鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系洛河组至环河华池组沉积相特征研究

通过研究构造背景、野外露头、岩性组合、沉积构造、古生物特征和测井曲线特征,分析和总结鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系洛河组至环河华池组沉积相、相带分布范围和沉积特征。洛河组主要沉积了冲积扇相、风成沉积相、辫状河相和沙漠相;而在环河华池组主要沉积了湖相、三角洲相、曲流河相及风成砂岩夹层。平面上沉积相带的变化规律性较强,由盆地边缘的冲积相、冲积—河流相砾岩向盆内渐变为河流相—滨浅湖—半深湖相泥岩。沉积特征受构造运动影响和沉积相带控制,洛河组是从山缘向盆地内砂岩厚度迅速变薄、尖灭;环河华池组岩性变化表现为北粗南细、东粗西细,在北部砂体呈现东薄西厚,东北向西南增厚,在南部砂体呈近南北向展布,东薄西厚,南薄北厚。     

地震与测井数据综合预测裂缝发育带

章针对前新生代海相残留盆地碳酸盐岩裂缝识别这一难题提出一种利用地震与测井数据综合预测裂缝发育带的方法.用测井资料标识出裂缝发育层段,同时利用地震资料具有空间上数据点多、分布均匀的特点通过地震多属性的人工神经网络方法将测井与地震数据结合起来综合预测裂缝发育带,充分利用测井资料和地震资料的各自优势,达到在剖面上和区域上预测裂缝发育带的目的.本方法经过实际资料的处理与预测证实比常规方法预测精度高.     

一种新的伽玛能谱测井定量解释方法研究

本文分析了目前常用的γ能谱测井平均含量法、传统剥谱法对不饱和混合矿层（铀、钍、钾元素的含量在矿层中分布不均匀）的定量解释存在的原理缺陷;提出了利用γ能谱测井分离铀、钍、钾元素的定量解释新方法—逐点剥谱的单元层定量解释法,简单讨论了该解释方法涉及的形态系数、换算系数和单元层饱和度的确定,以及反形态系数的计算问题.     

用核磁共振测井资料评价碳酸盐岩等复杂岩性储集层

对于碳酸盐岩等复杂岩性油气藏,由于其储集空间复杂、非均质性强等因素,用常规测井技术难以进行准确描述.核磁共振测井测量的对象是储层空间中的流体,因而可以直接用来划分储集层,而且能提供几乎不受岩性影响的孔隙度和渗透率等参数;同时,由于其T2分布表征了岩石的孔隙结构,所以可以根据T2分布形态判断有效裂缝和溶蚀孔洞.通过多口井的岩心对比和成像测井对比,研究出了一套用MRIL和CMR 的T2分布形态评价储集空间的方法;此外,在特定条件下,根据核磁计算的有效孔隙度和可动流体体积给出了一个计算含油饱和度的公式.利用这些核磁测井技术及其分析方法对车古20古潜山碳酸盐岩储集层裂缝及溶蚀孔洞发育特征进行准确描述,还计算了埕北潜山复杂复杂岩性油气藏的饱和度,对于储量计算具有重要意义.     

松潘-阿坝地区深部电性特征

针对青藏高原东部特殊的“三角形”区域——松潘-阿坝地区,通过两条测线的MT资料分析和反演,对其深部电性特征进行了揭示,发现松潘-阿坝区中深层构造较为稳定,层状特点明显,地下电性横向变化小,具有稳定地块的特点.这里存在壳内低阻层,厚度近10~20km;深部(岩石圈地幔内部)的电性结构也有两种类型:高阻异常区和具有幔内低阻层的次高阻异常区,全区岩石圈厚度在120km左右,其四周由深断裂与邻区接触.该区深部电性特征不同于龙门山隆起的电性结构,也不同于西秦岭构造带,后者具有高阻基底,岩石圈厚度或更薄或加厚.     

里耶地下秦代古城护城河空间位置低损探查

文物遗址勘察在工程地质勘察领域具有特殊性。根据前期对遗址的部分发掘,考古专家推断里耶秦代古城墙遗址周围是被埋入地下的古护城河,且河底可能埋藏有珍贵文物。古护城河空间位置的精确测定对该遗址保护、继续发掘和开发利用具有重要意义。古护城河被地表沉积物掩埋、部分古河段与近代池塘重叠、常规勘探可能破坏珍贵文物、电磁干扰较严重等给古护城河空间精确定位带来了很大困难。本文针对这些难题采用切合实际的高密度电法和改进的轻便取芯触探相结合的综合探查方法实现了精确定位,实践证明该方法在文物遗址勘察方面具有许多传统勘探方法无法比拟的优点。     

电阻率法在地基处理工程中的应用探讨

土的电阻率相关参数指标与土的工程力学指标紧密相连,并可反映土的一些特殊性质,如土的污染特征、地基液化特征等。本文首先简要介绍了土的电阻率理论,分析了土电阻率的室内外测试原理与方法。在归纳相关文献与工作的基础上,探讨土电阻率法在地基处理及其相关领域中的应用。深入分析了电阻率法在水泥土搅拌桩质量评价、地基处理效果评价、地基液化评判、压实土质量评价以及地基污染中的应用特征以及评价方法。并讨论了土的电阻率理论研究中存在的问题,展望了土电阻率理论的研究与应用前景。     

Pyrolysis of Huadian oil shale by electrical heating on different heating rates

The electrical heating experiments on oil shale sample from Huadian of Jilin were carried out by the pyrolysis method at three different heating rate 2℃/ min,5℃/ min and 10℃/ min in the temperature range of 30℃-750℃ . Heating rate 2℃/ min is considered low,while intermediate one covers the range 5℃/ min and high heating rate is 10℃/ min. The controlling parameters studied were the final pyrolysis temperature and the influence of the heating rate as well as type. The heating rate has an important effect on the pyrolysis of oil shale and the amount of residual carbon obtained therefore. It is found that increasing the heating rate and pyrolysis temperature also increases the production of oil and the total weight loss. Higher heating rates resulted in higher rates of accumulation. The rate of oil and water collection passed through the maximum of different heating rates at different pyrolysis temperatures. Heating rate affected density,oil conversion and oil yield.     

Time dependent piezomagnetic fields in viscoelastic medium

We investigated time dependent piezomagnetic fields due to volcanic sources embedded in a viscoelastic, homogeneous half-space. Especially in volcanic areas, the presence of inhomogeneous materials and high temperatures produce a lower effective viscosity of the Earth's crust that calls for considering anelastic properties of the medium. Piezomagnetic properties are carried by grains of titano-magnetite, which occupy only a small fraction of ordinary rock volume and are supposed to be elastic, while the non-magnetic surrounding matrix is assumed to be viscoelastic. From all the possible rheological models, we investigated two cases in which the bulk modulus is purely elastic and the shear modulus relaxes as: (i) a Maxwell solid and (ii) a standard linear solid (SLS). We applied the Correspondence Principle to the analytical elastic solutions for pressurized spherical sources and dislocation sources in order to determine the time dependent piezomagnetic fields in a viscoelastic medium. The piezomagnetic field completely vanishes after the relaxation process for a Maxwell rheology, whereas it is found to decrease over time and reach some finite offset value for a SLS rheology. These different behaviours provide helpful hints in understanding the temporal evolution of piezomagnetic anomalies in volcanic regions.