实时动态差分法测量精度模型及实验研究

从实时动态差分（RTK）测量精度的表现结果出发,通过综合分析RTK测量误差特性,推导出反映RTK测量精度的数学模型,并用实例验证。为实时预测评价RTK局域性控制测量提供可行依据,切实指导RTK测量实践,具有较好借鉴价值。     

多普勒雷达降水反演及其与改进的区域气候模式RIEMS的同化研究

本博士论文在前人构建的陆面水文过程模型TOPX和区域气候模式RIEMS的耦合模式的框架基础上,针对耦合模式中RIEMS对降水和蒸散发的模拟精度较低,RIEMS和TOPX模式之间尺度不匹配等几个核心问题进行了深入细致的研究:对天气雷达资料的定量估测降水方面的研究获得了对沂沭河流域最佳的Z-R关系,并通过雷达雨量计联合校正法得到较高精度的面降雨量;采用集合卡尔曼滤波同化算法对雷达反演的面雨量及区域气候模式RIEMS的降水输出进行了数据同化方案研究,获得了更好的降水模拟效果;在RIEMS和水文模型TOPX构成的耦合模型中加入同化方案,实现了流域降水的实例模拟研究,结果表明使用同化方案明显改善了水文模拟效果。     

不规则三角网数字水深模型缓冲面快速构建的滚动球加速优化算法

针对TIN_DDM缓冲面构建与应用中存在的数据类型特殊、算法效率与模型精度不匹配的问题,本文将滚动球模型应用扩展至TIN_DDM缓冲面的构建过程。在分析滚动球模型构建精度局限的基础上,建立了滚动球半径关联的滚动球模型整体精度控制方法;结合大数据量TIN_DDM缓冲面多次构建的应用效率需求,阐明了关键采样点与滚动球半径对TIN_DDM缓冲面构建效率的影响规律;设计了TIN_DDM缓冲面构建关键采样点的判定准则,建立了关键采样点与滚动球半径的数值关联关系;提出了一种基于滚动球加速优化模型的TIN_DDM缓冲面快速构建算法,算法时间复杂度为O(n)。试验结果表明:本文算法可实现任意缓冲半径条件下TIN_DDM缓冲面的多次快速构建,且算法精度控制在2σ内。     

试析GIS技术在房产测绘中的作用

以GIS技术在房产测绘中的作用探索研究为题展开论述。首先,介绍了GIS技术操作简单、工作效率高、功能全面,可以实现全天候工作的优势特点。然后,结合测绘行业方面的相关经验,提出该技术在房产测绘中的作用。最后,对GIS技术的改进做了简单分析。希望可以提高GIS技术在房产测绘中的工作效率,促进我国房产事业的长期、稳定发展。     

ZY-102C星数据在矿山遥感监测中的应用研究与分析

利用资源一号(ZY-1)02C卫星(以下简称02C星)全色高分辨率相机(HR)和多光谱相机(MUX)数据,以河北承德多金属矿区和江西寻乌稀土矿区为实验区,开展了1∶5万矿山遥感监测应用研究;分析了应用过程中存在的问题,提出了解决方案和建议,对02C星数据在矿山遥感监测中的规模化应用起到了示范效果。研究结果表明:在数据处理流程上,对空间分辨率为2.36 m的02C星全色HR1与HR2数据需先进行正射纠正再拼接,对空间分辨率为10 m的多光谱数据MUX可采用假彩色合成方法进行模拟真彩色合成;在矿山地物识别上,与SPOT5图像比较,02C星图像可更好地反映出开采面、开采点、中转场和矿山建筑等矿山地物类型,不足之处是纹理信息较平滑、矿山地物的边界相对模糊,因而增加了室内解译的难度;在经济效益上,02C星数据的性价比优势明显。因此,尽管02C星数据处理和解译工作量较大,但其能满足1∶5万矿山遥感监测要求,总体经济效益显著。     

