冀东司家营条带状含铁建造铁矿石铁同位素特征及其地质意义

司家营条带状含铁建造（Banded iron formation,BIF）型铁矿床是冀东地区规模最大的铁矿床,前人对其进行了大量的年代学、岩石学和元素地球化学工作,但目前尚未对其进行Fe同位素研究。本文通过Fe同位素和主微量、稀土元素相结合的方法对司家营BIF的成矿物质来源和形成背景提出了有效制约,同时对司家营BIF的锆石U- Pb年龄数据进行补充。锆石U- Pb年代学显示,司家营BIF形成于2537~2531Ma。地球化学数据显示司家营BIF矿石主要由TFe2O3和SiO2组成,具有较低的Al2O3和TiO2含量,富集Fe重同位素（δ56Fe=0.341‰~0.525‰）;稀土元素配分模式呈现轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集的特征,具有明显的Eu、Y、La正异常,Y/Ho比率较高（Y/Ho=34.96~45.84）。这些特征表明司家营BIF是基本无碎屑物质参与的化学沉积岩,稀土元素来源于高温热液和海水的混合溶液,铁质来源于海相热液流体。司家营BIF缺乏真正的Ce负异常和Fe同位素组成均为正值指示其形成于缺氧环境。综合对比世界上其他地区太古宙BIF的Fe同位素特征,本文认为新太古代时期地球海洋含氧量逐步上升,此时海洋总体属于缺氧环境,但部分地区氧气含量较高。     

The Quaternary history of the subtidal central Wash,eastern England

The history of Quaternary sedimentation in the subtidal Wash is described using high-resolution seismic profiles. The Pleistocene sequence is divided into three depositional units, comprising Anglian till overlain by possible Late Devensian subglacial scour fill and lacustrine sediments. These latter sediments may provide further evidence for a lake in the Wash impounded by ice along the Lincolnshire–Norfolk coast. The Holocene sequence is divided into six depositional units, each truncated by the one above. Estuarine sediment resting on a marine flooding surface forms the earliest unit. This sediment was partially eroded by migration of the shoreface as the marine flooding progressed landward. The following four units comprise sand and gravel banks deposited on the erosion surface. Bank deposition was followed by an episode of tidal scour caused either by increased tidal current velocities following reclamation of the Fenland or by breakdown of postulated former offshore barriers. The youngest and most extensive Holocene unit rests on the scoured surface and comprises several types of deposit. These are: large sand banks around the periphery of the subtidal area with sediment extending seawards into two NE–SW aligned troughs; low sand banks on a central ridge dividing the troughs and partially covering the sediments in the troughs; thick gravels towards the mouth of the Wash; muddy sediments forming drapes over the sand in the centre of the Wash. The data provide information on the variety of processes related to the advance and retreat of Pleistocene ice sheets in eastern England and the subsequent Holocene marine flooding of the Wash–Fenland embayment. The Holocene sequence reveals periods of widespread sedimentation separated by periods of both local and regional erosion, with possible implications for climatic and hydrodynamic change. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

藏东马牧普地区斑岩型铜金银多金属矿化带地球化学异常评价

藏东玉龙成矿带马牧普地区1:5万水系沉积物中的成矿元素Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn的研究,采用分形方法确定异常下限,得出其异常下限值分别为10×10-9、0.48×10-6、75×10-6、120×10-6、130×10-6;用因子分析研究成矿元素的异常组合规律,指出测区西南异常区为Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag组合异常,是矿致异常;中西部异常为Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn综合异常,为指示斑岩分散流的异常,是非矿致异常。     

提高化肥利用率途径的土壤磁学研究

通过土壤磁学的角度来探讨我国农业生产急需解决的前沿课题之一——提高化肥利用率问题。125组土壤磁化率、营养元素氮、磷、钾和有机碳含量数据来自杭嘉湖平原的平湖地区,分布在560 km²面积内的36个深度剖面。分析这批数据随深度的变化规律,发现非耕作层的土壤磁化率与钾、氮、磷含量具有较好的相关性,而与有机碳含量相关性较差,说明决定土壤磁性的矿物具有保持营养元素的能力。耕作层的土壤磁化率与有机碳、磷含量具有较好的相关性,而与氮、钾含量相关性较差。耕作层的土壤磁化率以及氮、磷和有机碳含量高于非耕作层的土壤磁化率以及氮、磷和有机碳含量,钾含量则相反。从非耕作层至耕作层,土壤磁化率增幅为23.8%,远低于氮增幅55.3%、磷增幅36.6%和钾减幅95.8%,说明该区存在化肥施用不均衡现象,导致土壤磁化率与营养元素含量关系的失衡。提高磁肥或磁化肥的施用量,是提高肥效的持久性与利用率的途径之一。     

