措施,以便比选与优化退化型多年冻土地区的路基稳定性设计原则及结构形式,同时在路基设计形式和病害处理上提出了一些初步设想和建议。 相似文献
94.
通过对郑州市黄河大堤一线土体的沉降,压密固结,饱水砂土的地震液化研究,认为黄河大堤附近浅层地下水开采后所诱发的地面沉降,固结过程,不会对大堤造成危害,而饱水砂土的水位降低,还会减轻或消除地震时液化砂土现象,对大堤的稳定性有利。 相似文献
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Claudio Chiaruttini Stefano Grimaz Enrico Priolo 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1996,15(2):75
A two-dimensional elastic Chebyshev spectral element method (SPEM) is used to model the seismic wavefield within a massive structure and in its vicinity. We consider 2-D models where a linear elastic structure, with quadrangular cross-section, resting on an elastic homogeneous half-space, is impinged upon by the waves generated by a surface impulse at some distance. The scattering of Rayleigh waves and the response of the structure are extensively analysed in a parametric way, varying size, mechanical parameters and shape of the load. Some of the models considered are representative of embankments and earth dams. The simulation shows that some models resonate, storing part of the incoming energy. With realistic parameters, the lowest resonance frequency is due to pure shear deformation and is controlled by the shear velocity and height of the load. Flexural modes are excited only at higher frequencies. The acceleration at the top of the structure may be five/seven times higher than at the base, depending on the mass of the structure. The gradual release of trapped energy produces a ground roll lasting several seconds after the wave front has passed. The ground-roll amplitude depends on the sturcture's mass and can be as large as 30% of the peak acceleration. Outside resonance conditions, the ground motion is almost unaffected by the presence of the artefact; the horizontal motion on top of it is nearly twice the motion at ground level. Similar results should be expected when the incident field is an upcoming shear wave. A qualitative discussion shows that the presence of anelastic attenuation in the embankment does not significantly alter the preceding conclusions, unless it is of very low values (e.g. Q < 15).The modelling results that we discuss indicate that the soil-structure interaction may substantially alter the ‘free-field’ ground motion. From a practical point of view, the main conclusions are: (1) careful analysis is necessary when interpreting seismic records collected in the vicinity of large artefacts; (2) seismic hazard at a site may depend on the presence of man-made structures such as embankments, dams, tall and massive buildings. 相似文献
99.
J. H. Barrett 《Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics》1992,6(3):151-165
An extreme value analysis of the flow of Burbage Brook is carried out by modelling peaks over a high threshold. The aims are to illustrate recently developed statistical techniques and to report on interesting features of the flow of the brook over a 58-year period. Peak flows are found to show marked seasonal variation and a downward trend. Then-year return level is estimated for various values ofn, and the reliability of the estimates is assessed. 相似文献
100.
During and after the very wet 1991/1992 winter experienced in Jordan, significant slope failures occurred along several sections of the new Irbid-Amman highway in Jordan. The topography over most of the route is hilly, and significant amounts of cut and fill were used to construct the highway. One such slope failure lies at 44+800 km on the highway south of Jerash City at a distance of about 5.0 km from Wadi Zerqa bridge. A landslide occurred downslope of the highway embankment resulting in a collapse of the most of the gabbion wall supporting the embankment. This paper deals with the overall stability of the slope at 44+800 km. It presents the geological and geotechnical studies carried out at this site, identifies the causes and mechanism of instability, and presents appropriate remedial measures. The study concluded that the landslide movement occurred within the colluvium material. It resulted primarily from excess piezometric pressures generated within the slope as a direct consequence of inadequate drainage. It is recommended to reconstruct the entire gabbion wall with its foundation seated on the sandstone that underlies the colluvium and to install a surface drainage system at the site. 相似文献