GIS在1∶5万榆关镇幅区域地质调查中的应用

讨论ＧＩＳ系统在１∶５万区调中的应用,阐述ＧＩＳ系统在区调过程中对各种资料的处理与编辑,包括野外资料的采集、图层的划分及图形与图像图件的编制。建立了榆关镇幅综合信息库。     

滨海城市工程地质环境类型划分及其特征研究

滨海城市是我国国民经济和社会发展的重要地区,又处于大陆与海洋交界地带,地质环境比较脆弱。提出了滨海城市工程地质环境类型划分原理,将滨海城市按照工程地质环境特征划分为四大类型：即滨海平原型城市、滨海山地平原型城市、滨海平原山地型城市、滨海山地型城市,并对其工程地质环境特征进行了研究。     

浅表地质现象对工程建设的影响及其勘探技术

查明浅表部地层地质条件,对多层及高层建筑均至关重要。针对目前上海地区,在运用小螺纹钻孔进行浅表部工程勘察中存在的一些问题,就其如何合理使用,作了若干方面的探讨。     

发展城市地质科技 构筑地质人才高地

上要建设成现代化国际大都市,城市地质工作必须确保上海城市建设各项规划任务的顺利实现。通过总结经验,转变观念,及时把握机遇,发展城市地质科技,构筑地质人才高地,为新世纪上海城市建设大发展作出新的贡献。     

Gamma-ray bursts from stellar remnants: probing the Universe at high redshift

A gamma-ray burst (GRB) releases an amount of energy similar to that of a supernova explosion, which combined with its rapid variability suggests an origin related to neutron stars or black holes. Since these compact stellar remnants form from the most massive stars not long after their birth, GRBs should trace the star formation rate in the Universe; we show that the GRB flux distribution is consistent with this. Because of the strong evolution of the star formation rate with redshift, it follows that the dimmest known bursts have z  ∼ 6, much above the value usually quoted and beyond the most distant quasars. This explains the absence of bright galaxies in well-studied GRB error boxes. The increased distances imply a peak luminosity of 8.3 × 10⁵¹ erg s⁻¹ and a rate density of 0.025 per million years per galaxy. These values are 20 times higher and 150 times lower, respectively, than are implied by fits with non-evolving GRB rates. This means either that GRBs are caused by a much rarer phenomenon than mergers of binary neutron stars, or that their gamma-ray emission is often invisible to us due to beaming. Precise burst locations from optical transients will discriminate between the various models for GRBs from stellar deaths, because the distance between progenitor birth place and burst varies greatly among them. The dimmest GRBs are then the most distant known objects, and may probe the Universe at an age when the first stars were forming.     

稀矿山式铁铜矿床与奥林匹克坝式铜多金属矿床的对比研究

东川稀矿山式铁铜矿床与奥林匹克坝式铜、铀、金、稀土矿床对比研究表明,有其相似的地质构造背景和某些相近的成矿特征,但在某些成矿条件和矿化特征上又存在较大的差异。因此,在我国某些地质构造环境有利,稀矿山式铜多金属矿发育的地区,提出寻找类似奥林匹克坝式超大型铜多金属矿床,同时也应该注意稀矿山式铁铜矿床的成矿特征和评价标志。     

柞水原划泥盆系中发现早前寒武纪变质岩系

本文阐述了作者在1：5万区调填图中,从柞水地区商丹断裂带南侧原划泥盆系刘岭群桐峪寺组中解体出前寒武纪中深变质岩系,取得了同位素全岩Sm－Nd年龄平均值2499．83Ma的数据,这对研究秦岭造山带的演化具有重要的地质意义。     

江西茅排金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

茅排金矿是我省近年发现、探明的又一小—中型岩金矿床。震旦纪—早古生代火山沉积建造提供主要成矿物质,多期次构造活动为成矿主要的控制因素,同期岩浆活动也促进了矿化富集。可注意沿北东—北北东向韧－脆性断裂带旁侧,多期次构造－岩浆发育地段寻找类似金矿。     

高产高效矿井地质条件的定量预测与检验模型

提出地质等性块段法与模糊综合评判法相结合评价煤层开采地质条件的方法对评价指标系统、验证指标系统、指标值赋值及合成,权系数和算子选定,评价方法及评价结果的验证,评价工作流程作了阐述,通过实例证明该方法客观可靠,有推广价值。