全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7493篇 |
免费 | 1593篇 |
国内免费 | 2617篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 463篇 |
大气科学 | 635篇 |
地球物理 | 2184篇 |
地质学 | 6064篇 |
海洋学 | 1239篇 |
天文学 | 54篇 |
综合类 | 441篇 |
自然地理 | 623篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 25篇 |
2023年 | 79篇 |
2022年 | 218篇 |
2021年 | 249篇 |
2020年 | 326篇 |
2019年 | 416篇 |
2018年 | 347篇 |
2017年 | 338篇 |
2016年 | 383篇 |
2015年 | 436篇 |
2014年 | 510篇 |
2013年 | 492篇 |
2012年 | 540篇 |
2011年 | 584篇 |
2010年 | 479篇 |
2009年 | 584篇 |
2008年 | 555篇 |
2007年 | 607篇 |
2006年 | 622篇 |
2005年 | 474篇 |
2004年 | 474篇 |
2003年 | 396篇 |
2002年 | 316篇 |
2001年 | 308篇 |
2000年 | 267篇 |
1999年 | 257篇 |
1998年 | 239篇 |
1997年 | 207篇 |
1996年 | 171篇 |
1995年 | 142篇 |
1994年 | 152篇 |
1993年 | 129篇 |
1992年 | 99篇 |
1991年 | 63篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 51篇 |
1988年 | 48篇 |
1987年 | 26篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
281.
Tokutaka Ikemoto Takashi Kunito Shinsuke Tanabe Miyako Tsurumi Fumio Sato Nariko Oka 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):889
Concentrations of 18 trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl and Pb) were determined in abandoned eggs of short-tailed albatrosses and abandoned eggs and blood of black-footed albatrosses from Torishima Island, Japan in 2002. Mercury concentration was highest among the toxic elements in egg content of both the two species. In some egg contents of black-footed albatrosses, Hg concentrations were higher than the threshold level that may cause decreased hatchability and aberrant nesting behavior in some avian species. Concentrations of Cd in egg content and Ba in egg content and shell increased with an increase in egg breadth/length ratio, whereas Hg in egg content showed an opposite trend in black-footed albatrosses. Since egg breadth/length ratio is known to increase with the age of mother bird, this result may imply that concentrations of these elements in eggs vary with age of mother bird. In blood of black-footed albatross chicks, concentration of Hg was highest among the toxic elements and the Hg concentration showed an increase in the later growth stages. In contrast, concentration of Sr in blood decreased with growth stage. Since the behaviour of Sr is similar to that of Ca in animals, it is conceivable that Sr was used along with Ca for the formation of bone. 相似文献
282.
M. Stepanova T. Vucina-Parga E. Antonova I. Ovchinnikov Y. Yermolaev 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2005,67(17-18):1815
Fluctuations of the plasma bulk velocity across the plasma sheet are studied using single-point measurements from the Corall instrument on board the Interball/Tail satellite. Several hour-long intervals of continuous data corresponding to quiet geomagnetic conditions and different phases of isolated substorms are analyzed. The plasma sheet flow appears to be strongly turbulent, i.e. dominated by fluctuations that are unpredictable. Corresponding eddy diffusion coefficients were obtained as a function of the autocorrelation time and rms velocity of the fluctuations. It was found that the amplitude of the turbulence and the values of eddy-diffusion coefficients increase significantly during substorm growth and expansion phases and they decrease to their initial level during the recovery phase. We also studied a relationship between the eddy-diffusion coefficients and the absolute value of the geomagnetic field, also measured by the Interball/Tail satellite. It was found that this relationship varies depending on the phase of substorm, indicating possible change in the turbulence regimen with substorm phase. 相似文献
283.
Introduction The Great North China, located at longitude 106E to 124E and latitude 31N to 42N, in-cludes three secondary active tectonic blocks, Ordos, Yanshan and North China plain (Figure 1). The geological tectonics of these three secondary blocks is much different from each other. As a stable block with high rigidity, the Ordos block is mostly surrounded by down-faulted basins with an inactive interior since Cenozoic, although the fault zones along its boundary are strongly active wi… 相似文献
284.
Preliminary study on variation characteristics of ocean tide dynamic stress in crust and its relationship with earthquakes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
~~Preliminary study on variation characteristics of ocean tide dynamic stress in crust and its relationship with earthquakes@陆明勇$China Center for Earthquake Disaster Emergency and SAR,Beijing 100049,China
@郑文衡$Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China①Strong earthquake catalogues in China. Earthquake catalogues reported monthly by Center for Analysis and Prediction, CEA.
①YI Zhi-gang. Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administrati… 相似文献
285.
The aim of this study is to shed light on the hydrogeochemical characteristics of karst underground waters at shallow depth in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province with an emphasis on the geochemistry of major elements. Guiyang City bears abundant underground waters and it is also an important representative of the karst areas throughout the world. Ca^2 and Mg^2 are the dominant cations, accounting for 81% -99.7% of the total, and HCO3^- and SO4^2- are the dominant anions. Weathering of limestones and dolostones is the most important factor controlling the hydrogeochemistry of underground waters, and weathering of sulfate and evaporite rocks is less important. Moreover, the precipitation and human activities also have a definite influence on the hydrogeoehemistry of underground waters in the region studied. 相似文献
286.
