江门地区初春大雾的预报预警业务系统

介绍江门地区大雾天气分型预报业务系统。该系统采用Delphi语言编写程序、应用Access作为数据库进行开发,并采用人机交互方式,简化了预报流程,减少工作量,为及时、准确发布大雾预报和预警信息提供依据。该系统通过自动读取Micaps实时数据,以人工判断锋面、倒槽、切变线等有利于春季大雾的天气形势为辅助,对江门地区初春大雾天气做出客观预报,并对预报结果进行自动检验。     

中国汛期降水的印度洋SSTA信号特征分析

用ＥＯＦ和ＣＣＡ方法研究了印度洋洋海表温度距平场与中国汛期降水场的遥相关分布特征，结果表明，印度洋ＳＳＴＡ场与中国汛期降水相关明显，海温场异常分布对中国汛期南北经向雨带的变化及中国西北，西南和长江黄河下游地区汛期旱涝的影响明显，揭示了中国汛期旱涝异常分布的印度洋海温变化的强信号现象，说明特定的印度洋海温分布可以作为中国汛期旱涝预报的强信号因子。     

甘肃河东地区伏期降水特征及异常研究

应用甘肃河东地区 55个测站 1968～ 1995年伏期旬降水资料 ,采用EOF、REOF、遥相关 ,对河东地区伏期降水的空间异常特征、时间变化规律以及降水异常的主要成因进行了诊断分析。结果表明 :EOF展开后前三项载荷向量场反映了河东地区伏期降水的空间总体结构。REOF展开后划分了河东八个空间异常敏感区     

卫星云图和数值产品结合的讯期强降水预警系统

本文采用卫星云图分析和数值产品释用相结合的技术路线，对汛期强降水在红外云图、水汽图、可见光云图上的特征从形态学、统计学等方面进行了研究，获得了汛期强降水云团的特征结构，并结合数值预报产品，建立了汛期强降水云团预警系统。     

北极中央区经向水汽输送的主要通道

Atmospheric moisture transport plays an important role in latent heat release and hydrologic interactions in the Arctic. In recent years, with the rapid decline in sea ice, this transport has changed. Here, we calculated the vertically integrated atmospheric moisture meridional transport(AMTv) from two global reanalysis datasets, from1979–2015, and found moisture pathways into the central Arctic. Four stable pathways showed an occurrence frequency greater than 70%, and these pathways exhibited a perennial seasonal pattern in the atmosphere above the Laptev Sea Pathway(LSP), Canadian Arctic Archipelago Pathway(CAAP), both sides of the Greenland plateau. Another seasonal pathway appeared above the east of the Chukchi Sea(CSP) during the melting/freezing months(March to September). Through these pathways, AMTv contributed a total moisture exchange of60%–80%—averaged over a 75°N circle—and focused on the low troposphere. Transports across the LSP, CSP and CAAP pathways likely create an enclosed moisture route. Meridional moisture fluxes are intensified in the Pacific sector of Arctic(PSA), especially during melting/freezing months. AMTv interannual variabilities are illustrated mainly in the Laptev Sea and the east Greenland pathway. Results indicate that accompanying a tendency for a stronger Beaufort Sea High in this sea level pressure field, AMTv through PSA pathways, switched from output to input, and approximately 960 km~3 of equivalent liquid water was transferred into the central Arctic during each decade. The detrended AMTv increment is highly correlated with the rapid decline of old ice areas(correlation coefficient is –0.78) for their synchronous fluctuations in the 1980 s and the last decade.     

试析煤炭资源的安全保证问题

分析了我国煤炭资源的安全保证问题,认为其主要影响因素是:有效供给不足、回采率低、基础地质工作滞后、国家“财产权益”模糊、忽视循环经济发展等,并提出了有关建议。     

Modification of the Sm–Nd isotopic system in garnet induced by retrogressive fluids

