低渗透储层的径向电阻率特征及含油性 ——以鄂尔多斯盆地洛河油田延长组长61为例

鄂尔多斯盆地中部洛河油田长61低渗透油层由于含油饱和度变化大、油层非均质强,再加淡水钻井液侵入,造成油层电阻率径向分布不均且变化大。通过双感应-八侧向测井与阵列感应测井响应特征对比分析,认为水层的径向电阻率均为增阻侵入,油层、油水同层的径向电阻率普遍具有减阻侵入、低阻环带、高阻环带特征或相关趋势。其中,减阻侵入有助于识别高含油饱和度、高电阻率油层和油水同层,低阻环带和高阻环带有助于识别低电阻率油水同层。另外,部分油水同层的双感应-八侧向测井径向电阻率组合具有“增阻侵入”且深感应电阻率低的特征,推测可能是受双感应-八侧向测井探测范围限制,为低阻环带靠近井眼附近遭受淡水钻井液侵入影响的结果,深感应测井反映的是侵入带电阻率而不是油水同层的电阻率,容易被误解释为水层。因此,对于双感应-八侧向测井中具有“增阻侵入”特征且深感应电阻低值的储层,其流体性质有水层、油水同层这两种可能性,需要结合深探测测井资料或油藏地质特征进一步分析,以提高油层、水层的识别率。     

基于克里格法刻画砂岩型铀矿U、Ra和U-Ra平衡系数垂向分布规律——以二连盆地芒来铀矿床为例

砂岩型铀矿是绿色经济可采的重要能源矿种,目前是世界上重要的铀矿勘探类型之一。二连盆地芒来铀矿床、鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟铀矿床铀矿体多呈板状产出,板状铀矿体成因备受关注。为研究砂岩型铀矿内部U、Ra和铀镭平衡系数（Kp）分布的垂向分布规律,本文以二连盆地芒来铀矿床为例,采用具有网格精度高优点的克里格插值法研究U、Ra和Kp垂向分布规律,分别利用放射性样品分析数据和定量伽马测井五点式反褶积法反演U含量数据,通过克里格法精细刻画砂岩型矿体中U、Ra和Kp分布的垂向分布规律。研究发现,该矿床板状矿体内部具有卷状的特征,Kp分布形态可以用来判断含氧含铀水的运移方向以及氧化强弱。该方法对研究铀矿体形态、铀矿成矿规律和后续地浸开采具有重要意义。     

日本海环流研究综述

日本海作为东北亚地区最大的边缘海,是西北太平洋上的重要海区。由于特殊的地理位置和复杂的地形,使得日本海的环流结构呈现独有特征,如日本海内的亚极地锋现象,复杂多变的涡旋,北部形成的深水团等。概述了日本海环流状况,着重介绍了对马海峡、郁陵海盆环流情形和日本海特征水团;总结了目前仍存在的争议问题,如对马暖流源头、对马暖流空间结构等;指出了目前日本海尚待解决的科学问题,如对马暖流流量的长期变化及其原因、东韩暖流消失现象及其机制、日本海特征水的传播路径及其影响因素、日本海的某些变化产生原因及其与全球变化的响应等。     

蜀南地区下三叠统飞仙关组沉积相

蜀南地区飞仙关组的沉积相类型主要有浑水陆棚相与清水陆棚相,东部两者交替发育,中西部则主要为浑水陆棚相。浑水陆棚相以半局限海亚相为主,包括三个微相;清水陆棚相可分为颗粒滩、滩间、潮坪和内缘斜坡等四个亚相,包括若干微相。飞一段全区为清水陆棚相;飞二段全区均为浑水陆棚亚相的泥质半局限海微相;飞三段,西部为浑水陆棚相,东部为清水陆棚相,其间发育灰泥质半局限海微相;飞四段基本为泥质半局限海微相。飞一时,区内中部有一近南北向的台内凹槽,沿凹槽边缘鲕粒滩较发育。研究区以西的康滇古陆和龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带控制着区内沉积相展布,当康滇古陆和龙门山岛链构造活跃时全区发育浑水陆棚,华蓥山断裂带活动时东部发育清水陆棚;当康滇古陆、龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带构造的活动性都较低时,全区以清水陆棚为主。     

国外海相油气田勘探实例之三美国得克萨斯州法尔韦油田

美国法尔韦油田位于东得克萨斯盆地中心附近。油田发现于1960年,同年投入生产。原始地质储量为4亿桶,至2003年累计产油2.17亿桶。原油具挥发性,接近饱和。主要储层为下白垩统James组礁石灰岩,主要为骨架粒状灰岩/泥粒灰岩和富含双壳类粒泥状灰岩,各岩相的平均孔隙度一般在7%～11%,但平均渗透率在各岩相中不均,最高达(37～44)×10-3"m2。介绍了该油田的勘探史,描述了盆地构造演化史、含油气系统、地层沉积相和储层特征。     

