中国大陆与邻区强震分区活动性及其随时间演化

根据主要构造分布、震源机制解分布及地震活动状况，将中国大陆及邻区分成20个单元，6个区。利用中国地震局地球物理研究所提供的地震目录，计算近百年来各单元和各区的6级以上强震释放应变能，做出时间滑动后的应变能—时间曲线图，分析认为：(a)中国大陆及邻区百年来的强震活动是一个复杂的时空动态过程，每个区、带有其高、低潮，然而各地区没有统一的地震释放应变能高潮与低潮；(b)强震的活动与平静只是相对而言的，没有绝对的活动或平静；(c)微动态期划分较好的体现了强震活动特征，每个微动态期内至少有一个高潮期，且强震集中在一个主体地区内发生，各搬动态期的能量可以有起伏。通过进一步的讨论和分析，提出中国大陆地壳变形主要受三方面因素的控制：(1)印度板块、太平洋板块和菲律宾板块的活动及其变化控制中国强震活动图像的总体格局；(2)大陆地壳结构的非均匀性及其变化影响了主体地区的形态结构；(3)地壳形变的继承性影响强震活动主体地区形成与变迁的过程。     

Deep structural characteristics and seismogenesis of the M≥8.0 earthquakes in North China

Introduction North China is a seismically active area in the eastern part of China, where four M8.0 earthquakes have been recorded in the historical documents and confirmed by the researchers. The first is the M=8.0 earthquake occurred in A.D. 1303 in Hongtong, Shanxi Province. It was the ear-liest M=8.0 earthquake recorded in the historical document in China. The second is the M=8.0 earthquake occurred in A.D. 1556 in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province. The other two are the M=8.5 earth…     

Minimum 1-D velocity model in Southeastern Sicily (Italy) from local earthquake data: an improvement in location accuracy

The monitoring of seismic activity inSoutheastern Sicily (Italy) has beenrecently improved by a digital seismicnetwork. This effort has produced ahomogeneous and complete dataset which weused to define a reference 1-D velocitymodel. We have inverted P- and S-wavearrival times from 51 selected localearthquakes by using several initialvelocity and layer thickness models. Then,the range of possible velocity modelsobtained was tested with earthquakelocations to select the best velocitymodel. Improvements in location accuracy byusing the Minimum 1-D velocity model, withrespect to the locations obtained by usingthe routine velocity model, were evidencedfrom the reduced residuals, the smallerestimated location errors, and theincreased tendency of foci to cluster. Thedistribution of relocated hypocentersconfirmed the lack of seismic activity inthe central part of the area.     

Shake table tests on a mass eccentric model with base isolation

A mass eccentric structure is usually more seismically vulnerable than its concentric counterpart because of the coupled torsional–translational response of such structures. In this work, dynamic characteristics and response of a five‐storey benchmark model with moderate mass eccentricity were investigated using a shake table, simulating four different ground motions. The effectiveness of laminated rubber bearings (LRB) and lead‐core rubber bearings (LCRB) in protecting eccentric structures was examined and evaluated in relation to translational and torsional responses of the benchmark model. It was observed that both translational and torsional responses were significantly reduced with the addition of either a LRB or LCRB isolated system regardless of the nature of ground motion input. The LRB were identified to be more effective than LCRB in reducing model relative displacements, the relative torsional angle as well as accelerations, and therefore provided a better protection of the superstructure and its contents. On the other hand, LCRB rendered a smaller torsional angle and absolute displacement of the base isolation system, hence a more stable structural system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance of elevated tanks in<Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">w</Emphasis></Subscript> 7.7 Bhuj earthquake of january 26th, 2001

The current designs of supporting structures of elevated water tanks are extremely vulnerable under lateral forces due to an earthquake and the Bhuj earthquake provided another illustration when a great many water tank stagings suffered damage and a few collapsed. The more popular shaft type stagings suffer from poor ductility of thin shell sections besides low redundancy and toughness whereas framed stagings consist of weak members and poor brace-column joints. A strength analysis of a few damaged shaft type stagings clearly shows that all of them either met or exceeded the strength requirements of IS:1893-1984, however, they were all found deficient when compared with requirements of the International Building Code. IS:1893-1984 is unjustifiably low for these systems which do not have the advantage of ductility and redundancy and are currently being underestimated at least by a factor of 3 and need an upward revision of forces immediately.     

新沂台地磁异常与地震关系的研究

应用差分法分析了新沂台与射阳台地磁垂直分量Z的变化，以加卸载响应比方法研究地磁场极值的变化，对这两台资料进行相关分析，研究发现，在中强震前新沂台的地磁场存在明显的异常变化。     

宁夏及邻区5级以上地震前中等地震活动增强特征研究

通过对1965年以来宁夏及邻区ML≥5.0以上地震前中等地震资料的分析，发现大多存在中等地震活动增强特征，在A级中等地震活动增强异常结束后7个月内发生5级地震的概率为0.71；B区在3年内发震概率为0.60。发震地点位于异常分布范围的外围连线附近的概率为0.79。其预测效能R值评分为0.75，因此中等地震活动增强可以作为本区5级以上地震的一种中期预测方法。     

历史地震序列类型的划分及其应用刍议

作者对我国历史地震记载特点进行了分析，探索了历史地震序列类型划分的建议方案，即根据历史地震序列的记载特点，将其分为“安全类”和“危险类”两种类型。在此基础上以山东地区为例，对山东及邻区历史地震序列分类。结果表明，区内历史地震序列中安全类约占83.9%，危险类约占16.1%，这一结果与本区现代地震序列类型划分结果大体一致，但与全国现代地震序列类型统计结果有一定差异。由于受地震史料记载详略因素的限制，上述结果是粗略的、初步的，但仍是对于现代地震序列类型信息的一种补充。所得结果可在震后早期趋势快速判定中参考。     

1584年肇庆5.0级双震的发震构造讨论

1584年肇庆两次5.0级地震属于双震。两次地震等烈度线长轴均呈北西向。震中附近有两条较大的断裂，一是北东向高要断裂，它是吴川－四会断裂的分支断裂，并控制了一系列地震分布，可谓之控震构造。另一条是北西向白土断裂，与两次地震等烈度线长轴一致，联系到1905年43／4级地震也发生在此断裂附近，该断裂应是本次地震发震构造。     

Distribution of apparent stress in western China

Introduction Seismological data (mainly focal mechanism data) has shown to be capable of providing important constraint on the geodynamical models of the eastern Asia in the perspective of stress orientation, stress state (compressional, tensional, or shear), and the source of stress (HUAN, et al, 1979; Xu, et al, 1992). One of the outstanding problems left is the stress level. In principle, within the framework of elasticity, it is impossible to obtain the information of the absolute stress…