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Reservoir models have large uncertainty because of spatial variability and limited sample data. The ultimate aim is to use simultaneously all available data sources to reduce uncertainty and provide reliable reservoir models for resource assessment and flow simulation. Seismic impedance or some other attribute provides a key source of data for reservoir modeling. These seismic data are at a coarser scale than the hard well data and it not an exact measurement of facies proportions or porosity. A requirement for data integration is the cross-covariance between the well and seismic data.The size-scaling behavior of the cross correlation for different measurement scales was nvestigated. The size-scaling relationship is derived theoretically and validated by numerical studies (including an example with real data). The limit properties of the cross-correlation coefficient when the averaging volume becomes large is shown. After some averaging volume, the volume-dependent cross-correlation coefficient reaches a limit value. This plateau value is controlled mainly by the large-scale behavior of the cross and direct variograms.The cross correlation can increase or decrease with volume support depending on the relative importance of long- and short-scale covariance structures. If the direct and cross variograms are proportional, there is no change in the cross correlation as the averaging volume changes. Our study shows that the volume-dependent cross-correlation coefficient is sensitive to the shape of the cross variogram and differences between the direct variograms of the well data and seismic data. 相似文献
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以巴东长江公路大桥桥位边坡为例,在前人稳定性评价的基础上,建立了基于剩余推力法和Sarma法的边坡稳定可靠性分析模型,分析表明边坡系统可靠性指标(β,Pf)能更准确地表达边坡稳定性、安全性和工程风险水平。 相似文献
54.
煤层底板突水系数计算公式的探讨 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
段水云 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(1):96-99
根据从诸多濒临带压开采威胁的煤矿中得到大量的第一手资料,运用多元统计分析方法,揭示出了煤层底板突水这种地质现象的演化和特征的内在联系和规律,建立了矿压对煤层底板破坏深度的计算式。通过对以往煤层底板突水系数计算公式进行对比、分析、推理和总结,克服了以往计算公式的不足,继承和发展了公式的优点,得出了考虑因素较全面和较科学的突水系数计算式,从而为解决煤层底板隔水岩柱薄弱地带或断裂陷落柱薄弱地带的煤矿安全生产提供了一套行之有效的解决方法。这套公式在太原西峪煤矿和晋城矿务局(西区)得到了应用,证明是一种行之有效的方法。 相似文献
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A new algorithm to correct the orientation error of the accelerometerat the Dahan Downhole Array, Hualien, Taiwan is developed. This algorithmconsists of three stages: (1) rotating two horizontal ground motions on thefree surface to the SH-SVdirection and SH axis offers a reference direction.(2) computing the synthetic downhole SH waves at a downhole station and (3)searching a rotation angle for downhole observation that yields a best waveformmatch between the synthetic and observed downhole seismograms. At this point, the rotated angle corresponding to the best waveform match can be considered as the orientation error. We selected five earthquakes with good data qualityfor analysis. Results show that this algorithm gives a more stable estimationthan a conventional method because it allows the selection of data from a wider time window for analyses. The estimated orientation error of the accelerometers at the Dahan Downhole Array after the 1999 reinstallation are40°, 114° and 285° at depths of 50, 100 and 200 m, respectively. 相似文献
58.
指出了共线条件方程式教学中应注意的一些问题:共线条件方程式是联立的两个平面方程式,存在双主距(fx,fy)时的几何概念,以及它的变换式与直接线性变换关系式的异同点。 相似文献
59.
比较GPS弦距与常规光电测距弦距的差别,对分析GPS测量误差问题,解决GPS与地面数据联合平差中权的确定问题,以及检核GPS网的解算结果具有重要意义。本文利用一多期复测成果,对其中的一些问题作了初步探讨。 相似文献
60.
Migration characteristics of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the subsurface can be expressed as a water–DNAPL two-phase system based on mainly the k–S–p relations, which describe the relations among relative permeability (k), degree of water saturation (S), and capillary pressure head (p). The aims of this research are to develop an experimental system with new type of probes, such as the electrical conductivity probe for measuring the degree of water saturation and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic tensiometer for measuring the pore water and DNAPL pressures, and also to estimate the results obtained from the developed experimental system. From these tests, the excellent k–S–p relations were obtained and the efficiency and validity of this developed experimental system have been confirmed in terms of the concept of the scaling coefficient calculated by interfacial tensions. 相似文献