内编队重力场测量系统轨道参数与载荷指标设计方法

内编队系统通过构造内卫星纯引力轨道完成高精度重力场测量,实现了不依赖于加速度计的重力卫星实施新途径.针对内编队系统轨道参数和载荷指标设计任务,从定性的角度分析了轨道高度、轨道倾角、偏心率等轨道参数的选择原则,以及外卫星定轨精度、内外卫星相对状态测量精度、内卫星非引力干扰抑制精度、系统采样率等载荷指标对内编队重力场测量性能的影响,并建立了这些参数之间的匹配关系.为获取内编队系统轨道参数和载荷指标的定量设计结果,给出了内编队重力场测量数据模拟和反演计算方法.结合轨道参数和载荷指标对重力场测量性能的影响及其匹配关系,提出了由解析推导和数值计算相结合的方法,获取重力场最高反演阶数、大地水准面精度、重力异常精度等重力场测量性能与轨道参数、载荷指标之间的解析关系,并给出了该解析关系的具体数学形式.与解析法、半解析法相比,该公式由解析推导和大量数值计算得到,因而考虑的影响因素更加全面,计算结果更加合理,可用于快速准确设计内编队系统轨道参数和载荷指标.     

Distributed Space Segment for High Energy Astrophysics: Similarities And specificites

This paper analyses two height energy astrophysics missions, MAX and SIMBOL-X, which have been studied in CNES in the frame of a large formation flying study program. It is particularly interesting to notice that the scientific specifications of two different missions lead to the same engineering solutions for the whole mission aspects and then advocate for a similar space segment architecture and re-use of common elements, thus allowing potential cost reductions for a second mission.In deed, the same level of data to download and a similar signal-to-noise ratio requirements leads to the same orbit and communications system, the same level of pointing precision and distance inter satellites lead to the same formation flying Guidance Navigation and Command (GNC) architecture. At the end, the same level of mass and thermal constraints leads to the same range of platform and the same propulsion systems and finally to the same launcher.     

利用广播星历确定BDS卫星飞行区域

针对北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)采用异构星座,其GEO、IGSO卫星飞行区域并非全球覆盖,传统监测站覆盖性能分析方法不宜直接应用以及导航卫星在轨运行时受到多种摄动影响,其实际运行区域与设计区域有别等问题,提出采用实测数据界定BDS导航卫星飞行区域的方法,并以BDS试验评估系统国内跟踪站网及GPS/BDS测试评估系统跟踪站网为例,分析了监测网的覆盖性能。实验证明本文提出的方法可较为合理、能够较准确地描述BDS地面跟踪站网的监测覆盖性能。     

塔里木盆地两种重要的圈闭型式及其与喜山期油气关系

在塔里木盆地众多的圈闭类型中，中生界披覆背斜圈闭和以下古生界为主的断块潜山（或潜山）圈闭是最重要的两种高产圈闭型式，此两种圈闭均主要形成于中生代，它们所富集的油气均主要是喜山期以来生成的油气。披覆背斜圈闭封闭样多为单封闭层整合型，而断块潜山（或潜山）圈闭封闭样成式为不整合型（其中许多尚属多封闭层圈闭），故从理论上看，中生界披覆背斜圈闭封闭和储聚油气能力要优于古生界断块潜山（或潜山）圈闭，塔北勘探实     

Precise GRACE baseline determination using GPS

Precision relative navigation is an essential aspect of spacecraft formation flying missions, both from an operational and a scientific point of view. When using GPS as a relative distance sensor, dual-frequency receivers are required for high accuracy at large inter-satellite separations. This allows for a correction of the relative ionospheric path delay and enables double difference integer ambiguity resolution. Although kinematic relative positioning techniques demonstrate promising results for hardware-in-the-loop simulations, they were found to lack an adequate robustness in real-world applications. To overcome this limitation, an extended Kalman Filter modeling the relative spacecraft dynamics has been developed. The filter processes single difference GPS pseudorange and carrier phase observations to estimate the relative position and velocity along with empirical accelerations and carrier phase ambiguities. In parallel, double difference carrier phase ambiguities are resolved on both frequencies using the least square ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (LAMBDA) method in order to fully exploit the inherent measurement accuracy. The combination of reduced dynamic filtering with the LAMBDA method results in smooth relative position estimates as well as fast and reliable ambiguity resolution. The proposed method has been validated with data from the gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) mission. For an 11-day data arc, the resulting solution matches the GRACE K-Band Ranging System measurements with an accuracy of 1 mm, whereby 83% of the double difference ambiguities are resolved.     

基于GIS的无人飞行器路径规划

在研究无人飞行器路径规划与飞行地理环境关系的基础上，提出了基于GIS无人飞行器路径规划方法，研究了该方法的体系结构和工作流程。应用实例表明，该方法能够有效地解决无人飞行器路径规划问题。     

中国首次发现真正会飞的“恐龙”——中华神州鸟(新属新种)

记述了辽宁义县早白垩世九佛堂组的一件初鸟类(Avialae)化石,其嘴里无牙,前肢明显长于后肢,尾巴由20多节尾椎组成,叉骨呈U字形,飞行羽毛超过了身体的长度。各种特征表明,新发现的初鸟类真正具有了飞行能力,代表了恐龙向鸟类演化过程中的又一中间环节。正式将其命名为中华神州鸟(Shenzhouraptorsinensisgen.etsp.nov.)。     

基于组合卫星导航系统的编队卫星分析

针对编队飞行中星间相对定位的任务需求,分析了卫星导航系统对编队卫星的动态观测几何问题,引入了相对定位精度衰减因子(RDOP)描述,并讨论了其性质。在对编队中单颗低轨卫星进行导航卫星GDOP分析的基础上,研究了不同编队宽度下编队集合的共视卫星和共视时段,仿真了一定场景下的编队卫星RDOP,并比较了与PDOP的大小关系。接收机的截止高度角对于导航卫星GDOP影响较大;编队宽度会影响到共视卫星的选择;而与采用单个GPS系统相比,采用GPS-Galileo组合卫星导航系统对编队卫星进行相对定位,RDOP数值明显减小,从而有利于高精度的星间位置确定。     

Formation Flying for a Fresnel Lens Observatory Mission

The employment of a large area Phase Fresnel Lens (PFL) in a gamma-ray telescope offers the potential to image astrophysical phenomena with micro-arcsecond (μ^′′) angular resolution [1]. In order to assess the feasibility of this concept, two detailed studies have been conducted of formation flying missions in which a Fresnel lens capable of focussing gamma-rays and the associated detector are carried on two spacecraft separated by up to 10⁶ km. These studies were performed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Integrated Mission Design Center (IMDC) which developed spacecraft, orbital dynamics, and mission profiles. The results of the studies indicated that the missions are challenging but could be accomplished with technologies available currently or in the near term. The findings of the original studies have been updated taking account of recent advances in ion thruster propulsion technology.     

卫星编队——下一代空间光学遥感发展的方向

编队飞行是多颗卫星在共同控制律下动力学状态的耦合。利用卫星编队来实现光学稀疏孔径,是下一代空间光学遥感发展的新方向。阐述了光学稀疏孔径的概念及成像原理,讨论了空间光学遥感成像的干涉模式选择问题,并分析了菲索干涉对卫星编队的要求。