关于星座小卫星的编队飞行问题

从轨道力学角度来看星座小卫星编队飞行和星星跟踪中的伴飞，遵循着如下动力学机制：(1)在各小卫星绕地球运动过程中轨道摄动变化的主要特征决定了星-星之间的空间构形，(2)当星星之间相互距离较近时，在退化的限制性三体问题(实为限制性二体问题)中，共线秤动点附近的条件周期运动亦可在一定时间内制约星-星之间的空间构形．将具体阐明这两种动力学机制的原理和相应的星星之间的相对构形，并用仿真计算来证实这两种动力学机制的适用范围，为星座小卫星编队飞行和在伴飞运动过程中进行轨控提供理论依据和具体的轨控条件．     

Stratigraphic hierarchy and three-dimensional evolution of an exhumed submarine slope channel system

Submarine slope channel systems have complicated three-dimensional geometries and facies distributions, which are challenging to resolve using subsurface data. Outcrop analogues can provide sub-seismic-scale detail, although most exhumed systems only afford two-dimensional constraints on the depositional architecture. A rare example of an accessible fine-grained slope channel complex set situated in a tectonically quiescent basin that offers seismic-scale, down-dip and across-strike exposures is the Klein Hangklip area, Tanqua-Karoo Basin, South Africa. This study investigates the three-dimensional architecture of this channel complex set to characterise the stratigraphic evolution of a submarine channel-fill and the implications this has for both sediment transport to the deep-oceans and reservoir quality distribution. Correlated sedimentary logs and mapping of key surfaces across a 3 km² area reveal that: (i) the oldest channel elements in channel complexes infill relatively deep channel cuts and have low aspect-ratios. Later channel elements are bound by comparatively flat erosion surfaces and have high aspect-ratios; (ii) facies changes across depositional strike are consistent and predictable; conversely, facies change in successive down depositional dip positions indicating longitudinal variability in depositional processes; (iii) stratigraphic architecture is consistent and predictable at seismic-scale both down-dip and across-strike in three-dimensions; (iv) channel-base-deposits exhibit spatial heterogeneity on one to hundreds of metres length-scales, which can inhibit accurate recognition and interpretations drawn from one-dimensional or limited two-dimensional datasets; and (v) channel-base-deposit character is linked to sediment bypass magnitude and longevity, which suggests that time-partitioning is biased towards conduit excavation and maintenance rather than the fill-phase. The data provide insights into the stratigraphic evolution and architecture of slope channel-fills on fine-grained continental margins and can be utilised to improve predictions derived from lower resolution and one-dimensional well data.     

合成孔径雷达星座发展综述

自1978年第一颗星载SAR——Seasat-A发射以来,世界主要航天大国相继发射了多颗SAR卫星。几十年来,星载SAR传感器的性能不断提高,向着高分辨率、多极化、多模式和星座化等趋势发展。德国和意大利分别完成了SAR-Lupe(5颗)和COSMO-Sky Med(4颗)SAR卫星星座的布署,用于军事侦察或军民两用,欧空局和加拿大也正在积极开发SAR星座任务,甚至一些商业公司也开始研发小卫星SAR星座。SAR星座能够显著提高对地观测能力,既可以通过编队飞行进行双/多站、多角度或干涉成像,还可以通过多星组网大大缩短重访周期,满足对重点区域的密集观测需求。在SAR传感器和卫星平台都越来越小型化、低成本的背景下,星座组网正成为SAR对地观测发展的主要方向之一。     

Factors explaining the dispersal of Hendra virus disease in South-East Queensland

Hendra virus (HeV) was first described in 1994 following the outbreak of a new disease fatally affecting horses and humans in South-east Queensland. The disease kills 70% of the infected horses and under some circumstances the virus is spread to humans who have had close contact with the infected horses. Fruit bats (Pteropus spp.) commonly known as flying foxes have been identified as the natural host of the virus. A preliminary analysis of the incidents and the flying fox roosting sites revealed a strong relationship between the temporary and seasonal roosting sites in the South-east Queensland. The aim of this paper is to determine the potential factors that can explain the dispersal of HeV incidents in the study area. Based on the preliminary results, a further analysis was done on the roosting sites by considering factors such as the species of flying foxes, foraging range and pregnancy period. Spatial autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I) revealed significant clustering of P. alecto and P. scapulatus species. Kernel density estimation analysis helped in identifying a strong relationship between P. alecto & P. scapulatus species density and the outbreak events in the study area. Buffer analysis established an initial relationship between P. alecto & P. poliocephalus species birth periods and the incidents. Ordinary least-squares regression identified P. poliocephalus species as statistically significant at a global context across the study area. Geographically weighted regression analysis was performed to study the local spatial variations of the explanatory variables. P. alecto & P. poliocephalus species exhibited a significant positive relationship in most of the regions where as pregnancy period variable exhibited a significant negative relationship to the HeV incidents in the study area.     