川东北地区不同构造带地层水化学特征与油气保存的关系

判断油气藏保存条件的优劣,除了盖层和断层封闭性之外,还有油气水的化学特征,如地层水的交替或油气散失。通过对川东北地区地层水的水型、矿化度、水性系数等参数的综合分析认为,川东北宣汉—达县地区与通江—南江—巴中地区的地层水具有矿化度高和氯镁系数越大,变质系数、脱硫系数和碳酸盐平衡系数就越小的特点。矿化度、水性系数及水型的变化具有很好的一致性,表明该区存在有利于油气保存的水文地质条件。     

Aspects of dinantian sedimentation in the edale basin,north derbyshire

The Dinantian Edale Basin is located to the north of the Derbyshire carbonate platform and underlies the Upper Carboniferous of the central Pennines. The Edale Basin was thought to be part of a large basin which extended from the Derbyshire carbonate platform to the Askrigg Block. The presence of aggregate grains and ooids in the Alport Borehole suggests that a carbonate platform, possibly located on the Holme structural high, was present underneath the central Pennines. This platform is called the Holme Platform. The Arundian to early Asbian section of the Alport Borehole represents deposition of resedimented shallow-water carbonates with occasional bioturbated periplatform carbonates and basinal shales on the middle part of a carbonate ramp. Volcaniclastic sediments may have been derived from a volcanic centre within the Edale Basin. A change in sedimentation during the mid-Asbian to the deposition of basinal shales and distal carbonate turbidites is attributed to starvation of the basin. This may have been caused by a combination of the development of accretionary rimmed carbonate shelves and the repeated emergence of shelf carbonates deposited on surrounding carbonate platforms. The late Asbian/early Brigantian section of the Edale Borehole is interpreted as a distal equivalent of the ‘Beach Beds’ which outcrop at the north margin of the Derbyshire carbonate platform. The ‘Beach Beds’ represent bioclastic turbidites derived from the Derbyshire carbonate platform. Throughout the Brigantian, sedimentation in the Edale Basin was dominated by the deposition of distal carbonate turbidites and basinal shales. Variation of dip through the Alport Borehole indicates the common occurrence of slumps throughout the sequence and the presence of either an angular unconformity or a fault within the early Brigantian section.     

The biostratigraphy and formational relationships of the upper aeronian and lower telychian (llandovery,silurian) formations of western mid-wales

The stratigraphical relationships of the upper Aeronian-lower Telychian formations in the Aberystwyth area are examined in the light of a new biostratigraphical subdivision of this interval based on graptolites, in which part of the Monograptus turriculatus Biozone is divided into six subzones and the Stimulograptus halli Biozone is resurrected. In the Aberystwyth area (B.G.S. 1:50 000 Sheet 163 (1984)) there is shown to be greater diachroneity of formational —boundaries than previously recognized. Notably, the Cwmsymlog Formation facies persisted in the northeast of the area far longer than anywhere else, due to the persistence of a bathymetric high into the lower Telychian. Also, the basal beds of the Aberystwyth Grits in the west of the area are shown to be of the same age as the uppermost beds of the Devil's Bridge Formation in the east. Thus for a short period the area was subject to turbiditic incursions from two sources. The degree of diachroneity of the base of the Aberystwyth Grits Formation as a whole is less than previously thought — the oldest beds are approximately one subzone older in the south than in the north. The core of the in the clinal pericline responsible for the crescentic outcrop pattern of the Aberystwyth Grits is demonstrated to lie in the vicinity of Llanrhystud, rather than at Aberarth as previously suggested. Four new graptolite species are described and one new genus is erected.     

理县黄土地层与环境记录

理县黄土堆积厚度为7.30 m,可分为S0、S1古土壤层和L1黄土层。光释光结果显示,理县黄土沉积始于末次间冰期,约130 kaBP。磁化率、粒度、碳酸盐含量等经典气候替代指标分析表明,它们可以反映青藏高原东部气候环境变迁。环境记录显示,末次冰期间冰阶(即氧同位素3阶段)期间该区呈现出极端冷湿的气候环境。理县地区气候演化更接近于印度季风强度记录的变化,而与格陵兰冰心和深海氧同位素记录相似性稍差。     

围压-孔压改变条件下致密砂岩及泥页岩泊松比变化特征及机制

在围压(外压)或孔压(内压)发生变化的条件下,致密砂岩及泥页岩泊松比的变化特征及机制仍有待厘清.本研究从Terzaghi有效应力理论和国内学者提出的新有效应力概念出发,基于松辽盆地高台子组致密砂岩、青山口组泥页岩三向动、静态泊松比测定结果,剖析了两类岩石泊松比的变化特征及机制.岩石样品三向泊松比变化曲线的分布呈现显著的...