浅析软煤及煤层气钻探取样工具的结构特征

提出了在我国开展软煤及煤层气钻探取样的必要性和对取样工具的特殊要求,在总结提高采取率和取样质量技术途径的基础上,论述并具体分析了用于软煤钻探和钻取含气样品的新型钻具结构,得出了取煤样钻具应具有单动、超前、隔水、避振、防脱功能和取气样钻具应在此基础上增加密封、冻结、集气功能的结论。研讨的钻具结构特征对于开展软煤及煤层气钻探取样的同行具有参考价值。     

高密度电法在高速公路病害边坡中的应用

近几年,随着我国对山区高速公路建设的投入,对高危病害边坡的研究显得日益重要.众所周知,山区地形地貌一般起伏较大,地质条件相对复杂,且易发育滑坡、崩塌堆积、岩溶塌陷等地质灾害.高效准确地查明这些地质灾害的空间分布特征,对指导地质灾害治理方案设计和安全施工意义重大.以贵州省某高速公路的滑坡勘察应用为实例,介绍高密度电法在边...     

中、美两国铀矿钻探工作量的对比分析

钻探进尺、数量、终孔深度、单位进尺的费用等参数是铀矿勘探中的重要实物工作量和可量化指标。以＂红皮书＂和美国能源信息署等公布的数据为依据,对比分析了中、美两国近两年铀矿钻探统计参数,以及与铀矿勘查之间的关系。     

福州花岗岩区大直径地热深井主要钻井技术

在福州大直径地热深井钻探施工中,使用钻井能力大于600m的大型水文钻机及相关配套设备,选用HA、HJ系列掌背强化金刚石保径、中-高抗压强度镶齿三牙轮钻头,采用 气举反循环钻井工艺,成功施工十余口550～1 200m优质高温大口径地热深井,介绍了其主要钻井技术,对今后深层回灌钻井施工具积极的作用.     

Effect of Agents on Hydrate Formation and Low-Temperature Rheology of Polyalcohol Drilling Fluid

In order to ensure safe drilling in deep water and marine gas hydrate bearing sediments,the needed characteristics of drilling fluid system were analyzed.Moreover,the effect of different agents on hydrate formation and the low-temperature rheology of designed polyalcohol drilling fluid were tested,respectively.The results show that clay can promote gas hydrate growth,while modified starch and polyalcohol can inhibit hydrate formation to some extent,and PVP K90 has a good performance on hydrate inhibition.Th...     

The Rio de la Plata craton and the adjoining Pan-African/brasiliano terranes: Their origins and incorporation into south-west Gondwana

The Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian amalgamation of SW Gondwana through the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogeny is reviewed with emphasis on the role of the Río de la Plata craton of South America in the light of new evidence from a borehole at the eastern end of the Tandilia belt (38°S). U–Pb, Hf and O isotope data on zircon indicate that this un-reworked Palaeoproterozoic craton abuts against a distinct continental terrane to the east (Mar del Plata terrane). The craton is bounded everywhere by transcurrent faults and there is no evidence to relate it to the Neoproterozoic mobile belts now seen on either side. The Punta Mogotes Formation at the bottom of the borehole contains 740–840 Ma detrital zircons that are assigned to a widespread Neoproterozoic rifting event. The data suggest that the Mar del Plata terrane rifted away from the southwestern corner of the Angola block at c. 780 Ma. Negative εHf_t values and δ¹⁸O > 6.5‰ suggest derivation by melting of old crust during a protracted extensional episode. Other continental terranes may have formed in a similar way in Uruguay (Nico Pérez) and southeastern Brazil, where the Schist Belt of the Dom Feliciano orogenic belt is probably a correlative of the Punta Mogotes sequence, implying that the Dom Feliciano belt must extend at least as far as 38°S. A new geodynamic scenario for West Gondwana assembly includes at least two major oblique collisional orogenies: Kaoko–Dom Feliciano (580–680 Ma) and Gariep–Saldania (480–580 Ma), the latter resulting from oblique impingement of the Rio de la Plata craton against the Kalahari craton. Assembly of this part of South-West Gondwana was accomplished before the Ordovician (to Silurian?) siliciclastic platform sediments of the Balcarce Formation in the Tandilia Belt covered the southern sector of Río de la Plata craton.     

千斤顶在钻井事故处理中的应用

山西三交煤层气区块某煤层气参数井＋生产试验井施工中遇到的一次钻杆折断,孔底遗留钻具为78.38m的孔内事故。在事故分析和施工经验总结的基础上,为弥补钻探设备对孔内钻具提升力的不足,尝试将千斤顶应用到事故处理中,并成功地处理了这次由于断钻具引起的卡、埋钻事故,避免了处理事故过程中次生事故的发生,减少了处理事故的时间,保证了施工工期和钻孔质量,大大减少了由于孔内事故引起的经济损失,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

低土相高密度钻井液体系的配方研制

针对高密度钻井液体系普遍存在的黏度偏大、流变性难以调控、经常出现井下复杂情况等问题,通过对聚合物包被剂、膨润土含量、润滑剂、抑制剂的优选,确定了低土相高密度钻井液体系的最佳配方,开发了一套低土相高密度钻井液体系。室内研究结果表明,该钻井液体系具有良好的抗钻屑、NaCl和石膏的污染能力和良好的抑制封堵能力,岩屑滚动回收率达到93．7％,能够满足高温高压、严重造浆、高渗透率以及微裂缝发育等复杂地层的钻井技术要求。     

小井眼侧钻水平井钻完井工艺在QHD32—6油田的应用

由于海洋石油开发的特殊性,每个采油平台的槽口数量有限,而新建平台或者外挂槽口成本太高,因此利用低效井和关停井的槽口进行套管内开窗侧钻成为一种很好的选择。QHD32—6F平台部分生产井为中177．8mm生产套管,利用修井机在Ф177．8mm生产套管内开窗侧钻Ф152．4mm小井眼,直接着陆钻水平段,裸眼段最长达1120m,平均长1032m。该工艺技术可操作性较强,工期短,成本低,为延长老油田寿命,维持老油田经济开发指明了方向。     

金刚石钻探促进了我局钻探工程的飞跃发展──为吉林省地矿局推广小口径金刚石钻探20周年而作

吉林省地矿局自１９７４年推广小口径金刚石钻探以来，钻探效率大幅度提高，加强金刚石多工艺钻探技术，使全局钻探水平跃居地矿系统的前列，加快了吉林省地质找矿的速度。金刚石钻探技术成为我省黑色、有色、贵金属、非金属矿床的重要勘探手段。