Discussion on evolution of Min Jiang River: Heavy mineral evidence from the Quaternary fluvial sediments in Yibin area,Sichuan Province

Heavy minerals deposited on river terraces can be used to reflect source rock properties and reveal river evolutionary processes. This study focused on the heavy minerals deposited in the lower Min Jiang River terraces and in the modern deposits. We studied paleo-current direction, characteristics of the heavy mineral assemblages, characteristic metamorphic minerals and heavy mineral characteristic indices. The results show that the lower reaches of the Min Jiang River Ⅴ- to Ⅲ-level terrace deposits consist dominantly of magmatic rock type, which mainly comes from the Longmen Shan mountain tectonic belt. The heavy minerals deposited in modern sediment come from the Songpan-Ganzi fold belt. The heavy mineral characteristic indices suggest that this change is due to headward erosion of the Min Jiang River. Affected by the phase B of the Kunhuang movement, the Min Jiang River was incised to the Wenchuan area at 0.73-0.7 Ma and the Ⅴ-level terrace formed. The Min Jiang River was strongly cut down at 0.5-0.3 Ma due to the phase C of the Kunhuang movement, and as a result the Ⅳ-level terrace formed. Influenced by Gonghe movement, the Min Jiang River was incised to the stone mark and Ⅲ-level terrace formed in 0.11-0.09 Ma. After that, the modern Min Jiang River was formed at around 27 ka.     

山东威海滨海新城北部海域潮流数值模拟研究

山东省威海市滨海新城作为威海市的新行政中心,是威海市着力打造的宜居、宜业、宜游、宜学的现代化卓越新城。本文采用MIKE21FM平面二维数值模型研究威海市滨海新城北部海域的潮流场运动,并以分层流速流向实测资料对模型进行验证。结果表明,研究区潮流场流速和流向数值模拟结果与实测资料变化基本一致。     

河北省农田环境问题与生态保育

农田生态保育对建立健康的农田生态系统、提高农田综合生产力和保障粮食安全具有重要意义。根据1996—2004年土地调查数据和TM影像解译数据,分析河北省耕地资源的动态变化及重要的环境因子信息,阐述河北省农田数量与质量下降、土壤沙化、水土流失、农田污染、干旱缺水等农田环境问题对保障粮食安全及农业可持续发展的影响。探讨河北省农田生态保育对策,即加强基本农田保护、中低产田改造与培育、农田污染综合防治、优化区域生态环境和强化生态保育的理念。     

河北省头泉叠层石与古地理探讨

元古代叠层石是研究古地理变化的重要材料。井陉县头泉村叠层石显示了原始的群落状态,经鉴定其时代为元古代高于庄组,代表性分子为拟灌木藻板锥叠层石、多角紊乱锥叠层石、圆筒锥叠层石、杨沙候锥叠层石和高于庄叠层石。叠层石形态分异多样,与滨海、浅海相白云岩伴生,个体有较强的铁染现象,在纵向剖面上多期生长;它反映了当时古海洋的温度、盐度条件基本稳定,水动力、水深、光照条件有一定变化,古地理演化可划分为6个阶段。     

莱州湾东岸陆海相互作用与海岸缓冲区

提出了海岸缓冲区的概念。结合莱州湾东岸晚更新世以来陆海相互作用历史与近期变化,将海岸缓冲区分为古潟湖地貌限制型、开放型和人工海岸型3种基本类型,在横向上划分出3个缓冲带,对海岸缓冲区的结构与功能及缓冲区范围进行了研究。本研究对防范海岸带地质灾害、减轻灾害损失与海岸带资源与环境的可持续发展将起到积极的作用。     

河北省休闲农业的空间分布及影响机制

以河北省436家休闲农业品牌主体为研究样本,采用最邻近指数、核密度估算、近邻分析等方法,对其空间分布类型、空间结构演化、空间分布特征进行了分析。在此基础上进一步利用地理探测器量化分析了不同因素对休闲农业空间分布的影响作用。结果表明,河北休闲农业品牌总体呈显著的聚集型空间分布,并逐步演化为南部聚集连片、北部环绕京津、局部组团化聚集的高密度空间分布格局;休闲农业品牌呈现“沿路”“傍水”“环城”“近景”“依产”分布特征;休闲农业品牌的空间分布受到多种因素的综合作用影响,旅游市场条件是影响休闲农业空间分布的最主要的影响因素,其次为交通条件和自然资源。针对河北省休闲农业提出发展建议。