峨眉山东坡垂直自然带

峨眉山东坡高差约2600米,水平距离仅5公里,而自然带谱垂直分异明显。据此分出四个垂直自然带:Ⅰ.山地中亚热带常绿阔叶林黄壤带(海拔500—1800米);Ⅱ.山地北亚热带常绿阔叶与落叶阔叶混交林黄棕壤带(1800—2200米);Ⅲ.山地中温带针叶与落叶阔叶混交林暗棕壤带(2200—2600米);Ⅳ.山地寒温带针叶林灰化土带(2600—3099米)。     

皖东地区药用植物资源可持续利用研究

皖东地区自然条件优越，药用植物资源优势明显，不仅种类多、储量大，而且品质好、分布广。文章在对皖东地区药用植物资源全面调查研究的基础上，以药用植物的药用价值、分类学价值、特有状况、分布范围、野生资源数量、栽培状况等作为评价指标，分别对其进行相应的等级划分和等级赋值，建立了药用植物综合价值评价指标体系，并以此将皖东地区目前重点普查的218种药用植物划分为价值高的5种、价值较高的74种、价值一般的76种，价值低的63种，最后，就皖东地区药用植物资源可持续利用提出了科学规划、综合开发、规模引种、有效保护等基本对策。     

北秦岭天水东部地区地壳构造演化探讨

从构造体制的转化出发探讨了处于北秦岭加里东造山带的天水东部地区地壳构造演化史。研究区地壳构造演化大致经历了８个大的构造旋回、７次构造体制的转变和１５个世代的构造演化变形序列     

Selection of nursery areas by six southeast African Penaeidae

A survey was carried out along the shore and adjacent mangrove swamp in the northeast margin of Maputo Bay in Mozambique, east Africa. The study area contained several habitats within close proximity. These were shallow pools in the intertidal muddy sand flats, areas of submerged macrophytes, the swash zone on sandy beaches, primary mangrove channels, secondary mangrove channels, shallow mangrove creeks and a shallow creek with strong freshwater influence at the landward fringe of the swamp. Each station was sampled by means of a small handnet. Data suggest that Penaeus japonicus prefers sandy substrata, while P. semisulcatus chooses areas rich in submerged macrophytes. P. indicus and P. monodon both appear to favour muddy mangrove channels, although P. monodon may require marginal or floating vegetation as nurseries. Metapenaeus stebbingi seems to prefer the swash zone in quiet areas with minimal wave action, while M. monoceros is more widespread and is able to cope with very low salinities. Managers of coastal systems should, therefore, attempt to maintain a diversity of biotopes within larger systems because, even if postlarvae do enter an estuary, juvenile populations with not develop if their specific habitat has been destroyed.     

青岛东部开发区排污口优选

在青岛东部邻近海域潮流模型的基础上,对青岛市政工程处提出的污水排海位置的多种方案,进行拉格朗日标识质点数值跟踪及海域水质预测,通过比选,从环境角度确定了最佳的排污口位置,并对污水排海方式,及总量控制提出建议。     

台湾岛东部海区表层沉积物中放射虫的研究

对我国近海海区沉积物中放射虫的调查,如黄海、渤海、东海、南海等海区,已先后进行过多次[1～12],惟独在我国台湾岛东部海域尚属首次.该调查区向西与台湾本岛及绿岛、大兰屿、小兰屿相邻,南边是巴士海峡,东邻太平洋,北侧与日本琉球群岛相接.在调查区内,北面隶属琉球岛弧的八重山列岛(可进一步划分出南澳盆地和八重山海脊);中部是北东、南西走向的琉球海沟;西南部有一条称作加瓜海脊的海脊,海脊的西侧是花东盆地,东侧隶属菲律宾海盆.由于岛屿、海沟、海盆与海脊的出现,使得调查区的地形崎岖不平,水深变化大(见图1a).研究区所设的67个站位(见图1b)大部分在深水区域,深度多在2000～6000m.     

台湾岛东部表层沉积物中的微体生物化石研究

通过对台湾岛以东(角点坐标为22°N,122°E;22°N,124°30′E;24°N,125°25′E;24°N,122°E)海域67个表层沉积物样品的微体生物化石的研究,鉴定放射虫2目34科101属,178种(含21个未定种),其中泡沫虫目19科70属134种,罩笼虫目15科31属44种。对样品中保存的有孔虫化石亦进行了分析,并初步认为:影响该区微体生物化石分布的主要因素是温度、盐度、海水深度、海底沉积物、海底地形以及海流、水团等。对上述诸因素与微体生物间的关系进行了探讨。     

东秦岭造山带岩石圈热结构及断面模型

东秦岭岩石圈热结构热状态十分不均匀,沿断面可分成华北地块、北秦岭、南秦岭、扬子地块四大块,南秦岭为“热区”,北秦岭为“冷区”。商丹断裂带具８１．３ｍＷ／ｍ２高热流值,是南北秦岭的分界线,是多期构造运动的活动带,是扬子地块与华北地块的缝合带。加里东期扬子地块向华北地块俯冲碰撞,印支—燕山期俯冲板片由于“去层状化作用”断开下沉,软流圈上侵,岩石圈上地幔变薄。后国华北岩石圈下部插入扬子俯冲板片中形成穿插构造,商丹断裂带成为现今向南倾的走滑断裂带。中上地壳有不同时期的大规模逆冲推覆体,断块向南叠置;下地壳缩短成“漏斗”状下滑,地壳增厚造成东秦岭造山带现今独特复杂的岩石圈五层结构模型。     

Dust pollen distribution on a continental scale and its relation to present-day vegetation along north-south transects in east China

A series of dust pollen samples was collected along N-S transects in east China (18°N to 53°N latitudes). Sample sites extend from the cold-temperate zone in the north to the tropical region in the south. Pollen taxa characterize each region and reflect the natural and devastated vegetation as well as corre- sponding climatic zones. The quantitative pollen data can be used to estimate the spatial distribution of planted and introduced species. Valuable information of human disturbance of the natural forest is evaluated by quantitative comparison between dust pollen and in-situ pollen of protected forest. In addition, percentages of grass pollen vary regularly from north to south that is consistent with spatial distribution of net primary productivity in east China. Among all grasses, Artemisia and the Gramineae carry the clearest signal: their ratio increases northwards and therefore represent a suitable and con- venient tool for palaeoclimate reconstructions.