The development of computer networks: First results from a microeconomic model

 Computer networks like the Internet are gaining importance in social and economic life. The accelerating pace of the adoption of network technologies for business purposes is a rather recent phenomenon. Many applications are still in the early, sometimes even experimental, phase. Nevertheless, it seems to be certain that networks will change the socioeconomic structures we know today. This is the background for our special interest in the development of networks, in the role of spatial factors influencing the formation of networks, and consequences of networks on spatial structures, and in the role of externalities. This paper discusses a simple economic model – based on a microeconomic calculus – that incorporates the main factors that generate the growth of computer networks. The paper provides analytic results about the generation of computer networks. The paper discusses (1) under what conditions economic factors will initiate the process of network formation, (2) the relationship between individual and social evaluation, and (3) the efficiency of a network that is generated based on economic mechanisms. Received: 5 July 2000 / Accepted: 28 November 2000     

小口径割管器的设计与应用

某盐井施工时,在245．00—270．00m孔段有25m钻具被水泥固结,进行透孔作业时,扫至孔深250．60m时,扫孔用岩心管被扫落的钻杆接头碎块卡住拧断,透孔时发现孔内遗留3．2m断岩心管、钻头等物。根据钻孔结构与遗留钻具的特点．自行设计一种主要由活塞柱、割刀片和复位弹簧组成的小口径割管器,将水泥固结钻具割断,并将钻具和多种残留管材打捞出孔。从割断后打捞上来的钻杆分析,钻杆切割面光滑、平整,钻杆被完全切透,说明此种割管器设计合理,各部件动作有效。     

以钻代槽勘查方法研究与应用

为解决槽、井探等传统地表揭露手段自身局限性问题及减少对环境的破坏,提出以钻代槽勘查方法研究的技术路线,总结归纳出浅钻技术方法与钻孔布孔方案,同时初步探讨了基于钻孔数据的三维地质建模方法。最后将以钻代槽方法成果在西藏等地进行了推广应用,验证了可行性和有效性。     

阶段性干旱胁迫对小麦光合生理特性及产量结构的影响

在人工遮雨的条件下,采用盆栽的种植方式探究"皖麦68"营养生长期(返青期—开花期)及生殖生长期(开花期—成熟期)轻度干旱胁迫(土壤相对含水量为55%±5%)及复水(土壤相对含水量为70%±5%)对其光合生理特性及产量结构的影响。结果表明:返青期至成熟期充分供水(CK)的小麦旗叶光合参数和产量最高。开花至成熟期复水(DN)的小麦叶片在复水后光合能力迅速恢复,表现出了超补偿效应:光合速率(16.43μmol/(m~2·s))甚至超过了CK(15.01μmol/(m~2·s));采用非直角双曲线模型拟合小麦旗叶的光响应曲线,其中DN的曲角θ最大;DN产量较CK略有降低但千粒重为34.51 g,高于CK(34.44 g)。开花至成熟期轻度干旱(ND)及全生育期轻度干旱(DD)的小麦光合特征参数与产量均显著降低。DD产量最低、品质最差,但其收获指数I_H高于CK、仅次于DN。在小麦返青期—开花期进行水分管理适量减少灌溉,开花期—成熟期复水能够提升籽粒的干物质积累量,获得较高的产量及品质。     

Bather density as a predominant factor for health effects related to recreational bathing: results from the Greek bathers cohort study

Our aim was to examine the health effects on bathers from exposure to recreational seawater on three beaches with different microbiology quality and bather density through a cohort study. An initial questionnaire and a 10 day follow up were used. Univariate and backward logistic regression analyses were used to asses the risk of developing symptoms or diseases among the bathers. In total, 3805 bathers were included in the study and 149 samples were collected from the three beaches. Despite all the beaches being characterized of high quality the levels of bacterial indicators differed among them. Health effects among bathers were not associated with bacterial indicators. A statistically significant increased risk for symptoms related to respiratory illness, gastroenteritis, medical consultation and use of medication was observed among bathers at the higher bather density beaches. Beach bather numbers should always be taken into account when considering a risk assessment approach.