A Functional Analysis of the Benthic Macrofauna of the São Sebastião Channel (Southeastern Brazil)

Abstract.  The major problem in coastal areas of developing countries is disturbance caused by anthropogenic influence. This disturbance can be quantified by analysing the distribution and composition of marine communities using uni- and multivariate techniques and the biotic index. A study of benthic macrofauna was carried out along the São Sebastião Channel, northern coast of São Paulo State, Brazil, in an area with a submarine outfall, a petroleum terminal and a commercial harbour. Sampling was undertaken seasonally, by means of a van Veen grab (0.1 m²) at 15 oceanographic stations, from November 1993 to August 1994. A total of 392 species were identified (129 Polychaeta, 127 Mollusca, 98 Crustacea, 28 Echinodermata and 10 other phyla). The sedimentary pattern recorded for the São Sebastião Channel is very heterogeneous, influenced mainly by strong wind-driven currents, and differs from nearby shelf areas. The study area could be divided into three regions based on sediment texture and fauna: one region dominated by medium and coarse sand with low values of organic carbon; a second area where pelitic fractions were dominant with high values of organic carbon and nitrogen; and a third region characterised by fine and very fine sand, presenting intermediate organic carbon values. No temporal significant variation in abundance and species composition was found, except in autumn. The use of the 'marine Biotic Coefficient' showed the same ecological trend as the faunal abundance and demonstrated that the central continental region of the channel is affected by human activities.     

北秦岭华阳川地区重磁三维反演及岩浆岩特征研究

华山岩体、老牛山杂岩体等中酸性花岗岩体和华阳川韧性剪切带在北秦岭华阳川地区的成矿过程中起着重要的作用,既是构造演化的记录,又是构造—岩浆—成矿的重要指示。本文在系统研究华阳川地区地面和航空重力、磁测数据以及地面电法剖面等多种地球物理资料的基础上,完成物性统计分析、航空和地面数据融合处理,通过先验信息约束的重磁2.5D交互式反演和三维反演计算,构建了华阳川地区区域三维地质—地球物理模型,为区域地质背景和深部地质构造的研究提供地球物理依据;推断解释了华山岩体、老牛山岩体和华阳川韧性剪切带的三维形态和空间分布,探讨了华阳川韧性剪切带、老牛山岩体和华山岩体的深部接触关系,对大岩体外围接触带的铀、钼等矿床的深部找矿具有一定指导意义。     

MICROHABITAT DISTRIBUTION OF METAZOAN PARASITES ON GILLS OF SILURUS ASOTUS IN JIANGKOU RESERVOIR, JIANGXI PROVINCE, CHINA

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｐａｒａｓｉｔｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓｉｎｆｉｓｈａｒｅｆｏｕｎｄｎｏｒｍａｌｌｙｔｏｂｅｐｏｏｒｉｎｔｅｒｍｓｏｆｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｃｏｍｐｏ ｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｗｈｅｎｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｏｓｅｉｎｂｉｒｄｓａｎｄｓｏｍｅｏｔｈｅｒｈｉｇｈｅｒｖｅｒｔｅｂｒａｔｅｓ (Ｋｅｎｎｅｄｙｅｔａｌ.,1 986;Ｅｓｃｈｅｔａｌ.,1 990 ) .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｅｃｔｏｐａｒａｓｉｔｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｎｇｉｌｌｓｏｆｆｉｓｈａｒｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｓｓｐｅｃ…     

柴达木盆地及邻区侏罗纪原型盆地恢复及油气勘探前景

侏罗系是柴达木盆地最重要的源储层系之一。通过野外地质、剖面实测、地震解释、显微构造分析等大量系列资料的综合应用与分析,认为研究区自中生代以来,经历了印支期右行逆冲-走滑构造运动、早—中侏罗世伸展运动、早白垩世北西-南东向挤压及新生代南北向挤压运动,它们与早侏罗世至中侏罗世早期(小煤沟组至大煤沟组)在NE向伸展应力场作用下形成的断陷盆地、中侏罗世晚期至晚侏罗世(彩石岭组—洪水沟组)热力沉降坳陷盆地、早白垩世南北向挤压坳陷盆地密切相关。侏罗纪原型盆地发育三类沉积边界,即盆缘不整合边界(缓坡型和陡坡型边界)、盆内正断层边界、后期逆断层改造边界。不同的现存盆地边界类型对原型盆地恢复的作用不同。侏罗纪盆地以东昆仑构造带为界具有"北陆南洋"的古地理格局,柴达木地区的侏罗纪盆地主要发育在沿岸造山带和岛弧带的山前坳陷以及薄弱的柴北缘加里东俯冲碰撞带之上,形成相对分隔的独立盆地群。柴达木早、中、晚侏罗世原型盆地的分布因受到古特提斯洋向北偏东方向的俯冲作用和阿尔金断裂左旋走滑作用的影响,其沉积中心和沉积范围呈现出从早到晚向东北方向逐渐迁移的规律。早侏罗世盆地的沉积沉降中心主要位于柴北缘西部的冷湖—马海一带,中侏罗世盆地的沉积沉降中心主要位于柴北缘中段的大柴旦—怀头他拉一带,而晚侏罗世盆地的沉积沉降中心主要位于德令哈—乌兰一带。     

