空间数据关联规则挖掘的不确定性处理及度量

针对传统空间数据关联规则挖掘缺乏不确定性处理及度量的局限性,将空间数据的不确定性和空间数据挖掘的不确定性有机结合,初步建立了空间数据关联规则挖掘的不确定性处理模型及度量指标,包括空间数据不确定性的Monte Carlo模拟、基于不确定性空间数据的空间自相关度量和关联规则不确定性度量等,并以我国某地区环境调查数据为例进行验证。     

认真学习<四川省防震减灾条例>提高依法治震水平

从学习防震减灾法律法规的必要性,重要性和紧迫性;《四川省防震减灾条例》的产生过程及其意义;《四川省防震减灾条例》修改后的新内容和新特点;对依法行政,做好执法和执法监督工作等方面,阐述了认真学习《四川省防震灾条例》,努力提高依法治震水平的问题。     

合力随时间线性变化的热带气旋路径分析

热带气旋在移动过程中,环境气压场和其自身内力等都在发生变化。假设这些影响热带气旋的力之和随时间的变化在某一时段内是张性的,从而导出热带气旋的路径曲线方程。分析方程,得逞以热带气旋移动的三个基本规律。通过实例计算,可以看到方程曲线与实际路径几乎一致的个例验证结果,并有意义地证实一些人们以前的研究成果。     

基于Rough集理论的矿井突水规则获取

以突水样例的一个子集为例,采用可变精度的Rough集模型,经过对原始决策信息表的数据预处理、属性约简、值约简和规则生成等主要步骤,最终获得了与该样例子集相适应的若干突水规则,这些规则较好地覆盖了该样例子集所包含的突水信息,具有同等的分类决策效果。      

贵州务川大竹园铝土矿床伴生镓富集规律及沉积环境特征

通过对贵州务川大竹园铝土矿床的研究,发现矿床中伴生镓的含量普遍超过了工业综合利用的最低指标。Ga在含铝岩系中均有不同程度的分布,Ga与TiO₂、Cr、Zr、Sn呈中等正相关关系,说明Ga可能赋存于含TiO₂、Cr、Zr、Sn的矿物中; Ga与Al₂O₃呈弱正相关关系,说明Ga可能以类质同象的形式存在于Al的化合物中。Sr/Ba=1.09~19.69>1,表明铝土矿形成于海相沉积环境; Th/U=1.72~12.31,表明铝土矿可能风化作用不彻底; Ga/Al=0.45~1.84,表明成矿介质酸碱度的变化幅度较小。从含矿岩系矿物组合中含黄铁矿、高岭石等矿物可以推断介质为酸性的可能性较大; 稀土元素(rare earth element, REE)球粒陨石标准化分布曲线向右倾斜,轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,重稀土元素(HREE)亏损,δCe显示为弱正异常,Ce/Ce^*=1.17~10.17>1,表明铝土矿形成于富氧的沉积环境,δEu显示为负异常,进一步表明成矿是以氧化环境为主。综合分析认为大竹园铝土矿床形成于以海相沉积作用为主的富氧的沉积环境。     

Errors caused by peak factor assumptions in response‐spectrum‐based analyses

The modal combination rules commonly used in response spectrum analyses implicitly assume that the peak factor associated with the response quantity of interest is equal to the peak factors of the contributing modal responses. In this paper, we examine the validity of this assumption and demonstrate that it causes the modal combination rules to over‐represent the contribution of the higher modes of vibration to the total response and under‐represent the contribution of the lower modes. Consequently, a response‐spectrum‐based analysis can yield a biased estimate for the peak value of a response quantity when two or more well‐separated modal frequencies make significant contributions to the total response. To correct this potential bias in response‐spectrum‐based estimates, we develop a procedure for estimating the peak factors that is suitable to the response spectrum analysis calculations commonly used in the current design practice. Examples are presented to demonstrate the proper use and potential impact of the proposed procedure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Whose sustainability? Top–down participation and emergent rules in marine protected area management in Indonesia

A review of a major community-based marine protected area programme (CB-MPA) in an Indonesian island archipelago is the point of departure for this article. Despite a well-designed institutional structure to facilitate local participation, local knowledge about the CB-MPA is found to be low and resource access and influence on decision-making in the programme is negligible for the majority of islanders. At the same time, most of those who know about the programme consider it as pertaining to the public authority only. These findings stand in contrast to evidence on non-formal ways of protecting and managing marine areas in the same geographical area but outside the formal MPA institutional framework. In particular, the article identifies a number of emergent rules-in-use in marine management, which operate parallel to legally established MPAs. It is argued that emergent forms of marine area protection such as non-formal self-organising island exclusion zones (IEZ) offer as yet mostly unused potentials for formal MPA development, particularly in those coastal and marine areas without traditional forms of marine and coastal management.     

自然资源大数据快速服务平台关键技术的研究与实现

目前行业内普遍存在难以实现海量空间数据快速服务（包括快速存取、显示、检索、分发和在线服务）的难题,制约了自然资源数据的共享应用。针对上述问题,本文提出了一套"基于分布式列式数据库和Hilbert空间编码规则优化海量空间数据的存取、检索、显示效率"的解决方案,对其具体技术路线进行了详细阐述,并进一步介绍了大数据快速服务平台研发和推广情况。本文旨为满足新时代经济社会发展对海量空间信息快速服务的迫切需求。     

基于面向对象与规则的Sentinel-2A影像土地覆被分类——以江西省都昌县为例

土地覆被作为地表自然和人工建造物的综合体,是开展土地科学相关研究的重要基础,在遥感大数据背景下,准确、快速、自动化进行土地覆被提取技术一直是遥感研究中的重点。本文基于eCognition软件,采用面向对象的多尺度分割法,综合考虑地物在遥感影像上的光谱、形状和纹理特征,建立多种地物提取规则。通过模糊函数、支持向量机（SVM）和阈值法对研究区的土地覆被进行分类提取,并与研究区的FROM-GLC10数据和土地利用变更数据进行了对比分析。结果表明：①研究区土地覆被分类的总体精度为97%,Kappa系数为0.96,分类精度较高;②基于10 m分辨率影像,综合使用形状、纹理、光谱信息对于道路的提取具有较好的效果,道路提取Kappa系数为0.84;③分类结果在面积和空间分布上都优于FROM-GLC10数据,与研究区实际土地变更数据保持较好的一致性。基于面向对象与规则的分类方法提取地物能够有效利用多种遥感影像特征,分类精度高,对于处理高分辨率遥感数据具有很好的优势。     

Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part II stiffened panels

The present paper is Part II of a series of three papers on methods useful for the ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures. In contrast to Part I [Paik et al., 2007a. Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part I unstiffened plates, Ocean Engineering, doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.08.004] that deals with unstiffened plates, the present paper (Part II) is focused on methods for the ultimate limit state assessment of stiffened plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions. The object structure is the bottom part of an AFRAMAX-class hypothetical double-hull oil tanker structure designed by IACS common structural rules (CSR) method, that is the same ship studied in Part I. Three candidate methods, namely ANSYS nonlinear finite element method, DNV PULS method, and ALPS/ULSAP method, are employed for the present study. The results and insights developed from the present study are summarized in terms of ultimate strength characteristics of bottom-stiffened plate structures.