用倾角变异系数预测芙蓉井田构造发育程度

根据计算所得煤层底板倾角变异系数R值,将未采区划分为4种构造复杂程度类别,从而找出未采区不同地段断裂构造的差异性,还可根据R值等值线的方向判定未采区主要断裂构造的走向。      

2013年甘肃岷县—漳县M 6.6地震序列精定位研究

采用双差定位法对2013年7月22日甘肃岷县—漳县交界地区M 6.6地震及主震后48小时内388次余震序列进行重新定位,得到350个精定位地震数据。结果表明,余震优势展布以北东向较大倾角的铲状结构为特征,长约12 km,以主震为中心两侧对称分布;震源深度主要集中在4—10 km范围内,但余震震级由10 km左右深度的3—4级向3 km深度之上近地表的2—3级迁移变化;余震分布清晰呈现双层结构,较深层分布在4—10 km深度,而较浅层分布3 km深度之上,2层之间地震分布较少。分析认为,浅层地震可能为本次地震地表破坏较强原因之一。震源深度剖面显示,破裂面向NE倾斜,推测此次地震的发震断裂为临潭—宕昌断裂。     

The potential influence of subduction zone polarity on overriding plate deformation, trench migration and slab dip angle

A geodynamic model exists, the westward lithospheric drift model, in which the variety of overriding plate deformation, trench migration and slab dip angles is explained by the polarity of subduction zones. The model predicts overriding plate extension, a fixed trench and a steep slab dip for westward-dipping subduction zones (e.g. Mariana) and predicts overriding plate shortening, oceanward trench retreat and a gentle slab dip for east to northeastward-dipping subduction zones (e.g. Chile). This paper investigates these predictions quantitatively with a global subduction zone analysis. The results show overriding plate extension for all dip directions (azimuth α = − 180° to 180°) and overriding plate shortening for dip directions with α = − 90° to 110°. The wide scatter in data negate any obvious trend and only local mean values in overriding plate deformation rate indicate that overriding plate extension is somewhat more prevalent for west-dipping slabs. West-dipping subduction zones are never fixed, irrespective of the choice of reference frame, while east to northeast-dipping subduction zones are both retreating and advancing in five out of seven global reference frames. In addition, westward-dipping subduction zones have a range in trench-migration velocities that is twice the magnitude of that for east to northeastward-dipping slabs. Finally, there is no recognizable correlation between slab dip direction and slab dip angle. East to northeast-dipping slabs (α = 30° to 120°) have shallow (0–125 km) slab dip angles in the range 10–60° and deep (125–670 km) slab dip angles in the range 40–82°, while west-dipping slabs (α = − 60° to − 120°) have shallow slab dip angles in the range 19–50° and deep slab dip angles in the range 25–86°. Local mean deep slab dip angles are nearly identical for east and west-dipping slabs, while local mean shallow slab dip angles are lower by only 4.7–8.1° for east to northeast-dipping slabs. It is thus concluded that overall, there is no observational basis to support the three predictions made by the westward drift model, and for some sub-predictions the observational basis is very weak at most. Alternative models, which incorporate and underline the importance of slab buoyancy-driven trench migration, slab width and overriding plate motion, are better candidates to explain the complexity of subduction zones, including the variety in trench-migration velocities, overriding plate deformation and slab dip angles.     

天山地区下石炭统与下伏地层角度不整合接触的地质意义

新疆天山地区下石炭统出露广泛且与下伏地层多呈角度不整合接触，如西部北天山的大哈拉军山组，中部中天山的马鞍桥组及东部南天山的甘草湖组均与下伏地层呈角度不整合接触。显然，这是一个区域性角度不整合。两套地层间的角度不整合是鉴别造山运动的直接标志之一，此不整合可能暗示了古天山洋在早石炭世前已经闭合碰撞造山并进入陆内伸展演化阶段。     