本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度与温、湿度的空间分布和昼夜变化特征

洞穴空气CO2浓度是影响洞穴次生化学沉积物沉积和溶蚀的重要因素之一。基于对本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度、温度和湿度连续两个昼夜的系统观测结果,结合洞外大气CO2浓度、温度和湿度数据,初步分析了本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度空间分布特征和昼夜变化规律：（1）洞穴空气CO2浓度自洞口开始快速增高至一定深度后趋于稳定,这个快速升高的距离与不同季节洞穴交换能力有关,秋季大约是370 m。洞穴CO2浓度稳定区的空间差异可能主要与洞穴结构和裂隙发育情况有关,在洞体变小的倚天长剑景点附近出现峰值,而在洞体变大的石瀑布景点和游客无法进入的源头区出现低谷。（2）观测期间,洞穴空气CO2浓度总体上呈递降趋势,基本上与游客数量有关。（3）在洞穴空气CO2浓度急剧上升的近洞口段,洞穴空气CO2浓度每个昼夜出现两个峰值,分别对应正午12时和午夜前后。本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度的这种变化特点,受游客与工作人员的呼吸排放和洞穴与大气间的气体交换作用的双重影响。     

Textural analysis and modelling of a flood deposit: River severn,U.K.

Samples of sediment collected from the Severn floodplain between Worcester and Gloucester following the severe flooding in January and February 1990, were analysed for their grain size distribution. The results show that most sand was deposited within 20 m of the channel bank, but that fine sand may contribute to flood sediment across the width of the floodplain. James' (1985) numerical model of overbank sedimentation attempts to predict the transfer of sediment to the floodplain during flooding. Geometrical and hydraulic data relating to the Severn flood are used as input for a computer program of James' (1985) model. The pattern of sediment concentrations predicted by the model was compared with that obtained from statistical analysis of the flood sediment. The patterns were found to be similar, so James' (1985) model was considered to predict in a relative sense the distribution of flood sediment.     

连云港近海紫菜养殖区遥感识别、空间变异和驱动分析

为了科学有效地掌握海域使用信息、管理海域权属,为海域资源调查、管理、规划、保护、合理利用提供服务,为违法、违规、违章用海项目得到有效遏制,减少用海矛盾,有必要开展海域使用动态监测,作者以连云港近海为研究区,利用4个时相Landsat遥感影像(2002、2008、2013、2016年)通过面向对象算法提取弱水背景下的紫菜养殖区信息,揭示空间分异规律,并分析其驱动原因。研究结果表明:4期影像提取连云港近海紫菜养殖区信息的精度分别是87.5%、92%、91.7%和94.6%。紫菜养殖区空间分布的变化规律为紫菜养殖面积不断增加且整体向深海方向推进。赣榆港口航运区和田湾核电站特殊利用区存在少量紫菜养殖区,项目用海不符合连云港市海洋功能区划(2016～2020年)。连云港近海紫菜养殖区空间分异的驱动因子主要是自然条件、养殖技术、海洋经济和社会发展四大因素。     

Drought parameters in relation to truncation levels

Drought parameters, namely the longest duration, largest severity and the intensity have been calculated in relation to the truncation levels ranging from 0 to −0\5 in the standardized domain for the normal, gamma and log‐normal probability distribution functions (PDFs) of the drought variables. The drought variables taken in the investigation are the annual rainfall and runoff time‐series evolving randomly and obeying the Markovian dependence. The analysis showed that the assumption of independence of the drought duration and intensity works well in deriving the expression for drought severity at various truncation levels. An estimate of drought intensity has been realized from the concept of the truncated normal distribution of the standardized form of the time‐series of drought variables in the normalized domain. Furthermore the non‐normality and the dependence in the time‐series have a significant effect on the drought parameters at the truncation levels under consideration. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黔西北地区多元素地球化学特征与找矿标志

黔西北地区是一个裂谷盆地构造区,盆地内发育铅锌矿床,矿化受断裂和地层的联合控制。从区域地球化学、水系沉积物地球化学、地层地球化学以及地球化学块体等几个方面的特征进行了较为系统的研究。断裂两侧及断裂交汇处、岩体接触带、Pb-Zn组合异常区以及地球化学块体的浓集中心为该区的主要找矿标志,应注重多元素组合异常区内的研究。另外,该区具条带状的地球化学块体浓集带和高强度的Pb、Zn元素化探组合异常之特点,具有良好的Pb、Zn元素成矿背景;建议进行综合研究,尽早发现大型甚至超大型铅锌矿床。     

福建省高速公路沿线雷电活动特征分析

为了揭示福建省高速公路沿线雷电活动特征,做好高速公路机电设施的防雷工作,本文利用2015 2018年福建省三维闪电监测数据以及福建省高速公路路网资料进行统计分析.分析了高速公路沿线地闪的月、日活动特征,得出地闪活动主要分布在5 9月和14:00 18:00.根据高速公路沿线地闪密度绘制雷电活动等级分布图,结果表明高速公...