Garnet, as a major constitutive mineral of eclogite, is important for Sm–Nd dating of eclogite due to its high Sm/Nd ratio and its stability during retrogression. However, a comprehensive study of the petrography, mineral chemistry, garnet water content, and Sm–Nd isotopic composition of eclogites from the Bixiling massif, Central Dabie Zone (CDZ), reveals significant modification of the Sm–Nd isotopic system in garnet as a result of retrogression. This problem constitutes a challenge for Sm–Nd dating of the Bixiling eclogites, with the Sm–Nd isochron ages of 218 ± 4 to 210 ± 9 Ma reported in the literature being younger than 226 ± 3 Ma, which is the generally accepted peak metamorphic age of the CDZ. Petrographic analysis reveals heterogeneity in colour within single fractured garnet grains. There are light‐pink garnet (Grt‐P) and red garnet (Grt‐R) types that possess distinct chemical compositions. Compared to Grt‐P, Grt‐R has higher Fe and andradrite contents but lower Al and grossular contents. Grt‐P also has lower water contents (15–35 ppm) than Grt‐R (34–65 ppm), which, together with the spatial association between Grt‐R and fractures, suggests that the colour change is related to fluid alteration. Grt‐P is an ultra‐high‐pressure (UHP) mineral, and Grt‐R is the product of the interaction between Grt‐P and a fluid during retrogression. Moreover, Grt‐R features lower Sm and Nd contents but higher Sm/Nd ratios than Grt‐P. The Sm–Nd isochrons defined by UHP minerals (Grt‐P+Omp+Rt or Grt‐P+Cpx+WR) from three eclogite samples yield consistent ages of 226.0 ± 3.8 Ma, 225.0 ± 3.9 Ma and 226.2 ± 6.9 Ma, which are identical to the peak metamorphic age of 226 ± 3 Ma for the CDZ. The retrogressed garnet (i.e., Grt‐R), omphacite and rutile, together define a pseudoisochron with younger ages of 218.9 ± 5.9 to 202.8 ± 4.8 Ma, which are geologically meaningless. The increase in the Sm/Nd ratio with constant or lower ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios during the transformation of Grt‐P to Grt‐R was probably the cause of these younger ages.     

西藏工布江达县沙让斑岩钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄及其地质意义

沙让钼矿是念青唐古拉地区扎雪—亚贵拉成矿带的重要矿床,是西藏第一个达详查程度的独立钼矿,初步的勘查成果表明,钼资源量已经达到大型规模。为了查明念青唐古拉成矿带是否存在主碰撞期的大规模成矿作用,对沙让亚贵拉洞中拉矿集区沙让斑岩钼矿的7件辉钼矿样品进行了ReOs同位素分析,辉钼矿187Re的含量22.75~46.66（μg/g）,187Os的含量为19.98~40.32（ng/g）,辉钼矿的模式年龄分布在51.57~52.69Ma的范围内,模式年龄较为一致,所获ReOs等时线年龄为51±1.0Ma（MSWD=0.55）。该成矿年龄对应于冈底斯带主碰撞期岩浆岩底侵作用事件（介于47.0～52.5Ma之间（大约50Ma的始新世)）,也与形成林子宗群帕那组43.93～53.52 Ma的火山事件一致,由此表明,冈底斯构造岩浆带存在主碰撞期的大规模成矿,沙让花岗斑岩型钼矿形成于始新世早期,而分布于沙让花岗斑岩外4km范围内的矽卡岩型热液脉型铅锌铜银（Mo）多金属矿可能也属该时期成矿的产物。     

巴颜喀拉-川西边缘前陆盆地演化

巴颜喀拉古特提斯洋的消亡过程反映在巴颜喀拉残留盆地到边缘前陆盆地的转化的沉积记录中。鉴于这个前陆盆地与其向克拉通延伸的组成部分－四川盆地现为龙门山逆冲带所分隔，以致已往的沉积盆地研究多针其相割裂，本文将结合巴颜喀拉洋的消亡过程，把这两个盆地视为一个统一整体来加以分析，研究其演变历程。     

一种应急测绘保障模式的探讨

各种自然灾害的发生,给国家和人民的生命财产造成了巨大的损失,应急测绘保障作为应急救灾的一种有效支持手段,对应急救灾工作发挥着不可替代的作用,然而传统测绘作业模式难以满足应急救灾工作对时效性的要求,在多次应急测绘保障任务的基础上,探索出了一种有效的应急测绘保障模式,提高了应急测绘保障的时效性.