The conventional interpretation methods of pressuremeter testing effectively approximate pressuremeter membranes as infinitely long. As a result, the effects of the two‐dimensional geometry of pressuremeters are ignored, leading to an overestimation of soil shear strength by pressuremeter testing, as demonstrated in several previous studies. This paper presents results of a numerical study of two‐dimensional geometry effects on self‐boring pressuremeter tests in undrained clay. The results are obtained using critical state soil models with an effective stress formulation. This is in contrast to most (if not all) existing studies on pressuremeter geometry effects, which were based on perfectly plastic soil models (e.g. Yu (Cavity expansion theory and its application to the analysis of pressuremeters. DPhil Thesis, The University of Oxford, 1990), Yeung and Carter (Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. on Pressuremeters, 1990), and Houlsby and Carter (Géotechnique, 1993; 43 (4):567–576)). The present study suggests that the overestimation of soil strength due to the neglect of finite pressuremeter length is significantly affected by the soil model used in the calculations. It is found that for clays with a high overconsolidation ratio (OCR) the strength overestimation predicted using critical state soil models could be considerably smaller than that predicted using perfectly plastic soil models. The main conclusion of this numerical study is that care must be exercised before directly applying any numerically determined pressuremeter geometry correction factors in practice. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
287.
NOHDA SUSUMU; KANEOKA ICHIRO; HANYU TAKESHI; XU SHENG; UTO KOZO 《Journal of Petrology》2005,46(3):505-522
We report Sr-, Nd- and Pb-isotopic compositions for the lavasof Mauritius, the second youngest volcanic island in the Réunionhotspot. The lavas of the Older Series (7·85·5Ma) have identical isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr = 0·70411to 0·70422,143Nd/144Nd = 0·512865 to 0·512854,and 206Pb/204Pb = 19·016 to 19·041) to those ofRéunion, where the center of volcanic activity is currentlylocated. The lavas of the Intermediate Series (3·51·9Ma) and Younger Series (0·700·17 Ma) areshifted to lower Sr-isotopic compositions (0·703640·70394,with 143Nd/144Nd = 0·512813 to 0·512948 and 206Pb/204Pb= 18·794 to 18·984). The Intermediate Series lavashave similar trace-element characteristics (e.g. ZrNb,BaY) to those of Rodrigues, in both cases requiring theinvolvement of an enriched mantle-like component in the mantlesource. During the volcanic history of Mauritius, the magmaslost the principal isotopic characteristics of the Réunionhotspot with time, and became gradually imprinted with the isotopicsignature of a shallower mantle source that produced the CentralIndian Ridge basalts. KEY WORDS: hotspot; isotopes; Mauritius; Réunion; trace element 相似文献
288.
In the underground waste isolation projects such as the ANDRA'one in the site of Bure, the transport properties of the surrounding rock mass is of fundamental importance. To measure very low permeability, we use the modified version of the pulse test proposed by Hsieh et al. [Hsieh, P.A., Tracy, J.V., Neuzil, C.E., Bredehoeft, J.D., Silliman, S.E., 1981. A transient laboratory method for determining the hydraulic properties of ‘tight’ rocks — I. Theory. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 18, pp. 245-252] which enables the intrinsic permeability, k, and the specific storage coefficient, Ss, of rocks such as mudstone to be characterized. In this paper, the special effort performed on the laboratory apparatus design, to ensure a good sensitivity of the rock response with respect to both parameters, k and Ss, is presented. In addition, two parameters identification procedures are proposed: the graphical method given by Hsieh et al. [Hsieh, P.A., Tracy, J.V., Neuzil, C.E., Bredehoeft, J.D., Silliman, S.E., 1981. A transient laboratory method for determining the hydraulic properties of ‘tight’ rocks — I. Theory. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. Vol. 18, pp. 245-252] and a parameter identification based on the solution of an inverse problem. The efficiency of the apparatus design and the parameters identification procedures is then demonstrated though some pulse tests performed on the Meuse/Haute-Marne mudstone. 相似文献
289.
用等压法研究了273 15K下LiCl-Li2B4O7-H2O体系中纯盐水溶液(离子强度范围为LiCl0 2046~2 5055mol·kg-1,Li2B4O70 1295~0 3700mol·kg-1)以及混合盐水溶液(离子强度范围为0 0931~2 4911mol·kg-1)渗透系数和水活度;计算了LiCl-Li2B4O7-H2O体系的饱和蒸汽压,获得饱和蒸汽压、渗透系数随离子强度的变化规律。用实验数据以最小二乘法求取了LiCl和Li2B4O7纯盐参数及体系的混合盐参数,拟合的标准偏差分别为0 0077和0 026。用该模型计算的渗透系数值与实验结果取得合理的一致。同时研究结果与273 15K下LiCl-Li2SO4-H2O体系的渗透系数随离子强度变化的规律作了比较。本研究对完善低温下含锂、硼盐湖卤水体系的热力学模型和盐湖资源的综合开发利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
290.
Irregularly shaped (IRS) particles widely exist in many engineering and industrial fields. The macro physical and mechanical properties of the particle system are governed by the interaction between the particles in the system. The interaction between IRS particles is more complicated because of their complex geometric shape with extremely irregular and co‐existed concave and convex surfaces. These particles may interlock each other, making the sliding and friction of IRS particles more complex than that of particles with regular shape. In order to study the interaction of IRS particles more efficiently, a refined method of constructing discrete element model based on computed tomography scanning of IRS particles is proposed. Three parameters were introduced to control the accuracy and the number of packing spheres. Subsequently, the inertia tensor of the IRS particle model was optimized. Finally, laboratory and numerical open bottom cylinder tests were carried out to verify the refined modeling method. The influence of particle shape, particle position, and mesoscopic friction coefficient on the interaction of particles was also simulated. It is noteworthy that with the increase of mesoscopic friction coefficient, the fluidity of IRS particle assembly decreases, and intermittent limit equilibrium state may appear. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献