根据震源的两个节面的走向角和倾角求滑动角

文中推导了双力偶点源模型震源机制解得出的震源参数和用地震矩张量反演得出的震源参数之间的转换关系。并给出了实例的计算结果     

顺倾边坡岩层滑移弯曲临界长度及其影响因素分析

基于顺倾边坡岩层滑移弯曲的弹性微分方程及其精确解,应用能量原理建立了岩层滑移弯曲失稳的临界长度计算式,归纳出主要影响因素,并应用优势分析法探讨了各影响因素的主次关系。分析结果表明：岩层单层厚度、滑移面力学性质、岩体弹性模量和坡角是影响顺倾边坡岩层滑移弯曲的主要因素,其影响程度由大到小依次为岩层单层厚度、滑移面的力学性质、岩层倾角和弹性模量。     

几种热浸镀层钢丝在青岛海水中腐蚀行为的对比研究

以热浸镀Zn、0．2％Al-Zn-RE、5％Al-Zn-RE和55％Al-Zn-Si合金镀层钢丝为研究对象,进行了为期6个月的室内海水浸泡试验。结果表明,热浸镀Zn钢丝和0．2％Al-Zn-RE合金镀层钢丝的腐蚀速度是5％Al-Zn-RE和55％Al-Zn-Si合金镀层钢丝样品的2～3倍：同时建立了一种“极化-弛豫-电化学阻抗测量”的循环测试方法,对这几种热浸镀层在青岛海域海水中的腐蚀行为进行了初步探讨。     

An Incursion of Off-Equatorial Subsurface Cold Water and Its Role in Triggering the “Double Dip” La Nia Event of 2011

Based on Global Ocean Data Assimilation System(GODAS) and NCEP reanalysis data, atmospheric and oceanic processes possibly responsible for the onset of the 2011/12 La Nia event, which followed the 2010/11 La Nia even—referred to as a "double dip" La Nia—are investigated. The key mechanisms involved in activating the 2011/12 La Nia are illustrated by these datasets. Results show that neutral conditions were already evident in the equatorial eastern Pacific during the decaying phase of the 2010/11 La Nia. However, isothermal analyses show obviously cold water still persisting at the surface and at subsurface depths in off-equatorial regions throughout early 2011, being most pronounced in the tropical South Pacific. The negative SST anomalies in the tropical South Pacific acted to strengthen a southern wind across the equator. The subsurface cold water in the tropical South Pacific then spread northward and broke into the equatorial region at the thermocline depth. This incursion process of off-equatorial subsurface cold water successfully interrupted the eastern propagation of warm water along the equator, which had previously accumulated at subsurface depths in the warm pool during the 2010/11 La Nia event. Furthermore, the incursion process strengthened as a result of the off-equatorial effects, mostly in the tropical South Pacific. The negative SST anomalies then reappeared in the central basin in summer 2011, and acted to trigger local coupled air–sea interactions to produce atmospheric–oceanic anomalies that developed and evolved with the second cooling in the fall of 2011.     

三峡库区典型顺斜向岩质滑坡变形破坏特征及失稳机制分析

近年来,三峡库区城集镇开发区顺斜向岩质滑坡失稳破坏现象时有发生,研究顺斜向岩质滑坡的变形破坏特征及失稳机制对防治此类滑坡具有重要意义。本文以巫山县白杨湾滑坡为例,通过现场踏勘、钻探和多种监测手段,对这一典型顺斜向岩质滑坡的变形破坏特征及失稳机制进行了深入研究。此滑坡所处地层为巴东组第二段泥岩,岩体破碎,地下水较丰富。滑坡岩层向右边界倾斜,右边界受断层控制,断层面与岩层面相交切割形成楔形体顺斜向滑移。滑坡体积约320×104 m3,滑动方向与岩层倾向夹角60°。受坡脚开挖和坡体建筑荷载等人类工程活动的影响,滑坡于2019年7月开始出现显著变形,滑坡中部的位移速率达到2～5 mm/d。2019年9月中旬,滑坡前部设置应急抗滑桩后,滑坡变形开始减缓至0～0.5 mm/d。白杨湾滑坡对城集镇开发区金科城造成巨大威胁,建议采取“搬迁避让+工程治理+专业监测”的防治对策。本文的研究成果对指导三峡库区顺斜向岩质滑坡防治和人工开挖诱发滑坡的防治具有重要借鉴意义。