Shallow Drilling of Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems Using the BGS Rockdrill: Conical Seamount (New Ireland Fore-Arc) and PACMANUS (Eastern Manus Basin), Papua New Guinea

ABSTRACT

From September to October 2002, shallow drilling, using the submersible (5 m) Rockdrill of the British Geological Survey and the German R/V Sonne revealed critical information on the subsurface nature of two distinct hydrothermal systems in the New Ireland fore-arc and the Manus Basin of Papua New Guinea. Drilling at Conical Seamount significantly extends the known surface extent of the previously discovered vein-style gold mineralization (up to 230 g/t Au) at this site. Drilling the conventional PACMANUS volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit recovered complexly textured massive sulfide with spectacular concentrations of gold in several core sections including 0.5 m @ 28 g/t Au, 0.35 m @ 30 g/t Au, and 0.20 m @ 57 g/t Au. Shallow drilling is a fast and cost efficient method that bridges the gap between surface sampling and deep (ODP) drilling and will become a standard practice in the future study of seafloor hydrothermal systems and massive sulfide deposits.     

深水钻井隔水管紧急脱离后的反冲响应

深水钻井中,在恶劣海况或浮式平台定位失效等情况下,需紧急断开隔水管与水下防喷器的连接。隔水管突然脱离后会加速向上反冲,如果反冲作用控制不当,可能威胁钻井平台、隔水管体和水下井口的安全。介绍了国外隔水管紧急脱离与反冲响应的研究情况,分析了隔水管紧急脱离的原因与程序、脱离后的反冲过程、反冲控制方式和成功脱离标准、反冲响应的分析方法。建议:由于南海深水海况复杂,作业者需制定紧急脱离的预案和作业规程,并进行紧急脱离操作培训;由于隔水管紧急脱离后的反冲响应涉及多个非线性瞬态过程,研究者应该开展隔水管紧急脱离测试和反冲响应模拟计算,开发隔水管反冲响应分析软件。     

Methods of setting depth range with credibility of conductor for deepwater drilling based on probability statistics

Becasuse of the deep water depth and long riser of deepwater drilling, the stability of subsea wellhead is threatened. Meanwhile, the setting depth of conductor directly affects the mechanical stability of subsea wellhead. Through analyzing the impact of different factors on the setting depth of conductor, we found that the bearing capacity growth factor of subsea soil has a great influence on the setting depth of conductor. However, the coefficient is a regional and empirical constant, which seriously affects the accuracy and reliability of the results. In this paper, probability statistics and geostatistics methods are employed to count the bearing capacity growth factor of target point's adjacent wells, as well as transplant and predict the target point through differential arithmetic, which can obtain the predictive value of target point's coefficient containing probability information. Finally, we can obtain the setting depth range with credibility of conductor. This is conducive to designers to calculate the setting depth of conductor with other uncertain factors taken into account, and reasonably control the potential risks.     

气体、泡沫等欠平衡钻井条件下感应测井应用分析

对气体、泡沫等欠平衡钻井条件下测井方式进行阐述,通过不同钻井液电阻率下对感应测井进行数字模拟,发现气体、泡沫等介质对感应测井影响较小。天然气介质和原油介质条件下感应测井现场实验的资料分析说明,感应测井在气体、泡沫等欠平衡钻井条件下可行。     

我国煤田钻探技术的研究进展

介绍了煤田地质勘探系统近年来在钻探科研生产方面所取得的新成果;研制和开发出的钻探新设备、新机具、新材料、新技术和新工艺以及这些成果在生产实践中所起的作用和取得的经济效益。     

冲击凿岩钎杆的瞬态动力学分析

以ANSYS为平台，按照真实工作状态对凿岩钎杆进行了瞬态动力学分析，并对不同活塞形状下分析结果数据进行了比较，为冲击凿岩系统设计提供了理论依据。     

插拔桩靴对临近桩靴承载力的影响研究

自升式钻井船桩靴的插拔过程将会对临近井口平台的桩靴基础产生不利影响。开展了室内模型试验研究,将试验结果与理论分析结果相结合,得到了桩靴插拔的影响范围及影响范围内土体强度的变化规律,并推导了桩靴插拔影响区内临近桩靴承载力的计算方法,与模型试验结果进行了对比验证。研究表明,桩靴插拔后砂土相对密实度降低,其降低程度随距桩靴距离的增加而逐渐减小,影响范围约为1倍桩靴直径。受桩靴插拔影响,临近桩靴的承载力下降,降低比例随两桩靴相对间距的增大而减小,随桩靴相对插深的增加而增加。当两桩靴相对间距大于2倍插拔桩靴直径时,可认为桩靴插拔对临近桩靴基础承载力无影响。     

新型复合胶无粘土冲洗液研究及应用

针对松散覆盖层、强风化破碎层取心率低,岩心松散破碎,孔壁稳定性差等问题,进行了以天然植物胶为主原料的处理剂复配改性研究和冲洗液优化配方研究。主要研究方法是通过有机聚合物和无机交联剂的作用,对羟丙基瓜尔胶(GRJ)进行交联改性,以此获得新型复合胶无粘土冲洗液优化配方,并进行了现场应用。应用效果表明,该冲洗液密度低,粘度可调范围大,流变性和润滑性好,成膜护心、护壁作用强,完全满足第四系覆盖层、胶结差的砂卵石层和强风化破碎地层取心钻进要求。     

旋挖钻进工艺在海相沉积地层中的应用

以潮州电厂基础桩施工为例,对其钻孔设备的特点和施工工艺作了介绍,阐述了旋挖钻机在海相沉积地层中施工灌注桩的工艺方法及其质量控制措施。     

Nautilus矿业公司SMS勘探中采用的取样技术与装备

海底大块状硫化物(SMS)富含铜、锌、铅等金属,特别是富含贵金属金、银,引起了国际采矿业的浓厚兴趣。近年来,以澳大利亚Nautilus矿业公司为先驱代表的国际大型资源开发商和投资商已介入海底多金属硫化物的商业化开采。文中介绍了Nautilus公司在巴布亚新几内亚专属经济区针对海底块状硫化物矿床开展的一系列以商业开采为目的的勘探取样活动,详细介绍了勘探中所采用的基本方法与技术,并重点对其地质调查中所应用的拖网挖掘取样、ROV海底表面取样、大洋钻探船岩芯取样和专门开发的ROV岩芯钻探取样的装备、取样结果及作业效率进行了较为系统全面地介绍。