近距离重叠隧道盾构施工的纵向效应及对策研究

上下重叠隧道施工时,后挖隧道施工过程对先建隧道是一种“卸载”作用,受此影响,先建隧道的衬砌管片将朝后挖隧道方向变形,但这种影响作用是暂时的。以深圳地铁3号线老街站-晒布路站区间重叠隧道工程为背景,采用三维有限元数值计算和室内离心模型试验相结合的手段,对上部隧道（后挖隧道）施工引起的下方已建隧道纵向变位进行了研究。结果表明,后挖隧道施工引起的先建隧道不均匀沉降主要出现在约掌子面前方3.5D（D为隧道直径）到后方3D的范围内。基于此,探讨了应对这种暂时纵向效应的对策措施,主要包括临时压重和临时内撑。在先建隧道位于掌子面后方(0~1)D、(1~2)D、(2~3)D范围内分别设置20 t/3 m、20 t/6 m、20 t/9 m的临时压重,且在掌子面前方4D和后方4D范围内为先建隧道设置临时内撑,可以较好地减小由于后挖隧道施工引起的先建隧道附加不均匀变形。     

上软下硬地层浅埋大跨度车站拆撑安全性分析

对于复合式衬砌隧道,初支受力最危险的时期就是为保证二次衬砌的完整性而分段拆除临时支撑的阶段。依托青岛地铁某暗挖车站,采用现场实测数据分析和数值模拟相结合的方法,对比拆撑前后围岩与初支变形情况,进而对6 m范围内交替拆撑,并以6 m为工作单元间隔拆撑的拆撑方案安全性进行分析。实测数据表明,地表沉降、拱顶沉降及净空收敛在拆撑前后增长量及影响均较小,数值计算结果与实测数据吻合较好,可知初支的安全性受支撑拆除的影响较小。研究结论为实现信息化施工提供了依据,也为今后类似工程积累了相关经验。     

隧洞衬砌中湿喷钢纤维混凝土的应用

基于湿喷钢纤维混凝土的性质，讨论了喷射混凝土的特点及其在暂时支护与永久支护中的应用。     

短潮位序列系统误差的探测及修复方法研究

提出了一种基于最小二乘潮位序列分段匹配方法。通过系统误差类型分析、分段段长确定、沉降发生具体时刻确定、系统误差类型探测和修复等算法研究,实现了临时潮位站潮位资料不同系统误差的准确探测和高精度修复。     

基于数据立方体的多最小支持度关联规则在犯罪分析中的应用

为了快速获取候选项集的支持度,避免频繁访问数据库而造成效率低下的问题,在MSapriori算法的基础上引入数据立方体,提出DC_MSapriori算法。该算法无需多次扫描事务数据库,减少了I/O操作,降低了搜索开销。实验基于福州市鼓楼区各大医院周边的案事件数据,快速挖掘出犯罪时空模式,验证了算法的有效性。     

地质要素在工程构筑选址中的影响特性分析

新的作战样式催生地质环境下工程构筑选址这一全新的命题。本文探究了地质要素对工程构筑选址的影响,将工程分成三大类,总结三类工程的地质影响要素;通过分析土体、岩体的物理化学和力学性质对工事的作用,总结陆域水体对岩体和建筑材料的物理化学作用,梳理主要的构造、地质灾害和资源类型对工程的影响,明确了六大类地质要素在工程构筑选址中的影响特性,为下一步确定各要素在工程构筑选址中的权重以及构建工程构筑选址信息模型奠定了基础。     

“Contested policy mobility”: the creative transformation and temporary use of brownfields in Redtory,Guangzhou

This article argues that the changing distribution of power between coalitions of stakeholders challenges typical top-down dynamics of policy mobility, and causes contestations that in turn lead to the multi-scalar co-construction of policy- and place-making in China. When property-led redevelopment, commandeered by the coalition between government and investors, could no longer dominate the renewal of brownfield sites, a nationally endorsed mobile policy of creative transformation led China’s renewal of these areas into a new phase of “contested policy mobility”. Three kinds of contestations have been observed in Redtory, Guangzhou. First, in adopting the alternative mobile policy of using brownfields temporarily before permanent redevelopment, local governments were aiming to retain control of development rights throughout a nationally mandated urban economic “creative transformation” process. Second, emerging new interest groups from within the public sphere were able to resist subsequent redevelopment plans, thereby challenging the mobile policy’s top-down momentum. Finally, divisive interests within the coalition ultimately weakened their power when contesting the government and investors.     

A high‐altitude temporary spring in a compartmentalized carbonate aquifer: the role of low‐permeability faults and karst conduits

The aim of this research was to refine the actual conceptual model related to the activation of high‐altitude temporary springs within the carbonate Apennines in southern Italy. The research was carried out through geophysical, hydrogeological, hydrochemical and isotopic investigations at the Acqua dei Faggi experimental site during five hydrologic years. The research demonstrated that, in carbonate aquifers where low‐permeability faults cause the aquifer system to be compartmentalized, high‐altitude temporary springs may be recharged by groundwater. In such settings, neither surface water infiltration in karst systems nor perched temporary aquifers play a role of utmost importance. The rare (once or a few time a year) activation of such springs is due to the fact that groundwater unusually reach the threshold head that allows the spring to flow. The activation of the studied high‐altitude temporary spring also depended on relationships between a low‐permeability fault core and a karst system that locally interrupts the low‐permeability barrier. In fact, when the hydraulic head did not reach the karst system, the concentrated head loss within the fault core did not allow the spring to flow, because the groundwater entirely flowed through the fault towards the downgradient compartment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地热井暂堵型水泥基透水材料的试验研究

地热开采过程中,考虑到水源补给,地热井一般布置在破碎带或构造带上,在钻井过程中利用水泥进行堵漏,但在钻井完毕后为提高产能必须进行解堵。而常规水泥在对地层封堵后需要恢复储层渗透性时,只能通过采取酸化解堵措施,且解堵恢复能力差。如果利用地热开发过程中的温度变化制得可降解暂堵水泥体系,简化地热资源的勘探开发过程,有利于降低钻井成本和风险。本文利用G级油井水泥、砂石、增强剂和水溶性纤维制备温敏型暂堵高透水水泥基材料。通过测试材料的抗压强度、孔隙度、密度、凝结时间,以评价其降解效果及基本性能。结果显示,水溶性纤维的加入使水泥抗压强度明显降低,而增强剂可以稍微改善这一缺陷,90 ℃水浴养护后孔隙度明显高于对照组,并且随着时间的推移,孔隙度不断提升,为水泥基暂堵透水材料成功研制奠定了基础,增强剂和纤维都会减少水泥的凝结时间,纤维降低凝结时间的效果更为明显。该材料的研制将简化地热资源的勘探开发过程,有利于降低钻井成本和风险。     

国际暂时性集群发展研究——以国际展览会为例

随着经济全球化的演变,近年来学者们开始关注短暂存在大型集会背景下所形成的集群产生的区域繁荣现象。本文通过归纳国际学者关于暂时性集群的研究成果,发现暂时性集群同样经历了从理论研究到实证分析的演变过程,而暂时性集群的短暂发生特性,循环重叠特性,以及在知识融合方面的突出贡献,使得暂时性集群成为传统集群的重要补充,同时丰富了经济地理学研究领域。在此基础上对暂时性集群进行了简单的诠释,并指出了在传递完整信息的过程中暂时性集群的不足。