西北太平洋海域太平洋褶柔鱼秋生群产卵场指数动态评估

为探究太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus)秋生群资源丰度波动的原因,本研究利用适宜产卵的海表温度(SST)和水深数据,构建了太平洋褶柔鱼秋生群1979—2018年40年潜在产卵场模型,在此基础上开发了适宜海表温度均值(MVSS)、适宜性海表温度加权面积(SSWA)和等温线经向位置(MP)3种产卵场指数...     

气温、气压对飞行安全的影响分析

分析了气温，气压变化造成的高度表误差及气温及气温的变化带来的飞 机空速表误差，认为现行民航航线飞行安全高度的规定存在一定的不足，并提出了改进办法。     

航磁测量中飞行高度质量控制的方法技术

在青藏高原中西部开展的1:100万高精度航磁概查中,能否获得高质量的测量效果,关键在于能否在野外作业中保持较低的飞行高度。在保证飞行安全的前提下,根据测区的地形、气象条件和飞机性能,提出了旨在能有效地降低飞行高度的新的测量方法,取得了预期效果,有一定的推广意义。     

渤海湾盆地隐蔽油气藏

渤海湾盆地隐蔽油气藏的形成与分布 ,总体上受控于裂谷断陷湖盆的生成演化。中新生代以来 ,多旋回的挤压、走滑与伸展作用 ,使华北地台解体 ,地壳薄化 ,并形成由一系列掀斜断块组成的裂谷盆地。在盆地内 ,常出现含油的潜山披覆背斜构造、拖曳构造、重力滑动构造、冲断构造和不同时期不同类型构造复合叠加而成的复杂隐蔽断裂构造。受老第三纪构造旋回与古气候旋回控制 ,在沉积建造上形成了 5个不整合或假整合界面和 4套层序叠覆的层序结构 ,以及富于岩相岩性变化的断陷湖盆沉积。在水进超覆层内或水进超覆层之间 ,建造的低水位扇砂体、浊积岩体、生物碎屑灰岩与火山岩体等 ,极易形成大量的地层岩性油气藏和岩性与构造复合油气藏。     

珠江口盆地花岗岩成因探讨及其对油气资源指示 意义

珠江口盆地燕山期花岗岩地球化学、地球物理等特征分析表明,其形成缘于中生代太平洋板块向华南大陆的俯冲,并引起华南大陆边缘岩石圈等温面上隆及上地壳硅铝质岩石的多次重熔。花岗岩层形成后的区域性剥蚀作用导致盆地隆起部位花岗岩穹窿和背斜的形成;此后,新生代沉积物覆盖在花岗岩背斜和穹窿之上并形成披覆背斜,该类构造为珠江口盆地重要的含油气构造类型。在中生代时,东沙隆起及其以北具有高地温场,花岗岩发育的特点;南部坳陷带则表现低地温场和中生代沉积等特点。中生代烃源岩演化程度相对较低,它在新生代时期具备二次生烃的可能性。     

斜阶跃波层状介质航空瞬变电磁响应数值计算

目前,航空瞬变电磁方法数据解释主要采用阶跃波均匀半空间模型计算视电导率值,而实际航空电磁系统发射波形的下降沿多为斜阶跃,导致解释时计算的视电导率值存在较大偏差。为此,笔者研究了航空瞬变电磁系统发射电流为斜阶跃时的电磁响应数值计算,将发射波形进行拉氏变换,利用G-S逆拉氏变换与241点汉克尔变换相结合的方法,实现斜阶跃波关断后的层状大地模型航空瞬变电磁响应计算;并对均匀半空间和层状大地模型下,不同关断时间和不同飞行高度对电磁响应的影响进行分析。得出结论:不同关断时间,关断后取样延时2 ms时,均匀半空间电磁响应的平均偏差为27.78%,三层模型的平均偏差为32.16%;当飞行高度从20 m增加到60 m时,均匀半空间和三层模型的感应电动势分别减小了43.6%和83.2%。